such riders that some writers upon the art advocate that the head should be pulled to the left to lighten the right shoulder, when the rider wishes his horse to lead in the gallop with the right side. Now it is agreed on

all hands that a horse's head should be turned in the direction that he goes. In the above instance the head of the horse is turned to the left and he is to lead off with the right side. Then if his head is carried to the right to change direction to that side, the horse should, if he answers to his signals, change his leg and be false in his gallop. But when the heavy-handed rider has on some occasion made his horse rear, he finds that when the horse is forced to yield to the hand he

becomes light in front, and the theory we support is in that case proved. We have seen that by overcoming

the

resistances of the fore-hand

we

can lighten that part without violence, and when we come to the lesson upon the gallop the same principles will be applied to make the horse lead with either leg. For if the fore-hand is made light by the proper action of the bit, that side will be made the lighter upon which the action is the more strongly defined, so that to make him lead off with the right leg we shall raise that side with the right rein, and the horse will move off with his head in the proper position.

To change Direction.

We will suppose that the horse has so far progressed in his education that he may be put into the walk, and yet be so obedient to the bit that he retains the equilibrium as far as is possible. Keeping him at a steady walk, the rider will accustom him to bear the pressure of the legs by applying them, first one and then the other, as the horse raises the opposite fore-leg. This will serve to improve the action of the gait, as well as to bring him to bear the pressure of the legs without flinching. When he will answer the pressure of the legs and bare hecls by bringing forward the forces of the croup, and will

measure his speed by the freedom given him by the hand without forcing himself upon it, he will be accustomed to the spur until he bears the scratch of the rowel with the same complacency that he bore the attacks of the heels. This can be brought about without trouble by quieting the horse by voice and hand after each application of the aid, which at first should be very light, to gradually increase in force. The spur should never be given with a shock, but the foot should be carried back and the rowel quietly but quickly applied by lowering the toe. After the horse finds that the spur comes soon after the pressure of the leg he will rarely require the application of the severer form of the

aid, and the whole education of the horse will tend to make him quick and lively in his motions, and obedient to the slightest expression of his

master's will.

The horse, in hand and gathered, will be put into the walk, and the rider will practise the change of direction to the right. Taking the curb-reins in the left hand, he will hold the snaffle-reins divided by the width of his right hand. Upon arriving at the point where a new direction is to be taken, the rider will turn the head of the horse by the direct application of the right snaffle-rein, and when the horse turns into the [new path the

left hand will be so that the left

carried to the right, curb-rein will press