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9.

E sol dolce l'increspa aura soave:

Ma il vento e Amore e il mar fede non ave, &c.
Tasso, Canzon.
Fair laughs the morn, and soft the zephyr blows,
While proudly riding o'er the azure realm
In gallant trim the gilded vessel goes,

Youth at the prow, and pleasure at the helm, &c.
Gray's Bard.

Prô quanta est gloria genti
Injecisse manum fatis, vitaque repletos

Quod superest donasse Deis!-Lucan. iii. 242. Oldham uses the same turn of expression in speaking of the death of Rochester.

He gave the devil's leavings to his God.

It has been a matter of doubt, whether the second syllable in Maria is to be pronounced long or short. The ancient Christian poets, with the exception of a few of the later ones, who lived when accent was beginning to be confounded with quantity, invariably make it short; custom, however, and association, are on the side of the received pronunciation. We have selected the following examples, arranged as nearly as possible in chronological order.

Prædixit Mariam, de qua flos exit in orbem.

Tertull. Lib. iv. adv. Marcion. 181.

Detulit ad Mariæ demissus virginis aures.

Juvencus de Hist. Evang. i. 52. Angelus affatur Mariam, quæ parca loquendi.

B. Ambrosii Disticha, 5. Ante pedes Mariæ, puerique crepundia parvi.

Prudent. contra Homuncionitas, 92. Conspexit Mariam, celeri procul incita gressu.

B. Paulinus de S. Joanne Baptista, 149.

Sic Evæ de stirpe sacra veniente Maria.

Sedulii Carm. Lib. ii. 30.

In this writer it is uniformly long, with one exception:
Quis fuit ille nitor Mariæ quum Christus ab alvo.

Tu Mariam sequeris, dono cui contigit alto.

Ib. 49.

Alcimi Lib. vi. 201.

Porta Maria Dei genitrix intacta creantis.

Aratoris Hist. Apostolic. i. 57.

sanctus te Spiritus, inquit,

Implebit, Maria, Christum paries sacra virgo.

Amani Enchirid. Novi Testamenti, 3.

Nomen honoratum benedicta Maria per ævum.

Venant. Fortunat. de Partu Virg. i. 229.

Claudian makes it short. Vid. de Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 11, 37, 119, 173, 251, &c. de Bello Gildon. 328. and in lyric poetry, Fescennin. iv. ult. So in the Apocryphal compositions printed with the works of Claudian, and ascribed by some to St. Damasus, by others with more probability to Claudianus Mamercus: Carmen Paschale, 1. Miracula Christi, 7. In the Greek Christian poets the name seldom occurs: the only authorities we have been able to discover are the following.

Καὶ Μαρίη δμώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο τοῦτο τελέσσαι.

Nonni Paraphr. Evang. S. Joann. Cap. ii. 23. And so throughout: see especially the account of the raising of Lazarus from the dead, in the 11th chapter.

ἐκ Μαρίης δὲ

Λευΐδης, Μαριὰμ γὰρ ἀφ ̓ αἵματος δεν ̓Ααρών.

S. Greg. Naz. Carm. xxxviii.

In our review of Mr. Landor's "Quæstiuncula," No. LIV. p. 329,' we announced an intention of noticing, in a future number of the Nuga, such of the criticisms interspersed throughout that work, as appeared to us worthy of remark.

P. 195. Fæsula juga," for "Fæsulana," in a fragment of Gray, to which Mr. L. objects, is sanctioned by the practice of the best writers. So Hor. Carm. Sæc. 47, "Romulæ genti" for "Romuleæ."

Mr. L. has not quite done justice to the Latin poems of Gray, which, unequal as they are, and notwithstanding occasional faults of diction and rhythm," are in many parts characterised by a chastised splendor, and an exquisite Latinity, which are almost perfect in their kind. In p. 223, Mr. L. cites Æn. ii. 53. "Insonuere cavæ gemitumque dedere cavernæ," as an instance of

* Our censures of Mr. L.'s "menda" (ibid.) and some of those on Mr. L.'s use of the tenses (LII. 229. sqq.) have since appeared to us without foundation.

2 Such as, “Quamdiu sudum explicuit Favonî;" "Claudis laborantem numeris; loca-" "Per invias rupes, fera per juga;" "Nare captantem-Mane quicquid de violis eundo Surripit aura;" which last we notice as a singular instance of an exquisite beauty cheaply purchased by a trifling irregularity.

tautology, through the common error of considering cava as a substantive. P. 227, in the line of Statius (not Claudian as Mr. L. quotes) "Et simulant fessos curvata cacumina somnos," fessos somnos implies, by a common figure, sleep superinduced by weariness. In the next page, on Æn. vi, 467,

Talibus Æneas ardentem et torva tuentem

Lenibat dictis animum, lacrymasque ciebat

Mr. L. observes, "Non lenibat animum, neque, etc. tum, id si dixerit poëta, dicto contradicit, qui adjicit "nec magis movetur quam cautes." But lenibat has here the force of "attempted to soothe.' Só Hom. Il. xix. 310.

Δοῖοι δ' Ατρείδαι μενέτην, καὶ δῖος Οδυσσεύς,

τέρποντες πυκινῶς ἀκαχήμενον· οὐδέ τι θυμῷ
τέρπετο, πρὶν πολέμου στόμα δύμεναι αἱματόεντος.

In this part our author proposes several new readings and ingenious explanations of Virgil: we shall only quote one: Georg. i. 22.

Quique novas alitis non ullo semine fruges.

Mr. L. reads non uno. The want of metre in the lines quoted

p. 237-8,

Mutare dominum domus hæc nescit suum.-Politian.

Aut vidisse urbes ipsum aut narrantibus illa.-Vida. may be removed by transposition. In the latter page a curious remark occurs: "Hic observandum est eum (Virgilium) ante omnes poëtas sive Græcos sive Romanos parcum esse adverbiorum." The lines quoted in page 245 from Joannes Campellus's poem on the battle of Lepanto,

Donec Naupacti faciet victoria famam,

Servent Octobres Venetorum annalia nonashave a parallel in the conclusion of Milton's juvenile epic on the Gunpowder Plot:

quintoque Novembris

Nulla dies toto occurrit celebratior anno.

We resist the temptation of extracting several of our author's remarks on passages in the ancient writers, and shall conclude with quoting two or three of the striking sentences scattered through his work.

"Videre ut puer, sentire ut vir, bonum oportet omnem poëtam." p. 236.

"Italorum est, in re poëtica ut in familiari, magnificentia quædam parsimoniæ." p. 244.

"Cur delectet aliquid multo gratius est quærere, quam illud quod propositum nostrum exigit, cur desinat delectare." p. 250.

ΒΟΙΩΤΟΣ.

From Southey's Madoc, Canto III.

['Tis pleasant, by the cheerful hearth, to hear, &c.]
Suave focum juxta 'st narratam audire procellam,
Ventorumque iras, vastique pericula ponti;
Dummodo nos media liceat revocare loquela,
Nosque malis ipsos, quæ audimus, cernere tutos:
Tum rursus narranti inhiare, haurireque casus
Terrificos, ipsoque frui sic posse timore.
At quum vera Noti vis ingruit, et niger uno
Vertitur agmine nimbus, et immensus ruit æther;
Quum vis cassa, artesque virum adgnoscuntur inanes;
Quum nibilum, quacunque oculos versere, videndum 'st
Salsa nisi spatia, aut qua mons præruptus aquaï
Suspensam in puppim jam jam lapsura, cadentique
Imminet adsimilis-terrores hostibus illos,
O Superi! neque enim, cui talia contigit olim
Exantlasse, feros si circum tecta procellæ
Audit forte sonos, memori non pectore totus
Horreat, et casus nautæ miseratur iniquos.

K.

ON THE PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT.

PART IV. [Continued from No. LVII.]

LET us examine if any facts can be gleaned from the story of Apis still farther to corroborate the main induction.

It appears then, first, that the Ox Apis was dedicated to Osiris or the sun, and the Cow Mnevis to the moon. was generated by celestial fire."

Apis

After his recognition he was placed in a vessel, magnificently adorned and richly carpeted,3 and carried to Nilopolis, where he was kept 40 days, a sacred number connected with the mysteries of fire, and sanctified afterwards by the Jews. He was thence conducted to Memphis, where he had a sumptuous palace, and the place where he lay was mystically called the Bridal chamber.4 This palace was close to the temple of Vulcan, and the cow, his dam, was kept on one of its sides.

'Ammianus Marcell. lib. xxii.

2

Pomp. Mela.
4 Thalamus.

3 A pictorial representation of this now exists.

His birth was annually celebrated for the space of 7 days, during which oxen were immolated. His natural death was not waited for; but when a certain stated period was come, he was drowned in the fountain of the priests: he was then embalmed in certain secret caverns, which no stranger ever approached, which the priests themselves never entered but on that occasion, and which belonged to an ANCIENT TEMPLE of SERAPIS at Memphis." To this temple there were two gates, called Lethe, death, and Cocytus, mourning, which being opened on this occasion yielded a harsh and jarring sound, similar to what the sublime Milton ascribes to the "gates of hell."3

2

I shall not go over my former reasonings; I leave their combination to my readers. I merely pause to observe that the facts I have recited standing solitary and naked, point with great precision to a Necropolis either beneath or attached to the Great Pyramid.

Let us proceed to the last strong circumstance of the storythe five-and-twenty years period of his life. Before Aseth, says Syncellus, the solar year contained only 360 days, who added five to make it complete: in his reign one calf was raised to the rank of the gods, and named Apis 4 (the measurer). The kings initiated in his mysteries were compelled to bear his yoke, and swear to the maintenance of the new Period.

Every scholar knows the tradition of these days being won with dice in hell. The story extended to Scandinavia; and among the Egyptians they were consecrated to the birth of the five great gods. The number five was particularly sacred. It was a symbol of Hecate and a second life; it was a powerful talisman in the mysteries of magic, and has descended to us in the sacred Pentalpha; it composed the famous period of silence. The number FIVE, multiplied by itself, is equal to the number of letters and the cycle of Apis.

Now it is a remarkable fact recorded by travellers, that the only Hieroglyphic within the pyramid is over the entrance to the central chamber, and is a symbol of Apis, a figure of five lines, or Pentaglyph. The same achitectural ornament on the cornice of the temple of Dendera, with the arabesque metopes between, seem to have suggested the Doric triglyphs. As these

1 Pausanias.

2 Plutarch.

3 "I have built my church upon a rock, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." St. John.

4 Api, measure; thence perhaps Apiker, bounds.

5 Fabricius Bibliothec. apud Savary.

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