*The numbers preceding the names of the associate justices denote the order of their appointment. The numbers following +Resigned. The others, excepting present justices, occupied the office until death. Presided one term of the court, but appointment not confirmed by the senate. When the supreme court was first established it was composed of a chief justice and five associates; previous to the first ses- In the absence of the chief justice the senior associate justice presides. CABINET DEPARTMENTS. Secretary of State. This department was established July 27, 1789, and was then known as the department of foreign affairs, and the principal officer as the secretary of foreign affairs. By act of September 15, 1789, it was denominated the department of state and the principal officer the secretary of state. Foreign ministers are connected with this department and rank as follows: Ambassadors; envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary; ministers resident; diplomatic ministers; consuls general, consuls, and vice consuls. Secretary of the Treasury. This department was established September 2, 1789; to it are assigned the revenues and finances. There are two assistant secretaries. The bureaus of the department are as follows: First comptroller; second comptroller; first auditor; second auditor; third auditor; fourth auditor; fifth auditor; sixth auditor; treasurer; commissioner of the customs; comptroller of the currency; commissioner of internal revenue; statistics; register of the treasury; and architect. Under the general direction and control of this department are: Collectors of customs; naval officers and surveyors; weighers, measurers and gaugers; revenue marine corps; light-house board; coast survey; mint and coinage; and weights and measures. Secretary of War. This department was established August 7, 1789. The bureaus of the department are as follows: Adjutant general's office; quartermaster general's office; commissary general's office; paymaster general's office; surgeon general's office; engineer office; ordnance office; and military justice. Attorney General. An act of 1789 required the appointment of an attorney general. By act of June 22, 1870, the department of justice was established, with the attorney general at its head. The principal officers under the attorney general are two assistant attorneys general; solicitor general; solicitor of internal revenue; solicitor of the treasury; assistant solicitor of the treasury; and examiner of claims. |