It is painful to think that a people professing we have assembled, we rejoice that the hours we to hold secret communings with Him by whom have been together, have not been mis-spent, the worlds were made, should dare for a moment, that the morning and evening dew has fallen, to to think of recalling immortal spirits from beyond vivify and impart life and energy to the droopthe grave; or of attempting to hold communion ing spirit, and has brought with it the manna with them, through any other medium than his for gathering and while we make no claim to pure spirit. It has always been the doctrine of higher attainments, indulge no brighter hopes this religious society, that the divine, the eter- than the faithful who remain at home laboring nal, the all-creating, but uncreated spirit of in the vineyard, we cannot avoid believing that Heaven's Omnipotent and Eternal King, hath it has been good for us that we have been toever dwelt and spoken in the soul! That it is gether. We believe the gifts conferred upon our a brighter light, and a clearer voice than can be fathers were greater than many attain in this seen or heard through any material agency. generation, but we feel a love as deep and strong And it is the very foundation and corner-stone as theirs for the preservation and growth of Zion; of our religion that it is given to every man to and we humbly hope, the offerings made at this profit withal! Yet with all these long cherished season may be as acceptable in the divine sight. views of our religion and its universality, there Under the blessed assurance that the Shepherd are those who claim to hold such intercourse, and of Israel is yet watching over his flock, the meetto hold it, through the aid of natural causes, and ing adjourns to assemble again next year, at the specially appointed mediums-limiting the reve- usual time, if consistent with the Divine Will. lations and the light, to those who undergo manCALEB CARMALT, Clerk. ipulations and preparations, by which the healthy action of both body and mind are impaired, and the life of both endangered. This arrogance and FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER. presumption, this confounding of religion with philosophy, and that philosophy of no doubtful character, if not actually associated with gross and sensual impiety, is manifestly the reverse of the Revelations of the infinite to which Jesus and We noticed in the Intelligencer of 7th mo. 4, his apostles called the disciples. And yet by some account of Genesee Yearly Meeting, forthis wretched and miserable delusion many have warded by a friend in attendance, and have since suffered themselves to be carried captive, until been furnished with a copy of the Extracts from no hope remains for them, but the mercy and the minutes of that meeting. A minute embraforgiveness of God. cing the state of Society amongst them, and some of the exercises that prevailed, will be found in our present number. PHILADELPHIA, EIGHTH MONTH 29, 1857. While thus reflecting upon the divinations and enchantments by which we are surrounded, we cannot avoid cautioning our young friends, against the metaphysical subtleties and refined spiritualities, by which the plainest facts recorded in the sacred writings are swept from the record, and DIED, On the 10th of 8th mo., 1857, at the resi converted into metaphorical and allegorical sim-dence of her son, Simeon M. Lewis, in Huntsville, ilitudes. And when God sends his judgments, of Abner Lewis, in her 74th year. She was interred Madison County, Indiana, SUSANNA M. LEWIS, widow his signs, and his wonders, to admonish man of on the 11th in Friends' burial ground at Fall Creek. his dependence and his littleness-assumes they A short time previous to her death, she expressed a are not of super-natural agency-"saying these wish to be released; on being asked if she felt any are their causes, they are natural," thus denying thing in her way, she said no," she had nothing more a special providence, introducing Deism and Atheism, the worst of foes to all the dignity and consolation of mankind, we have little faith in the so-called "improvements," that are used to justify men who think themselves wiser in their generation, than the children of light. We never expect to be better Christians, than christianity's first great teacher! And we distrust all who doubt the authenticity of the narratives of the Evangelists, the inspirations of the prophets, or the simple facts that gave vitality to the whole system of the Christian religion. to do, her day's work was done." widow' of John Horner, in the 76th year of her age. On the 2nd of 8th mo., 1857, LYDIA HORNER, She was a member of St. Clairsville Particular and Plainfield Monthly Meetings, and was a valuable overseer and elder of said Meetings for many years, filling those stations to the satisfaction and encouragement ligious meetings, when health and ability permitted, of her friends. She was a diligent attender of our reoften surmounting difficulties many would have shrunk from, to perform that duty, frequeutly expressing her great desire for the prosperity of Zion, and the promo tion of Truth. Having been graciously permitted to witness the overshadowings of Divine love and goodness, and to feel it pervading the minds of Friends great suffering, yet she evinced much patient resignaHer disease was hemorrhage of the lungs, causing during the transaction of the business for which tion to her Master's will, saying to a friend present, she hoped her patience might hold out to the end; then added, Oh! I have always had a bountiful Heavenly Father, indeed I have. She loved the company of her friends, and particularly those whom she believed to be devoted to the service of the divine Master. During her illness a Friend in the ministry called to see her. She signified her satisfaction at the enjoyment of his company, and was led to encourage him to faithfulness adding, "Be faithful, and then thou will do well." She appeared to retain the full powers of her mind to the last, and was willing to be released from earth. A little before her close, observing her daughters much affected, she desired they might not grieve, but be still, that she might pass away quietly; and shortly after quietly and peacefully breathed her last, and we doubt not has received the welcome of well done, and entered upon a glorious immortality. The funeral took place on Second day the 3rd of 8th mo., at which a large company of Friends and others were assembled. Her remains were interred in Friends' burial ground at St. Clairsville. T. F. SOURCES OF HAPPINESS. Juvenile Essay, No. 3. One of the first wishes of childhood is to be happy, and as the child grows into manhood, this desire "grows with his growth, and strengthens with his strength." He naturally seeks happiness, in the company of his gay associates, and so long as he endeavors to acquire it in innocent amusement, he generally finds it here; but when he sacrifices the wishes and pleasures of others, in order to gratify his own inclinations, the sting of a guilty conscience soon deprives him of the sweet peace which he might otherwise have enjoyed. As he advances in age, his character will depend much upon the training which his youthful mind has received, and although the desire to acquire happiness will still be his ruling passion, the sources from which he endeavors to obtain it will depend greatly upon his early education. If he has been taught to consider riches the great fountain of happiness, then will he be led to reflect upon the best means of amassing great wealth. Every thing must be subservient to this great object. Health, friends, and many other things necessary to promote happiness, are sacrificed by the miser, in order to have heaps of yellow dust around him. After all, does this make him happy? He never has enough, but goes on from year to year, trying to devise means by which he can obtain still greater riches; but he is at last overtaken by death. What avail is all his riches in this hour? In vain he clutches them with the iron grasp of death, and would fain carry them with him to his last resting place; but they have now performed their office towards him, and he must be content to leave them, and also his experience, to succeeding generations. Others profiting by his failing to secure happiness in this way, determine to be wiser. The most of them are willing to possess riches, but many employ them very differently. Some fre- Is it roving dispositions lead them still farther, they can cross the pathless ocean and visit the land of their forefathers. Here they will find many things fraught with interest. They can climb the lofty mountains, or descend into the winding valleys; visit the icy home of the Laplander, or the sunny clime of Italy; and in all their wanderings they will find some objects of interest. This to one whose disposition is thus inclined, would doubtless afford much real happiness. But can it not be obtained nearer home? necessary for us to leave the haunts of our childhood, and the friends of our youth, in order to be happy? Why are we formed with such feelings as to make home, dearer than any other place, if happiness is not within its limits? But how is it to be obtained? Is it not in doing what we know to be right, and in endeavoring to make others happy? When is it that we feel most happy, if it is not when we have done a good deed, or when we have refrained from doing wrong? What can give us more pleasure than to remove a worthy family from poverty, to comfort? Although they may never be able to return what is thus given, we feel doubly repaid by the sincere thanks which are poured from their grateful hearts. That it has been truly said, "it is more blessed to give than to receive," will, I think, be acknowledged by all who are accustomed to acts of charity. Then is it necessary to seek happiness in the gay and fashionable world? We will most assuredly be much less likely to be disappointed, if we seek it in the humbler walks of life. If we begin at home and try to make every one happy, by kind words, and little deeds of love, we will not fail to procure happiness for ourselves. And when the final hour arrives in which we shall be summoned before our God, we will receive the meed, "Well done good and faithful servant, enter thou into the joy of thy Lord." Springdale. B. L. If Christians must contend, let it be like the olive and the vine, which shall bear most and best fruit: and not like the aspen and the elm, which shall make most noise in the world.-Jeremy Taylor. For Friends' Intelligencer. GEORGE STEPHENSON, RAILWAY ENGINEER. broke forth with the shout, "I am now a made I have been much interested in the pleasant little story of the late Railway Engineer, George Stephenson; and believing that some of your young readers may be instructed by his experience, I send it for publication in your columns. His persevering industry, self reliance, and patient application of the humble means within his reach, were eminently crowned with success, and afford another instance that, even in temporal affairs, it is the diligent that prosper. H. George Stephenson, according to the "rech-ject of engines. Then came the necessity for ester" in the family Bible of his father-the fireman at the old pumping-engine of the colliery at Wylam, near Newcastle,-" was Born June 9 day, 1781." imitated everything. He loved the engine which His night school and learned reading, writing, and book-learning, and George went humbly to a arithmetic, till he not only had outstripped the adult class, but had exhausted his master. Therewith, he was no absentee from manly sports. He George was the second of six children, two of played, as he worked, heartily; drank little, read whom were daughters. The parents "belonged much, thought more, and finally, having become to the ancient and honorable family of the work-brakesman," and being in the receipt of nearly ers." The father was never anything more than a humble laborer, with a love for Nature and a fund of capital stories, which brought an audience of children of various growths about him and his engine-fire. The mother was a "rale canny body," which, in Northumbria, is the highest compliment that can be paid to woman. The early duties of George were to run on village errands, to nurse his younger brothers and sisters, and to see that they did not get run over by the horse-drawn coal-waggons on the wooden railway in front of the cottage. At eight years of age, he was promoted to be the same sort of guardian over a neighbor's cows, a service which was munificently remunerated at 2d. per day. The child thus early experienced the inexpressible enjoyment of "earning his bread." Sweet is the produce of labor, though it be but 2d. per day gained as a cowherd. While he had his eye upon the cows, he modelled clay engines, and nourished in his young heart the modest ambition of being employed, as his father was, in some colliery. But this envied position was only reached by slow degrees. He had first to be a hoer of turnips at 4d. per day, and a clearer of coal from stones and dross at 6d. a day, before-at the age of fourteen-he was promoted to be assistant to his honest old father, at Dowlay, at 18. per day. All the children were by this time little bread-winners, and the family income sometimes rose to 21. per week; but that was during years when the price of wheat ranged from 75s. to 130s. per quarter. Nevertheless, George must have had nourishing food, or he never could have performed the feat of raising sixty stones weight, or perhaps his requirements were small; for, being appointed plugman at 12s. a week, the boy a pound a week, with a conviction that in his brain his "banks were well furnished," he did exactly what he ought to have done.-he fell in love with sweet-tempered, modest, sensible, and bonny-looking Fanny Henderson. He soled her shoes. Do not smile superciliously, O reader! Our worker had learned the gentle craft in his leisure hours, and turned it to pecuniary account. But do you suppose when he had soled the little shoes of charming Fanny Henderson that he returned them to her with or without his little account? Not he! The honest-hearted lover put them into his bosom ; warmed them at his manly breast; took them out to gaze upon, perhaps,― nay, assuredly, to kiss them; and held them aloft with the significant and self-congratulatory remark, that it was "a capital job!" And so it proved. The brakesman, now of Willington Quay, furnished a cottage, married Fanny at Newburn Church, in 1802, and rode proudly home fifteen miles on horseback with young Mrs. George Stephenson behind him on a pillion. They had a magnificent escort with them; angels and heavenly blessings were around and about them. For see; soon in that humble but happy cottage, there is a busy mother, and a studious father with a child at his side, scattering sunshine by his smiles. However, accidents of course visit them; and their cottage is damaged by fire, and still more by water, and soot, and smoke. George looked round at the devastation and characteristically began his repairs, by setting the eight day clock to rights! The steam and the soot had clogged the wheels, and Stephenson was uneasy till he had once more set the machine in motion. He did this, however, so well that he soon was widely employed as the best "clock doctor in the country." He left | plishment. Sagacious men listened, wondered, that part of it in 1804 to proceed to West Moor, and were disposed to believe. Matter-of-fact Killingworth, seven miles north of Newcastle. men shook their heads and doubted. Conceited There, his employers recognized his qualities as men charged him with conceit, and thought him a practical workman and inventor. There he a fool. laid the broad foundation of his lofty renown, and there commences a new period in his eventful and honorable history. There was a time, in the days of Cardinal Richelieu, when gay French sight-seers used to repair to the madhouse near Paris to see Solomon But sorrow came before renown. The sun- de Caus, who was shut up there, for boring to light of his house was taken from him, and with death his family, friends and the Government the death of his wife darkness covered his hearth. with the assertion that ships might be navigated He abandoned Killingworth for a while, went a- and carriages moved by the steam of boiling foot into Scotland in search of work, and returned water. Keepers and visitors held their sides heart-sore to be near his boy. He came back to with laughter as they heard poor Solomon repeat find his father blind and helpless, but George his conviction. In the next hundred and fifty took him to his poor house, and in order to sup- years, although Watt had, by adding his own port his parents and to procure a good education ideas to those of many illustrious predecessors, for his motherless child he spent a portion of the rendered practically useful the "steam of boiling nights which followed days of labor, in mending water," locomotives were yet unknown. Many clocks and watches, in making shoes and lasts, improvements had to be made in the old, short, and in cutting out suits of clothes which the and primitive railways along which coal was colliers' wives made up for their husbands. "hauled" by horse-power, before Mr. Outram, in "Geordy Stevie's cut" is not yet out of fashion 1800," used stone props instead of timber for in the district of Killingworth. Altogether, these supporting the ends and joinings of the rails." were very hard times. He had even to purchase The Outram, or (according to the fashion we a substitute for the militia, for which he was alluded to in reviewing Luttrell's Diary,' by drawn, when substitutes were at war-prices; but which we call a popular thing by the head or his heart never failed him. "Perseverance" tail of its name) the tram road was pretty genewas his device and principle,-and that and en- rally adopted, and though railway wagons still durance purchased him a richly compensating continued to be drawn by horses, various deeptriumph. The ropes at the pit where he was thinking men began to talk of conveying passenemployed as brakesman wore out rapidly, and he gers as well as goods, and that by locomotive invented a remedy to prevent this wear. En-power. The experiments were many and so gines became crippled and powerless, and when he suggested means for both prevention and cure, official and helpless engineers sneered at, and were obliged to have recourse to, him. For one invaluable service in rendering efficiency to an engine that had been pronounced incurable, he received ten guineas, promotion with increase of wages, and promise of future advantages. To a squad of engineers "drowned out" of a coal-pit, It drew eighty tons weight, at four miles an he said he could erect a thing no bigger than a hour, and was about as dear as horse-power. So kail-pot that should clear the pit. He kept his you see, nothing has been gained, remarked the word, and they accounted him a wizard. And scientific people. Everything has been gained, the opinion seemed well founded, for his cottage said Stephenson, who saw what was wanted, and was crowded with models, plans, drawings and inventing the "steam blast," as the simple prodiagrams; and he had, moreover (for he could cess is called, by a turn of his magic, doubled turn his mind to anything,) put all the cradles in his speed, and made at once practicable all that the district in connexion with their respective has since been realized. This was in 1815, and smoke-jacks, and thus made them self-acting. the world was as thoroughly revolutionized thereHe had besides contrived to save a hundred by as it was by the victory of the same year on guineas. If all this was not wizard's work, what the plains of Mont St. Jean. It was, indeed, a was it? Well, it was the simple result of "Per-year of double triumph to Stephenson, for it was severance." And another result was his appoint- then that he produced his safety-lamp for miners. ment at Killingworth colliery as "engine-wright," He was a little before Sir Humphry Davy, though at 100%. a year. He was now fairly on his way the Baronet's lamp was found to be something to "revolutionize by his improvements and in- more perfect than what was called "the invenventions the internal communications of the tion, claimed by a person, an engine-wright, of civilized world." He hardly looked so far him- the name of Stephenson." The controversy self, but it was not long before his great mind about the lamps has gone out, leaving to the melooked to great ends, and prophesied their accom-chanic and the philosopher their respective dues, were the failures, but even these taught something. Stephenson was the first to realize the great fact, accomplishing for the locomotive what James Watt had done for the steam-engine. Lord Ravensworth (1813) supplied him with the money for building the first locomotive. People called Lord Ravensworth "a fool :"-Stephenson built his engine, and called it "My Lord." but at Killingworth the men continue to prefer | rarily suspended. Meanwhile, Mr. Edward the "Geordy" to the "Davy." "It is worthy Pease had seen Stephenson's engine at work at of remark," says Mr. Smiles, "that under cir- Killingworth, and the result was, not only the cumstances in which the wire gauze of the Davy appointment of the latter to the office of engineer lamp becomes red-hot from the high explosive to the "Quakers' line," the Stockton and Darness of the gas, the Geordy lamp is extinguished, lington Railway, at a salary of 3007. a year, but and we cannot but think that this fact testifies Mr. Pease entered into partnership with him for to the decidedly superior safety of the Geordy." the establishment of a locomotive foundry at NewWhen Stephenson talked of accomplishing castle. Thus the mechanic became a master of high rates of speed by locomotives upon railways, men. He was a kind yet firm master. He re-not in his time, perhaps, but years after he was spected the men's manhood, and they respected dead, (he lived to see it all,) he was told that iron his masterhood. was incapable of adhesion upon iron, and that roughness of surface was essential to produce "bite." He thought it over, communed with himself and his son, made sun-dials and other scientific toys while he was thinking, and married Elizabeth Hindmarsh, a farmer's daughter. He sent his son to Edinburgh University, and had the joy of seeing him bring back, in six months, the prize for mathematics. He worked incessantly, persevered in the track of his old thoughts, saw light, made use of it, got among men of enterprise, money, and larger views, and persuaded them that he was not so visionary a mechanic as he was accounted by many great philosophers, and a number of persons who thought themselves qualified to judge as well as the philosophers, who were indeed no judges at all. Great wants produce, under certain circumstances, great and desired ends. Manchester was always wanting her cotton of Liverpool, but the two cities combined, canals, roads and all, had not means of transit to supply the demand. Cotton, destined for Manchester, lay longer at Liverpool than it had taken to come across the Atlantic. The manufacturers were often in despair, the operatives as often in idleness, want and discontent. A railroad would remedy all this, but the dream of effecting more than this was not very fondly indulged in. Stephenson was consulted, for his name, and his engine, and his engine's name at Killingworth had given him a.dignity and reputation which made of him an indispensable person in such a novel process. And what a time of it the surveyors had; how road-trustees and aristocratic canal proprietors cursed them, how landlords hooted them, how farmers jeered them, how peasants pelted them, how the very women and children assailed them with words and other missiles! The assistants were mobbed and roughly treated; the chainman was threatened with being thrown into a pit; sticks and guns were presented at the man who held that terrible and detested mystery, the theodolite; and when he could be caught at advantage clambering over a stile or gate, the savage rustics helped him over by pricking him with a pitchfork. The line was opened for traffic in 1825. The first trip comprised coals, flour, and 250 living persons. There were thirty-eight vehicles in all, the whole weight being about ninety tons. « Mr. Stephenson" drove the engine, and local chroniclers were more out of breath than the locomotive, at recording its occasional pace of ten miles an hour! The Earl of Durham, then Mr. Lambton, looking sharply to his own profit, had forced a clause into the bill for the regula tion of this line, whereby the proprietors were compelled to haul all coals to Stockton for shipment at a halfpenny a ton per mile. This low rate was fixed in order to protect his own coal shipped from Sunderland. He thought, and the railway proprietors felt, that coal could not be carried at such a price without great loss, if not ruin. But the great free-trader, turned Protectionist in his own behalf, was exquisitely shortsighted. The railway proprietors were, in their turn, agreeably disappointed. They had only looked to a limited coal-carrying; but when they found themselves, in course of time, called upon to carry half a million tons annually to the seaside, they saw with equal surprise and pleasure that the profits were large, and that the low rate had had exactly the opposite effect to what had been contemplated by the patriotic Mr. Lambton. (To be concluded.) SPOILING POTATOES. Is it any wonder that we rarely if ever see such a thing as good potatoes in this city, where every dealer takes the most effectual way in his power to spoil them for food? It is possible that people who grow potatoes, or those who are constantly dealing in them, do not know that they are always injured by exposure to the light, and if the exposure is continued long enough, they are utterly ruined? So great is the change that a tuber, naturally mealy, nutritious and palatable, is changed by exposure to light, and by that alone, during its ripening period, to a green, bitter, watery mass and every hour that a potato is exposed to the light, after taking it The opposition was, for a time, too strong out of its dark bed where it grew, it is injured for the proprietors, and the scheme for a railway in some degree though not actually spoiled until between Manchester and Liverpool was tempo-it has been exposed for a long period. There is |