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521.

522.

523.

Carrier Failing to Comply with Order for Reparation, Suit May Be
Brought Thereon in United States and State Courts, the Order Being
Prima Facie Evidence of the Right to Recover.

Limitations on Actions for Damages.

All Parties Jointly Awarded Damages May Sue as Plaintiffs Against
All Carriers Parties to the Award.

524. Service of Orders of Commission.

525. Commission May Suspend or Modify Its Orders.

526. Punishment for Knowingly Disobeying an Order Issued under Section Fifteen.

527. Special Attorneys May Be Employed.

528.

Courts May Enforce Obedience to Commission's Order, Mandatory or
Otherwise.

529. Schedules, Contracts, Etc.. Must Be Filed with the Commission, and, When Filed, Original or Certified Copy Prima Facie Evidence.

530. Rehearings May Be Granted by Commission.

531.

Procedure before the Commission.

532. Division of the Commission.

533. Function of Commission May Be Performed by Divisions. 534. Procedure of Divisions-Rehearing by Whole Commission.

535. Powers of Commission not Lessened.

536. Salaries and Expenses of the Commission.

537. Principal Office of Commission in Washington, but May Prosecute Inquiries Elsewhere.

538.

539.

The Commission is Authorized to Investigate, Ascertain and Report the
Value of Railroad Property.

Method of Procedure to be Prescribed by the Commission.

How Such Investigation Is Prosecuted.

Duty of Carriers to Aid the Investigation.

540.

541.

542.

Valuations to be Revised and Corrected.

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544.

Notice of Completion of Valuation.

545. Hearings Before Valuation Fixed. 546. Effect of Valuation as Evidence. 547. Applicable to Receivers-Penalty. 548. Jurisdiction of Courts to Aid.

549. Requirements as to Transportation of Employees of the Commission with Supplies Therefor.

550.

551.

Annual Reports Required and What They Shall Contain; Penalties for
Failure to Make.

Commission May Prescribe Form of Keeping Accounts and Inspect
Same.

552. Penalties for Failure to Keep Accounts and for Falsifying the Record.
553. The Commission May Permit the Destruction of Papers.
554. Penalty for an Examiner's Divulging Information Received as Such.
555.
United States District Courts May, Upon Application of Attorney-Gen-
eral at Request of Commission, Enforce Provisions of Act.
Commission May Employ Agents or Examiners.

556.
557. Receiving Carrier Liable for Loss, Remedy Cumulative.

558.

559.

Carriers Liable for Full Value of Property Transported—Cummins
Amendment.

All Carriers Parties to the Transportation Liable.

560. Bills of Lading.

561.

562.

Bill of Lading Act-Transportation Included in Act.
Straight Bill of Lading.

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567.

Insertion of Name of Person to be Notified. 568. Duty of Carrier to Deliver Goods on Demand. 569. Persons To Whom Carrier May Deliver Goods.

570. Liability of Carrier in Case of Delivery of Goods to Wrong Person. 571. Liability of Carrier to Purchaser of Order Bill.

572. Liability in Case of Part of Goods.

573.

574.

Alterations.

Courts May Order Delivery of Goods on Loss of Order Bill of Lading. 575. Liability of Carrier on Bill of Lading Indorsed "Duplicate." 576. Adverse Claim of Title.

577. Requiring Conflicting Claimants to Interplead.

578. Delivery By Carrier When Informed of Adverse Claim to Goods. 579. Claim of Third Person Enforced by Legal Process.

580. Shipper's Weight, Load and Count.

581. Weight, Load and Count.

582. Liability of Carrier on Bill of Lading Issued by its Agent. 583. Attachment by Garnishment.

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586. Liability of Carrier After Sale of Goods.

587. Negotiation of Order Bill by Delivery.

588. Transfer of Bill by Delivery.

589. Negotiation of Order Bill by Person in Possession.

590. Title and Rights Acquired by Transferee.

591. Rights of Transferee.

592. Compelling Indorsement of Order Bill.

593. Warranties Extend to Negotiation of Bill for Value.

594. Liability of Indorser for Acts of Carrier or Previous Indorsers.

595. Warranties by Mortgagee.

596. Bona Fide Purchaser of Bill Wrongly Negotiated.

597. Negotiation of Order Bill by Mortgagor.

598. Superior Rights of Bona Fide Purchaser of Order Bill.

599. Lien Valid.

600. Forgery or Counterfeiting Bill of Lading; Penalty.

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604. Carrier, As Used in This and Next Eleven Sections, Defined.

605. Security Issues Regulated.

606. Power of Commission Over Applications to Issue Securities. 607. Commission To Prescribe Form of Applications.

608. Notice of Sale of Securities Required.

609. Notice of Applications-How Served.

610. Exclusive and Plenary Jurisdiction Given Commission. No Guarantee by United States.

611.

612.

Not Applicable to Notes-Rule as to No-Par Stock. 613. Reports of Carriers Showing Security Issues Required. 614. Securities Not Authorized Void-Penalties.

615. Interlocking Railway Directorates Regulated.

616.

617.

Annual Reports by Commission to Congress.

Circumstances Under Which Reduced or Free Fares and Rates May
Be Given.

618. Existing Remedies not Abridged or Altered; Pending Litigation Not Affected.

619.

Interchangeable Mileage Tickets, How Issued.

620. Discrimination May Be Prevented by Writ of Mandamus, Remedy Cumulative.

621.

622.

Number, Terms, Qualification, Salary and Appointment of Commissioners.

Certain Water Carriers to File Schedules.

623. Information to be Furnished By Water Carriers.

624. Changes of Schedules to be Filed.

625. Through Bills of Lading Required.

626. Such Through Lading not an Arrangement for Continuous Service. 627. Automatic Train-Stop or Train-Control Devices May Be Required. 628. Title of Act.

629. Existing Laws as to Obtaining Testimony Applicable to Act.

630. Repealing Conflicting Laws not to Affect Pending Suits.

631.

632.

Time of Taking Effect of Act.

Carriers Must Designate Agents in Washington.

633. Pending Cases not Affected.

634.

Commission to Investigate Questions Pertaining to Issuance of Stocks and Bonds.

635. Injunctions Against Operation of State Statutes.

636. When Act Effective.

637. Parties Defendant Other than Carriers in Suit to Enforce Provisions

of Act.

638. Equitable Proceedings May Be Instituted by the Commission to Restrain Discrimination or Departures from Published Rates.

639. Immunity and Compulsory Attendance of Witnesses, Production of Books and Papers.

640. Expediting Act Applicable to Suits Brought Under Direction of Attorney-General.

641. Repealing Clause not to Affect Pending Suits or Accrued Rights. 642. Commerce Court.

643.

644.

645.

Commerce Court Abolished.

Venue of Suits on Orders of Interstate Commerce Commission.
Procedure in the District Courts.

646. Temporary Restraining Orders.

647. An Appeal to the Supreme Court from Interlocutory or Final Orders. 648. Appeals from Final Judgments.

649. Pending Causes Transferred to District Courts.

650. Certain Cases Given Precedence and Hearing Expedited; Hearing Before Three Judges.

651. Direct Appeal to Supreme Court.

652. Government-Aided Railroad and Telegraph Lines.

653. Connecting Telegraph Lines.

654. Duties Imposed on Interstate Commerce Commission.

655. Duty of the Attorney-General.

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657. Duty of Telegraph and Railroad Companies to File Contracts with and Make Reports to Interstate Commerce Commission.

658. Right of Congress to Alter or Annul Act.

659. Lake Erie and Ohio River Ship Canal.

660. Parcel Post.

661. Compulsory Attendance of Witnesses and Production of Papers Provided for.

Amendment to Compulsory Attendance Act.

662.

663.

Policy of Congress to Encourage Water Transportation.
Effective Date Section Ten Clayton Act Extended.

664.

665. Part of Act Unconstitutional not to Invalidate Other Parts.

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§ 400. Title of Act and Definitions.-The Transportation Act, 1920, is divided into five titles. Title I is as follows:

DEFINITIONS.

Section 1. This Act may be cited as the "Transportation Act, 1920."

Section 2. When used in this Act

The term "Interstate Commerce Act" means the Act entitled "An Act to regulate commerce," approved February 4, 1887, as amended;

The term "Commerce Court Act" means the Act entitled "An Act to create a commerce court, and to amend an Act entitled 'An Act to regulate commerce,' approved February 4, 1887, as heretofore amended and for other purposes," approved June 18, 1910;

The term "Federal Control Act" means the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the operation of transportation systems while under Federal control, for the just compensation

of their owners, and for other purposes," approved March 21, 1918, as amended;

The term "Federal control" means the possession, use, control, and operation of railroads and systems of transportation, taken over or assumed by the President under section 1 of the Act entitled "An Act making appropriations for the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917, and for other purposes, " approved August 29, 1916, or under the Federal Control Act; and

The term "Commission" means the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Transportation Act, 1920, was approved February 28, 1920, U. S. Stat., Title I, Title 49 U. S. C. A.

Title II is reproduced in appendix 1. Title III was repealed by the Railway Labor Act of 1926. The latter Act appears in appendix 2. Title IV amends the Interstate Commerce Act and is inserted in the appropriate sections of this Chapter; Title V is made Secs. 663, 664, 665, post, this Chapter.

§ 401. Scope of Interstate Commerce Act; Not Applicable to Intrastate Commerce.

(1) That the provisions of this Act shall apply to common carriers engaged in—

(a) The transportation of passengers or property wholly by railroad, or partly by railroad and partly by water when both are used under a common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment; or

(b) The transportation of oil or other commodity, except water and except natural or artificial gas, by pipe line, or partly by pipe line and partly by railroad or by water; or (c) Transmission of intelligence by wire or wireless;-from one State or Territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia, to any other State or Territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia, or from one place in a Territory to another place in the same Territory, or from any place in the United States, through a foreign country to any other place in the United States, or from or to any place in the United States to or from a foreign country, but only in

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