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tion of the people, the names of rivers and mountains, and towns and villages, all over the country, would continue to attest that it had once been occupied by a race of Celtic descent. On the other hand, however, we are not entitled to conclude, from the absence of any traces of their language in the names of places, that a race, which there is reason for believing from other evidences to have anciently possessed the country, could not really have been in the occupation of it. A new people coming to a country, and subjugating or dispossessing the old inhabitants, sometimes change the names of places as well as of many other things. Thus, when the Saxons. came over to this island, and wrested the principal part of it from its previous possessors, they seem, in the complete subversion of the former order of things which they set themselves to effect, to have everywhere substituted new names, in their own language, for those which the towns and villages throughout the country anciently bore. On this account the topographical nomenclature of England has ever since been, to a large extent, Saxon; but that circumstance is not to be taken as proving that the country was first peopled by the Saxons.-Pict. Hist. of England.

PHILADELPHIA MARKETS.

FLOUR AND MEAL.-The market is dull, and mixed brands of Flour rre nominal at $6 50 a 6 75, and fresh ground from new wheat, $7 50. There is very little demand for export, and little stock to operate in. Small sales of superfine for home consumption from $6 50 up to $7 00 and extra and fancy brands from $7 50 up to 9 00. Rye Flour is held at $4 75 per barrel, and Pennsylvania Corn Meal sold at $4 per bl. GRAIN. There is very little demand for Wheat. Sales of prime Pennsylvania red are making at $1 64 a 1 65 for good prime Southern red, and $1 70 a 1 93 for good and fair white. No new offering. Rye commands 98 a 100c for Pennsylvania. Corn is unchanged. Sales of Penna. yellow at 89c, afloat. Oats are scarce; sales of Penna. and Delaware at 53 a 55c.

MALE TEACHER, to take charge of the

and do not associate, except in the presence of their teachers. None are received as pupils except the children of Friends, or those living in Friends' families and intended to be educated as Friends.

Terms. For board, washing and tuition, per term of 40 weeks, $115, payable quarterly in advance. Pens, ink, lights, &c., fifty cents per quarter. Drawing, and the French language each $3 per quarter. Books and stationery at the usual prices.

The stage from Washington to Winchester stops at Purcel ville within two miles of the school. There is a daily stage from the Point of Rocks, on the Balt.

and Ohio R. Road, to Leesburg, where a conveyance may be had to the school, a distance of 9 miles.Letters should be directed to Purcelville, Loudoun Co., Va.

S. M. JANNEY, Principal.
HENRY SUTTON

HANNAH W. SUTTON Superintendents.

7 mo. 11th, 1857.-8w.

ENESEE VALLEY BOARDING SCHOOL FOR JGIRLS, AT WHEATTLAND, MONROE CO., N. Y. The School Year is divided into Three Terms,

of fourteen weeks each.

The Fall Term will commence on the 3d of 8th mo., 1857.

The Course of Instruction in this school, embraces lish Education, including Drawing. Lectures will be an elementary, practical, liberal, and thorough Enggiven on the different branches of Natural Science, which will be clearly and fully illustrated by experiments, with appropriate apparatus.

The School is located in a healthy and pleasant situation, within a hundred rods of Scottsville Station, on the Genesee Valley Rail Road, ten miles south of Rochester.

It will be the aim of the Managers and Teachers to render the pupils as thorough as possible in the studies pursued, and also to inculcate habits of order and propriety of conduct.

No pains will be spared that tend to promote the best welfare of the pupils.

TERMS, $42 per Session of 14 weeks, for Tuition, Board, Washing, Fuel, Pens and Ink,-one half payable in advance, the other half at the end of the Term.

Class Books furnished by the school, for the use of which $1.50 per Term will be charged. No extra charges, except for Languages, which will be $5 per Term for each. Stationery furnished at the usual prices.

Each Pupil will provide herself with a pair of Over

A male department, of Friends School, at Salem shoes, Wash-Basin, Towels, Tooth-Brush and Cup

N. Jersey, is wanted.

8mo.1-4t

PRINGDALE

The School to be opened about the 1st of 9th month next, apply to ELISHA BASSETT, or ELIJAH WARE. Salem N. J. BOARDING SCHOOL.-This School, situated in Loudoun Co., Va., was founded by an Association of Friends belonging to Fairfax Quarterly Meeting, in order to afford to Friends' children, of both sexes, a guarded education in accordance with our religious principles and testimonies. The next session will open the 7th day of the Ninth month and close the 11th of Sixth month following.

Thorough instruction is given in the branches usually embraced in a good English education, and lectures are delivered on History, Natural Philosophy, and Chemistry. A philosophical apparatus, a cabinet of minerals, and a variety of instructive books, have been provided for the use of the school.

Experience confirms us in the belief, that in class. ing together boys and girls in the recitation room, we have adopted the right method, as it stimulates them to greater diligence, and improves their deportment. They have separate school rooms and play grounds,

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Each article of clothing to be distinctly marked.
Conduct-papers will be forwarded to the Parents or
Guardians of each Pupil every month, showing the
progress in study, and general deportment.
For further particulars address,
STEPHEN COX, Principal,
Scottsville P. O., Monroe Co., N. Y.
7th mo. 25th, 1857.-4t.
ALLSINGTON BOARDING SCHOOL FOR
GIRLS.-BEULAH S. LOWER and ESTHER Lower,

F

Principals. The first session of this school will com

mence on the 14th of 9th mo. next.

In this Institution will be taught all the branches of thorough English education, and no efforts will be spared on the part of the Principals in promoting the comfort and happiness of those under their care. books and stationery, $75 per session of 20 weeks. Terms. For tuition, board, washing, the use of French and Drawing each $5 per session extra.

For further particulars and references address B. S. and E. LOWER, Fallsington, Bucks Co. Pa. 7th mo. 11th, 1857.-8 w.

Merrihew & Thompson, Prs., Lodge St., North side Penua.Bank.

FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER.

VOL. XIV.

PHILADELPHIA, EIGHTH MONTH 15, 1857.

EDITED BY AN ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS.

PUBLISHED BY WM. W. MOORE,

No. 324 South Fifth Street,

PHILADELPHIA,

Every Seventh day at Two Dollars per annum, payable in advance. Three copies sent to one address for Five Dollars.

Communications must be addressed to the Publisher,

free of expense, to whom all payments are to be made.

EXTRACTS FROM THE LIFE OF MARY DUDLEY.

LETTER TO JOHN WESLEY.

(Continued from page 323.)

July 29th, 1772.

"My very dear and worthy friend.—“ For once I can say, the receipt of a letter from you has given me inexpressible pain; I am therefore constrained to address you in this manner, before we personally meet, as I fear my spirits would not enable me so freely to speak as to write the undisguised feelings of my heart. I believe the apprehension of my valuable friend and father arises from a tender affection for an unworthy worm; of the sincerity of which he has only added a fresh and convincing proof. Whether I may give weight to or dissipate your fears, the most unreserved declaration of my sentiments will determine. Your reviving in my remembrance the many favors I have received from the liberal hand of mercy, since my connexion with our dear friends, is kindly proper; I think I have some sensibility of the love of God towards me in this respect, and esteem that memorable hour when I heard the gospel trumpet among them the happiest of my life. Yes, my dearest sir, my heart burns while I recollect the attraction of heavenly grace! the many, the innumerable mercies since then received, I desire with thankfulness to acknowledge; and which, unless the spirit is separated from the gracious Author, cannot be forgotten. Beware of striking into new paths,' says my revered friend. Much, very much, should I fear exploring any of myself, or taking one step in so important a point, without the direction of Him, who is emphatically called, Wonderful! Counsellor !' To His praise be it spoken, He has given me the desire to be guided by Him; and I humbly hope, in obedience to this Holy Teacher, I have at some seasons lately attended the Quakers' Meeting, but not at the time of our own worship,

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except Sunday evenings, when, with truth I say, the excessive warmth of the room was too much for me to bear. I am obliged to testify, the Lord has clothed His word delivered there with divine power, for which the heart of my dear father will rejoice, since

Names, and sects, and parties fall,

And thou, O Christ, art all in all !'

their authority may be known by the power they With regard to silent meetings, I apprehend are attended with. I have not been at such, yet in my own experience find the unutterable prayer to be the most profitable, and am led much into what is so beautifully expressed in one of our hymns. The speechless awe that dares not move, And all the silent heaven of love.'

I long to be more internally devoted to that God, who alone is worshipped in spirit and in truth; and find, in order to keep a spiritual intercourse, there must be a deep, inward, silent attention to the secret intimations of divine love, for which my inmost soul aspires to Him, who has promised to fulfil the desire of them that seek him; and is this, my dear Sir, "stepping out of the way?" Surely it cannot be, while I find a peace that passeth all understanding. Can this lead me to think slightly of my old teachers? Oh! could my heart be opened to my friend, he would see far other characters imprest. Will this teach me to neglect my meetings? I esteem them great privileges where, not custom, but a sincere desire for God's glory is our principle of action. What further can I say to my honored friend, after disclosing so much of that heart which holds him in most affectionate and respectful love. I can only add the request, that he would join me in that emphatic prayer to the God of all grace, "Thy will be done;" to which an attention and obedience will, I trust, divinely influence his very unworthy, but gratefully af fectionate,

"M. STOKES."

After this she gradually withdrew from the Methodist Society, and became increasingly sensible that it was her religious duty to profess with Friends, which she was strengthened openly to acknowledge in language and demeanor about the middle of the year 1773. This important event and the deep exercises by which it was preceded, are thus stated in my dear mother's own narrative.:

"The active zeal of the people I loved, and

though ignorant of the way Friends had been led, or some peculiar testimonies they held, the day of vision clearly unfolded them one after another, so that obedience in one matter loosened the seal to another opening, until I found, as face answered face in a glass, so did the experience of enlightened minds answer one to the other. I here remember the strong impression I received of the want of rectitude and spirituality, respecting the payment of tithes or priest's demands; feeling great pain in only handing, at my mother's request, a piece of money, which was her property, to some collectors for this purpose: so delicate and swift is the pure witness against even touching that which defileth."

had joined, now appeared to me irreconcilable health mended, I soon got to meetings, and with that self-abasement, and utter inability to move without holy help, which I experienced. I had nothing but poverty and weakness to tell of; and when, from the force of example, I did speak,* my little strength was rather diminished than increased. Indeed, I found little but in quietude and inward attention, and when centered here, I had all things, because I possessed the good itself. Thus was my mind drawn from all creatures, without the help of any, to the Creator and source of light and life, who, to finish His own work, saw meet to deprive me of my health; this happened in the year 1773, about the time of my dear father's death, on whom I closely attended through a lingering illness, wherein he said to me, O Polly! I had rather see you as you are than on a throne.' I believe he died in peace. My complaints threatened my life, being consumptive, but I felt no way anxious respecting the termination. I was weaned from all creatures, but felt, beyond all doubt, that if life was prolonged, were there no Quaker on earth, I must be one in principle and practice; but being determined, if the work was of God, He himself should effect it, I read not any book of their writing. Being utterly unable to go from home, I attended no place of worship, and conversed with very few, except my beloved and most intimate friend, Rebecca Scudamore,† and even to her were my lips sealed respecting the path pointed out to me; but, after hesitating and shrinking many weeks from using the plain language, wherein the cross was too great to be resignedly borne, she told me her fixed belief, that I ought to use it, and that my disobedience caused her great suffering, or to that effect: I then told her, I was convinced of its being required, but, that if giving my natural life would be accepted, I was ready to yield the sacrifice. My health grew worse, and every act of transgression increased my bodily weakness; until feeling all was at stake, in the very anguish of my spirit I yielded; and addressing my beloved and hitherto affectionate mother, in the language of conviction, my sufferings grew extreme through her opposition; but never may my soul forget the precious influence then extended; the very climate I breathed in was sweet, all was tranquil and serene, and the evidence of Heavenly approbation beyond expression clear; so that this temporary suffering from mistaken zeal, seemed light, comparatively; and indeed all was more than compensated by future kindness, when light shone about that dear parent's dwelling. My *This alludes to the practice of disclosing individual experience, in the Class Meetings of the Methodist Society.

This friend was a member of the Church of England, and highly esteemed, as a woman of distinguished piety and deep spiritual experience. A short account of her life was printed at Bristol about thirty years

ago.

Her relations left no means untried to dissuade her from a profession which involved so much self-denial, and seemed, in their view, to frustrate every prospect of worldly advantage; and her mother considering her change as the effect of temptation, was in hopes the interference of the minister of the parish would prove helpful, and accordingly promoted their having an interview; but this did not produce any alteration, neither was it very satisfactory to either party; the clergyman very strongly censured her for having taken so important a step without first consulting him, to which she replied, that not feeling at liberty to confer with flesh and blood, even by consulting her own inclinations, she dared not seek any human counsel, and was endeavoring to act in simple obedience to the discoveries of Divine Light in her own soul. Upon leaving her, he presented a book, which he enjoined her to read, but upon looking at the title, "A Preservative from Quakerism," she pleasantly observed, "It is too late, thou shouldst have brought me a restorative." In the midst of this opposition, she was much encouraged by the sympathy and Christian advice of Elizabeth Johnson, a conspicuous and valuable member of the Methodist Society. This friend had frequently visited her during her illness, and once when she was thought near her end, after spending a considerable time in silence by the bed-side, solemnly addressed her in the following language, "I do not believe that your Heavenly Father is about to take you out of the world, but I believe you are called to make a different profession; you are not led as the Methodists are, but are designed to become a Quaker." This, though very striking and of an encouraging tendency, did not produce any acknowledgment of what was then passing in the conflicted mind of the invalid, who, however, continued to derive comfort from the visits of this valuable acquaintance; and has often mentioned the sweet and strengthening influence of which she was at times sensible, when no words passed between them, as well as the tender and maternal interest which she afterwards manifested, when the view she had expressed was

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The precepts and example of the righteous of ten prove a blessing, not only to the present but future generations, especially when preserved by We feel it, therefore, a duty to give forth the following account of this our dear departed friend, Sarah Coutant:

She was born the 14th of 1st mo., 1794, in the town of New-Paltz, Ulster county, and State of New York. Her parents, Elias and Sarah De Garmo, were not members of any religious denomination, the latter dying at the time of her birth, the former five months previous. She became a member of the family of her uncle and aunt, who were members of our Society; thus she was early instructed in Friends' principles, and it appears her mind was peculiarly fitted for their reception; even when young she was orderly, and a good example of plainness and Christian moderation, which marked her course through life.

About the thirty-ninth year of her age she was united in marriage with Gabriel Coutant; to him she was an affectionate and devoted wife, and to his children a kind and watchful parent, having no surviving children of her own, but was stepmother to nine, and the youngest of these only five years old at the time of her marriage; to these children she discharged the various and important duties devolving upon her, with that maternal regard and affection which caused them to acknowledge they loved her as they did their own mother. In addition to these, two orphan grandchildren subsequently became a part of her charge, and occupied a share in her affections.

Notwithstanding the arduous charge of so large a family, still her labors of love and sympathetic regard were not confined to her own household, for the needy she relieved with no sparing hand, and to the sick and afflicted imparted the soothing balm of consolation.

It was with pain and regret she viewed the enslavement of the colored race, and the evils produced by such a system of injustice and cruelty were with her a subject of deep concern and frequent remark; expressing a conviction that the allwise Father was stretching out his hand for their deliverance, and that the days of their bondage were drawing to a close.

She was witness to many evils resulting from the use of spirituous liquors, and bore a faithful testimony against it; and so sensibly did she feel it her duty to avoid even the appearance of this evil, that she scarcely felt at liberty to use medicine which contained spirits.

In our religious meetings she felt it a duty occasionally to quote some passage of scripture, which was generally so much to the purpose, that she rarely found remarks upon it necessary.

She was a lover of silent meetings, for to her,

through the communion of the Holy Spirit, they were edifying and instructive; and she many times mentioned a circumstance of travelling four miles to attend her own meeting, and found no one convened but herself; after taking her seat, being favored to witness a state of inward retirement, she had thankfully to acknowledge that, although her friends were absent, Christ the head of the church was present, and failed not to commune with her in spirit: so that she could bear testimony that it was as good a meeting as she ever attended.

She was concerned to encourage Friends to the diligent attendance of our religious meetings, however small; even if there be but the "two or three" gathered in Christ's name and power, these would in no wise lose their reward.

In her deportment and manners she was retiring and unassuming. Occupying the station of an elder, she forcibly felt the responsibility attaching to this important service, expressing at times a desire, that if she was not instrumental of good therein, that she might be preserved from doing harm; and it may be remarked, that her usefulness and virtues shone most conspicuously in her own family, the neighborhood, and among her familiar friends.

For two or three years of the latter part of her life, by indisposition, she was prevented from the attendance of meetings, and at such times she was in the habit of having her family collected at home; which gave her much enjoyment, by the renewal of spiritual strength. And such was her love for the attendance of our religious meetings, that under much bodily suffering she twice attended the Yearly Meeting, and several times the Quarterly Meeting, then held on Long Island, with much satisfaction; even though to her it seemed as if each of these meetings might be the last.

About a year previous to her death, she presented to each of her children a large family Bible, as a token of her love, remarking, that she considered it the best treasure she could leave them.

For the last five or six months she was mostly confined to her room, and sometimes alone, (when the family were engaged in their domestic concerns;) on being asked by her husband if at such times she did not feel lonely, replied, "Oh ! no; such seasons are precious to me; I have company better than any outward company, which speaks as never man spake.'

Her health continued to decline, until it was evident to her friends and family that her days were nearly numbered, and none were more sensible of this than herself, saying that she was

prepared to meet the change; and she patiently awaited it, with the same calm tranquillity which had always marked her life.

She gave directions concerning her interment, and that her coffin be plain, and without stain, thus evincing the importance that attaches to a testimony against vain show and superfluity in the near approach of death

On the 18th day of 5th mo., 1853, she quietly passed away as we believe, more fully to realize the reward of a well-spent life-in the sixtieth year of her age. Clerks of the

DAVID HORTON,

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Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Clark, departed this life on the 22d of 6th mo. 1788. The following expressions were penned by her husband as she uttered them shortly before her decease, and by his permission are now, after a lapse of several years, made public; in the hope that they may prove comforting and edifying to some who remain as pilgrims and sojourners here, and be the means of exciting them anew, so to run as to obtain the CROWN! which we doubt not is her reward.

Some time after, having had a wearisome night of pain, she said: "I have ardently sought my beloved, and after some time I found him whom my soul loveth." She continued in much bodily pain, and in the afternoon expressed herself in the following manner: "I have renewed my request that all things may be removed out of the way; and the answer was, all things are removed." The next day, taking me by the hand, being in much bodily pain, she said: "My dear, the way is clear. Come! Lord Jesus! when thou wilt, I am ready." Then sending for a neighbor, (a colored man,) when he came, she took him by the hand and said: "Thou hast been a kind neighbor, and if thou give but a cup of cold water unto one of his little ones, thou shalt have thy reward; I am one of his little ones, and thou wilt find more." The expressions caused those in the room to weep, who were of different persuasions. Soon after some friends came to see her, and her pain being sharp, she expressed herself thus: "I thought I was going, but it may be this body must be more reduced. I would not change my state for any thing in this world. These pains are better than jewels to me."

At another time when I had just returned from meeting, sitting down by her, after a few minutes, she said: "My dear, I have felt so much of the goodness of the Lord that I was afraid to close my eyes, lest I should fall asleep." "One evening, after she had been seized with Some days after, she spoke thus: "This morna fainty fit, she said to me: "My dear, give ing I have been enabled to beg, for I cannot do me up, for I have a hope all will be well." Some any thing without Divine assistance." About days after, sitting with her, she expressed her- noon she sent her daughter for a drawer of clean self in the following manner: "All things are linen, and when it was brought, she, with much removed out of the way, and I hope the Lord composure, selected a part for her burial. In will direct thee how to proceed in the family. the evening she said: "The Lord hath bent his My only daughter requires much care; I hope gracious ear to me;" and in a weighty frame of Providence will preserve her." The next day, spirit, added: "My dear, I live with the Lord." a few friends sitting with her, she said in a sol- Two days after, she appeared much revived, emn manner: "I would not change my state for when I proposed a gentle ride. She calmly reany wordly consideration." The day following plied: "I am waiting for my final change, which she called her school together, in order to take would be very agreeable to me, but not my will, her solemn leave of the children; when, after his will be done." The next day I found her time of silence, she expressed herself thus: wiping tears from her eyes; upon asking the occa"I believe I shall never see some of you any sion, she said: "These are not the tears of sormore; you have been dutiful and affectionate row." At another time she sweetly said: "let chidren to me; I hope that you will continue to all things praise the Lord! let every thing that be good, that one day we may meet in Heaven." hath breath praise the Lord, for I can praise him." At another time, on my coming home from Being confined to her bed, so as not to be able meeting, I went and sat down by her, and after to sit up for some days, after recovering a little, a short pause she said: It was mentioned some- she sat up a few minutes in a chair, and leaning where, Rather let me cease to breathe, than back and folding her hands, said in a solemn cease from praising thee." One evening, after manner: "At this time I can resign my spirit sitting with some ministering friends, our eldest unto thee, if agreeable to thy will." Two days son being present, she called him to her and after she expressed herself thus: "I am washed said: "My children, if you felt the good- clean in the blood of the lamb." In the evening ness of God as I do, you would never go astray; two religious black men came to the house, who I can say his yoke is easy.' My dear children, had a great desire to see her; it being mentioned 'the humble shall be exalted; here is encour- to her, she replied: "All are welcome who have agement to take up the cross in your youth." the true mark of my Redeemer." The next day

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