incidental functions of correcting the zero balance and locking down the weighbeams when the scales are not in use.

Remote indicators may be either recording or nonrecording. If the former, the recording function may be performed either at the remote station or the primary station or both. In any case, the function is controlled by the operator at the remote station. Usually, however, the recording is done at the primary station, since at that point weigh tickets have to be delivered to a truck driver, or a stock ticket has to be placed with the material being weighed. The machine in figure 11 is not a recorder.

PAPER OF H. W. HEM, ENGINEER, TOLEDO SCALE CO.

The success of the dial-type automatic scale has been due to the proved fact that this type of scale makes weighing more accurate and more rapid than did the ordinary beam-type scale, which the automatic scale has so generally replaced.

But between the accurate indication of weight on the dial of the automatic scale and the record of that weight, there still exists the human element, which is responsible for the most frequent and most serious mistakes and discrepancies in weights. Anyone with any knowledge of the limitations of human beings will agree that, as long as human beings must read, remember, and write down weight figures, then some errors in weight records are inevitable.

Just as the automatic dial scale has been a great improvement over its predecessor, the beam scale, so today the automatic weightprinting scale represents the next great step in the elimination of mistakes in weighing. The Printweigh delivers permanent printed weight records. It eliminates human errors, delays, and guesswork in the determination and recording of weight figures. And yet the Printweigh is not a complicated mechanism. It is electrically operated and can be used with practically any Toledo automatic dial scale not over 10 years old.

In the automatic dial scale, an indicator revolves around a fixed dial or chart. In the Printweigh, this lightweight indicator is replaced by an equally lightweight aluminum-alloy disk, as shown in figure 12. This disk weighs no more than the indicator, and therefore imposes no burden on the weighing mechanism. This is important_both from the standpoint of accuracy and durability. The weight figures are printed from a row of raised figures which are etched on the face of this lightweight disk.

Referring to figure 13, the weight ticket or paper strip (1) goes between the printing disk (2) and a squeeze platen (3). An inked ribbon (4) passes between the ticket and the platen. This ribbon, similar to a typewriter ribbon, is automatically fed through and automatically rewound; it has a useful life of many thousands of impressions. Opposite the squeeze platen is a back platen (5). At the touch of the Printweigh operating button, the squeeze platen and back platen press together, with the aluminum disk, the paper strip, and the inked ribbon between them. The printing is positive and instantaneous. The entire operation requires less than one-tenth of a second.

The great advantage of this type of construction, which is obvious, is the simplicity of it. In addition, the Printweigh is exceedingly flexible in the variety of its applications. For instance, one single ticket may be printed each time. Also, this ticket can be ruled with

lines, so that a series of weights can be printed on one ticket, using both sides if desirable. Where large accounting forms or long tickets are desired, these also can be accommodated. In fact, tickets of any length can be used.

In addition, it is equally possible to use a continuous strip of paper like an adding-machine tape. The roll of paper is inserted in the Printweigh and is automatically fed through the printing mechanism with the printing records evenly spaced on it. This strip can then be allowed to come out through the door so it can be cut off each hour, each day, or each week. Or this continuous strip can be automatically wound up inside, under lock and key, to be taken out at the proper time by one authorized person.

Also, a double strip can similarly be used, which provides a duplicate record on separate strips of each printed weight, as illustrated in figure 14. Here also, both strips can be allowed to come out. through the door for immediate removal, or both of them can be wound up automatically inside, or one strip can be wound inside and one come out through the door. Furthermore, a combination of single weight tickets and a strip record can be used. As many as four copies of the weight record can be printed with one impression. The operating control button is usually placed in a convenient position on the scale. But it can be easily located at some remote point entirely away from the scale. The control can also be automatically synchronized to operate with a conveyor line. In such cases the weight of the load passing over the scale automatically makes an electrical contact, which operates the Printweigh.

The Printweigh can be used with any type of electric current. All electric connections are fully protected by fuses, which are conveniently accessible and easily renewable.

The Printweigh can be positioned to face the platform of the scale; or it may face away from the scale; or it may be set at right angles to the long axis of the scale facing either way, as preferred. The Printweigh is available in any weighing capacities from 50 to 500,000 pounds.

This type of weight-printing scale is being used by an increasingly wide list of different businesses and industries. It is particularly valuable in all transactions in which the public is involved. For instance, a great many modern laundries use a Printweigh with a ticket which is given to the customer when the laundry is delivered, as positive printed evidence of the accurate weight of her bundle of laundry. (See fig. 15.)

Many coal yards use Printweigh records to show their customers that they do not depend on hand-made pencil figures for the accuracy of the weight of the coal they buy.

In coal mining the miners' compensation is usually based on the amount of coal delivered to the mine tipple. In such cases, Printweighs are widely used to avoid disputes between the miners and the management. In such cases it is possible to print not only the weight of the coal in the mine car, but also the hour at which the car is weighed, whether the hour is a. m. or p. m., and the miner's number or identification. As a result, both the miner and the mine office can have an accurate, machine-printed record fully identified, the weight of the coal and the time it was delivered to the tipple, with the identification of the miner who is to be credited with the load.

Similarly, in the dairy industry the farmers are paid by weight for the milk they bring to the dairy. Here again the possibilities of dispute are eliminated by furnishing each farmer with his individual weight ticket, on which is printed, each time, the weight of the milk he delivers. And, at the same time, a continuous strip inside the Printweigh makes a duplicate record of each weight with each farmer's number or identification on it, for use by the dairy in paying the farmer for his milk.

In many large distilleries and other large plants where bottled goods are shipped in cartons, the weight of each carton is automatically Printweighed and the printed record pasted on the carton, with a duplicate for the office record. This serves as an automatic check against claims for broken bottles, and protection for the bottler against thievery after the cartons leave the shipping platform.

These are just a few of the many practical uses for Printweigh records. It seems inevitable that ultimately this automatic, rapid, accurate, and reliable method of determining and recording weights will be universally adopted throughout business and industry.

The Printweigh is furnished in either the graduated type or the figure type. The graduated type prints a section of the dial showing the exact position of the indicator in relation to the graduations. The printed weight record is read the same as the visually indicated weight. For instance, on a 1,000-pound dial, which would normally show 1,000 graduations, the value of each graduation is 1 pound. If the visual indicator should come to rest between these 1-pound graduations, the same exact position would be shown on the printed weight.

The figure-type printer prints only one figure. (See fig. 16.) On this type of machine, if the dial prints 1,000 figures for a 1,000-pound dial, it prints to the nearest 1-pound figure. If the visual indicator comes to rest at the "critical point" exactly half-way between the even-pound graduations, the "weight selector," which is necessary on all figure-type printers, will select either one of the two nearest figures. For instance, if the scale should indicate 7511⁄2 pounds, the figure printed will be either 751 pounds or 752 pounds. This, of course, happens when the indicator is exactly at the changing of critical point. This selection of figures on the Printweigh is made only on the lowest figure, which in this case is 1-pound on a 1,000pound dial. So the maximum error that can ever exist from this cause, with the Printweigh, will be one-twentieth of 1 percent, which is well within tolerance.

The Printweigh and the continuous strip recorder, as well as the visual dial, can be used to operate a remote head. Remote heads are used when it is desirable to have the indicating mechanism at a distance away from the scale so great that it is impractical to use extension levers. They are used on dynamometer scales when it is necessary to have the regular dial head next to the machine being tested and at the same time have the remote head mounted on the instrument panel with the numerous other instrument dials necessary for this particular work.

Remote heads are also invaluable on calender or other large machines when it is necessary for two operators to read the indications.

Remote heads furnished by the Toledo Scale Co. are generally operated by two Selsyn motors. The motor on the remote head takes