EUROPE, June 10, 1889. struggle with Germany the French ship. The jewelry consists of a gold was inaugurated the monument to people feel that they ought to count girdle about the waist, a necklace of Giordono Bruno in the Piazzi di on the benevolent neutrality of pearls, ear-rings, finger rings, etc. Fiori, the very place where this Italy, and not to see her arrayed As is well known it was an ancient martyr of advanced thought was against herself. custom of the Romans when a burned to death February 1, 1600, promessa spousa, or betrothed nearly three centuries ago, by order maiden, died to bury a statuette of of the Papacy. Bruno was a learned Venus with her. In this case we man and a philosopher from_Nola, have an illustration of the heathen near Naples, who, when all Europe custom that prevailed in Rome two was stirred up by the Reformation, thousand years ago. became a convert to the doctrine J. H. WARD. that a man had a right to think for himself. He was eminently intellectual, and traveled, studied and wrote in the principal countries of Europe. He was a man of pure life, though his views were not such as the Protestants considered orthodox. For a long time there has been a pressure to erect a monument to his memory. The inauguration took place last Sunday, in presence of a vast assemblage of representatives from all parts of Italy, principally from the universities and workingmen's societies, and likewise delegates from other countries. The truth is that the foreign policy of the French Republic, during the last eighteen years has been one continuous blunder. After the disastrous war of 1870, those who guided the republic, had splendid cards in their hands, if they had known how to play them. The terms of peace imposed on France by Germany were exceedingly harsh, Of all noted modern Italians, and as a consequence of that harsh- Count Cavour seems to have united ness there was a general feeling of in his character the greatest number sympathy for France throughout of those virtues which characterized Europe. On the other hand Ger- that ancient noble Roman, Cinmany was regarded by her Furopean cinnatus. In many respects Cavour neighbors with intense suspicion; resembles Washingtou; and it is not for it was generally believed that astonishing that nearly all the great she meditated new conquests. She cities of United Italy are vieing was supposed to hanker after the with each other in erecting statues German provinces of Austria, after to commemorate his name. AlHolland and Belgium, and the though belonging to one of the German provinces of Russia. Had most noble of Piedmontese families, the foreign policy of France been in the Count in early life became a On the other hand, the Vatican good hands, nothing would have convert to liberal principles. With has been more than usually stirred been easier than to have formed a wonderful self-abnegation he sought up. The Pope in his late allocucoalition of European Powers not power nor place for himself, but tion spoke with more than usual against Germany. But the favor- to bring the weak and distracted bitterness of the intended monuable moment was allowed to slip fragments of Italy under the control ment, and it is said that his change away, and the spread of Ultra-radi- of a government alike beneficial to of apartments from his usual rooms calism in France convinced the Italy and respected by neighboring in the Vatican to a small house at greater part of Europe that more na ions. The story of his early the extreme end of the vast garwas to be feared from a French re- struggles is too well known to den west of the Papal palace, has publican propaganda, than from need repetition here. Denounced been made in order that he may be German ambition. at court as an “ignorant carbonaro” as far away as possible from the proIt is a peculiarity of the French (socialist), and even obliged to re- ceedings and rejoicings of the occaradical party, that they are always sign his commission in the army, sion. Orthodox Catholics were relooking about for offense and never yet he did not despair. In one of quested to absent themselves from seem to have quarrels enough on his letters, he writes: "Why should the celebration. The Pope issued their hands. The excitement about I abandon my country? What good an order commanding his guards to Italy had scarcely subsided before can I do my countrymen by so be ready for duty in their respective the astounding discovery is made doing? Woe to him who forsakes quarters, and Cardinal Rampolla, that Great Britain has insulted the land that gave him birth, and the papal minister of foreign affairs France by not allowing her ambas- who stigmatizes his brethren as un- notified the Catholic powers of sador to be present at the opening of deserving. For my part I am re- Europe that the Pope did not feel the Exhibition. No doubt, the ex-solved never to sever my lot from himself quite secure in the Vatican. cuses put forth by Lord Lytton for that of Italy. Happy or unhappy, The world at large does not take the non-appearance at the opening cere- my country shall have my whole same view of matters as his holiness, mony were exceedingly hollow; life." and the humorous journals are making all sorts of fun of the old gentleman. but it was known beforehand For a time Count Cavour spent On Sunday, June 9th, at Rome, Scarcely has King Humbert returned from Berlin before the announcement comes that the Shah of Persia lays siege to the generosities of Prince Bismarck and his royal pupil William. This is the third visit of the Shah to Berlin. The first time was in June, 1873; then he had a right royal reception. The next time, in 1878, his visit was made memorable by the attempt to assassinate the Emperor William I. It is to be hoped that this visit will pass off pleasantly without giving to the Orientals an example of the rude barbarisms of Europe. It is rather hard upon a man who claims to have never knowingly done harm to anyone to be Emperor of Russia. Not only is he bothered out of his life by the Nihilists with their bombs and poison, but likewise by his own police, who, if not calumniated, are certainly a disreputable lot. The Emperor can scarcely utter a word without everybody assuming a tragic attitude. For example, the other day the Emperor was making an after-dinner speech at the marriage of one of his distant relative to the daughter of the Prince of Montenegro, and in the course of SO on strike for a reduction of hours from 15 to 12. An attempt to run the cars was defeated by the strikers, who unhitched the horses. The bricklayers of Newcastle gave their employers six days' notice of a demand for an increase of wages, and the demand not being acceded to, they have come out on strike. his remarks said, "This girl's father ant seaside resorts, which are is my friend." Whereupon off common on this island. It is alrushed newspaper correspondents most impossible to pass through the to the telegraphs and telephones to streets, as they are so crowded by let the world know that the Em- the "folk fine of the country." The peror had said that the Prince of railway companies are all running Montenegro was his friend. This, cheap excursion trains to the variof course, implied that somebody ous cities, and the people are taking was his enemy, and the radicals advantage of them and crowding claim that means Bismarck, who, by the towns. Sunderland sands are The strike of the millers' operathe way, is too successful in life not alive with pleasure-seekers, Roker tives, under the auspices of the to have lots of enemies. The Rus- receiving the most attention. Whit Natinal Operative Millers' Associasian Minister Tolstoi at length Sunday is usually commemorated in tion, commenced today for а found it well to explain that the the Episcopal Church, special ser- reduction in the working hours Emperor of Russia only meant that vices being held on the occasion as to an average of nine a day. the Prince of Montenegro was an a rule, and if I am correctly informed amiable, and possibly might be a it is in commemoration of the day of useful man, although ruling over a Pentecost, when the Holy Ghost lot of the biggest blackguards in all was given to the Apostles in a creation. marvelous manner, after the ascen sion of Christ. The notice for an advance of wages in the South Staffordshire and East Worcestershire rivet trade expired on the 8th inst. The men demand an advance of 10 per cent. and contend that they are entitled to it on the ground of improved trade and the increased cost of fuel. The operatives threaten to strike if their application is not conceded. The miners of Northumberland have been holding large open-air By the way, a well authenticated story is going the rounds of the Possibly there is nothing in Engpapers here, which shows what an land that will make a missionary accident, as the world says, history think of home so much as a holiday. is after all. In 1841, Otto von Bis- He then sees the people, in gay atmarck visited the little watering tire enjoy the passing hours at the place of Mitterbad and became facin- sea-shore, in donkey-riding or ated with Josefa Holzner, the on the "switchback," dancing, meetings recently, and openly disdaughter of his host. Their affection swimming, listening to the cussed the present healthy condition was mutual and for a `time the lov-music and sailing on the of the coal trade. The following. ers artfully contrived to deceive the "placid waters of the sea," and significant resolution was passed at eyes and ears of the stern old parent. he thinks of Salt Lake, its buoyant a large meeting today: "That this When at length the parental con- waters, and the happy time he has meeting views with very great satissent was asked Bismarck was not a spent there, and for which place he faction the present almost unprecelittle surprised to receive an em- has grown fonder through absence. dented prosperity in the coal trade phatic No. Papa Holzner had no All the departments of trade today generally, and that especially in idea of giving his daughter to him. have cease their operations. Even Northumberland; and we therefore Bismarck left the next morning-- Parliament has suspended its duties consider the demands of our leaders to plunge into the cares of public for a while, and the "grand old for a 10 per cent, advance in wages life-and Josefa a few years later man" is "making hay while the sun as absolutely just and reasonable, became the wife of a subaltern offi- shines." and are prepared to enforce the same, cer at Salsberg, even if this involves the bringing of our gear to bank at the end of this month." This year has been an eventful The publication of the will of the one in political matters. The Irish late John Bright has caused public cause has been gaining ground attention to be directed to the sub-through Parnell's recent victory ject of plural marriage in a singular over the Times; and now the great manner. Mr. Bright's will was champion, Wm. Ewart Gladstone, written by himself and bears date of is taking a tour through the strongFebruary 29, 1888. In one clause holds of the unionists, in order to he says: "I desire to be buried in ventilate the all-important question the little graveyard attached to the of the day. Success to his noble efFriends' meeting-house at Roch- forts! He is now eighty years of dale, by the side of my dear wives-age, but full of fire, and on the 8th of her who was the light and joy of inst., in one of his speeches, he my home from 1839 to 1841, said that he intended, with the and by the side of her who was help of the Almighty, to remain yet my solace from 1847 to 1870, awhile in the struggle in which and whose removal cast a they were engaged." He feels that gloom over the last years of my he is fighting a winning battle. life." These words of Mr. Bright's With the struggle that still conhave awakened quite a lively dis- tinues in political circles, between cussion among the Friends, relative tories and liberals, unionists and radto the condition of the deceased and icals, the contest between capital and those who bore the relation of wife labor does not lag behind. A large to him, and notices of this have number of strikes are going on at been made in several of the Euro- the present time, and the prospects pean papers. This discussion has are that there will be more. It is brought out in bold relief the want sad to see the want of confidence of information of Bible teachings between man and man in this on this subject among many who are deemed well posted on almost any other subject. One editor admits that if the advocates of monogamy have no better arguments, or no better quotations from the Scriptures than those they have advanced, they had better have kept still. J. H. WARD. EUROPE, June 15th, 1889. IN ENGLAND. It is Whit Monday, a gala day in England, and the people here are all dressed in holiday attire, and can be seen flocking to the many pleas The Durham miners are agitating for a 20 per cent. advance and the abolition of the sliding scale. That the English miners have the sympathy of the Scotch is apparent from a resolution adopted at a conference of the Scotch miners held in Glasgow, expressing their determination to co-operate with the English miners in whatever action they might be prepared to take in the future. Newcastle is shortly to be favored by a visit from the Shah of Persia, who is about to take a tour through England and Scotland, and then to the Paris exhibition. The agitation over cremation in Middlesbrough has subsided. The people became so enraged at the city fathers for their proposed measure, that they were compelled to withdraw the resolution. There will be no crematorium in Middlesbrough some time. for England is fast leaving the old country, and it is becoming worse beaten tracks of its progenitors. daily. The sailors at many of the Sunday amusements are in strong ports are on strike; at several places demand. Bands in the public the seamen have been holding de- parks on the Sabbath day are bemonstrations, the dock laborers join- coming popular. The opening of ing in the procession. At Belfast, museums is also recommended. The Ireland, trade on the river has been churches wil soon have nothing to temporarily suspended, owing to 700 do. What with the public houses dock hands having joined the sail-open, the cheap excursions on the ors in the strike. Three thousand railways and on the steamboats, the laborers on the Clyde have also bands in the public parks, and the struck, and they demand a half- open museums, the sacred places penny an hour advance. At Leith about 700 men employed at the locks have refused to return to work until the demands of the seamen have been acceded to. At Cardiff the tramway men are will speedily become deserted. Political and socialistic meetings are very common in the large towns, and they have better audiences than the preachers of things heavenly. J. H. In the old Norse regions they tell A glacier swept a parish away And buried it under the snow. Only the night saw the horror, VOL. XXXIX. Shortly after leaving Jerusalem Lehi said unto his son Nephi: UNDER THE ICE AND SNOW. the mind almost spontaneous-broke his bow, and it would seem ly reverts to the beautiful that this was the only, or principal and touching story of his illus- means they had of supplying themtrious progenitor Joseph, the first- selves with game. born of Rachael. Both were remarkable for their piety and exememplary virtues; both were victims "The Lord hath commanded me of the cruel jealousy and unjust that thou and thy brethren shall repersecutions of their nearest turn to Jerusalem. For behold, relations being hated and wor- Laban hath the record of the Jews, and also a genealogy of thy foreshiped by turns. Both devoted fathers; and they are engraven upon their lives and sacrificed their self-plates of brass. Wherefore the Lord interest for the temporal salva- bath commanded me that thou and tion of their father's house; and thy brothers should go unto the both became rulers over their breth-house of Laban and seek the records, and bring them down hither ren, and even their parents did into the wilderness." I Nephi iii, And when the morning was come, Rests the lifeless, wintry chill. In vain the sun of summer would melt O friend beloved, the dreams so bright Tou hed by the spring brook's flow, them reverence. Although Lehi was the nominal head an leader of the Jerusalem pilgrims, the sturdy young chieftain, through his humility and zeal in the work required of his family, rose rapidly in favor with the Lord, and became the guiding spirit and indefatigable leader of the company. From very early life Nephi was moved by powerful religious feel GREAT MEN OF ANCIENT AMERICA. ings, a yearning after righteousness, NEPHI. 2-4. The importance of this divine command will be apparent when it is understood that these brass plates contained: "The five books of Moses, which gave an account of the creation of the world, and also of Adam and Eve, who were our first parents; and also a record of the Jews from the beginning, even down to the commencement of the reign of Zedekiah, king of Judah; and also the prophecies of the holy prophets, from the beginning, even down to the commencement of the reign of Zedekiah; and also many prophecies which have been spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah." I Nephi V: 11-13. and a desire to know the mysteries of God." He humbled himself and Nephi was the fourth son prayed earnestly for personal comof Lehi; his birth place was munication with the Lord, and he Jerusalem, and he was the had the privilege of beholding last son born to that patriarch many great and marvelous visions, The only records of a sacred or previous to the family leaving their and receiving many tokens of favor inspired character then known to native city. He is one of the most and approbation. From the first he exist upon the continent of America illustrious characters of the Book of entered into the spirit of his father's were the twenty-four plates of gold, Mormon and of ancient America, mission, and with enthusiastic ef- found by the people of Lemhi and to his skill in the art of picture fort devoted to it his whole life. among the Jaredite ruins at Zarawriting, and his faithful and zealous The greater part of the company hemla. See Mosiah, chapter viii. la bors as an inspired historian, we did not favor the breaking up of These records contained the Book are indebted for an account of their homes, and moving out into of Ether, and an account of the Lehi's exodus, and annals of the the desert; and like the Israelites creation of the world, and other colony for fifty-five years, from the they murmured and complained, sacred history similar to that contime that Lehi left Jerusalem. Ja- and oftentimes used active opposi- tained in the old Testament down to cobi: 1-12. tion against taking the journey. the time of the building of the Nephi was the choicest flower of They could not be expected to labor Tower of Babel. Ether i: 1-4. his family. In reading his simple with any degree of zeal for its suc- But no further knowledge of God, biography and observing the re- cess. Nephi, therefore, was hunter or His dealings with the children of markable incidents and thrilling and general provider for the camp. men existed upon the American experiences of his eventful career, While hunting Nephi accidently continent. Obedient to the will of the Lord, Nephi, and his brothers Laman and Lemuel, undertook the hazardous task of obtaining this treasure from the hands of its custodian. Laban is described as "a mighty man." He was a military commander, and a valiant warrior. 1 Nephi iii: 31, iv: 1. The first attempt of the young man to get the records failed. When they reached the neighborhood of the house, they decided by lot which of them should go in, and Laman was indicated as The young man told his story and made his request in respectful language, but Laban grew furious and ireful, called him a robber and chased him away, threatening to kill him. the one. The brothers then went to the house where they had left their wealth. And they gathered together their gold, and silver, and precious things "And it came to pass that we went in unto Laban, and desired him that he would give unto us the records which were engraven upon the plates of brass, for which we would give unto him our gold, and our silver, and our precious things. And it came to pass that when Laban saw our property, and that it was exceedingly great, he did lust after it, insomuth that he thrust us out and sert his servants to slay us, that he might obtain our property. And it came to pass we did flee before the servants of Laban, and we were obliged to leave behind our property, and it fell into the hands of Laban: 1 Nep. iii, 24-26. of being out at night with some, and mandates of his fellow men is saw that the blade thereof was of and I shrunk and would that I All Christians, to be consistent, must give the priority of allegance to the Almighty. "Yes," say they, "God's comm.nds must be obeyed in preference to man's; but how are we to know that God does command?" Thus doubt, as a bottomless gulf, cuts off the possibility of obedience. Many people are as honest in their doubting as they are sistency. "I beheld a man, and he had fallen to the earth before me, for he was drunken with wine. And when I came to him I found that it was Laban. And I beheld his sword, and I drew it forth from the sheath thereof, and the hilt thereof was of pure gold, and the workmanship thereof was exceeding fine. And I the most precious steel. And it in their faith. It seems to be came to pass that I was constrained simply a matter of faith and infidelby the Spirit to kill Laban; but I ity. The believer will obey God in said in my heart, never at any preference to man, and this is contime have I shed the blood of man, The sceptic will make the laws of man his supreme rule of conduct; hence the deadly conflict. If the believer, in obeying the voice of inspiration offends against manmade laws, he must abide the consequences, and answer to man for his rebellion; but he will surely And it came to pass that the reap the reward of his obedience to Spirit said unto me, Slay him, for the Almighty. But the unbeliever, the Lord hath delivered him into while he enjoys the favor of his felthy hands. Behold the Lord slay- low man must answer to God, not eth the wicked to bring forth His only for his rebellion against his righteous purposes. It is better that one man should perish than that a Maker, but for his unjust treatment nation should dwindle and perish in of His loyal subjects. The fatal unbelief. And now, when I, Nephi, delusion of the age is that God has had heard these words, I remem-ceased forevermore to speak to man. bered the words of the Lord which He spake unto me in the wilderness, saying, that inasmuch as thy seed shall keep my commandments, they shall prosper in the land of promise. Yea, and I also thought that they could not keep the commandments of the Lord according to the law of Moses, save they have the law. And I also knew that the law was engraven upon the plates of brass. And again I knew that the Lord had delivered Laban into my hands for this cause, that I might obtain the records according to his commandments. Therefore I did Undoubtedly this man disbelieved obey the voice of the Spirit, and the plea of the young messengers, took Laban by the hair of the head that the Lord had sent him upon and I smote off his head with his this errand; or, like Pharoah, he own sword."—I Nephi iv: 7-18. disregarded the divine command. Some, who have not given the He might have framed plausible subject careful attention, have excuses for retaining possession of doubted whether Nephi was justithe plates, but he took wicked and criminal measures to retain them. He exhibited the qualities of the robber and the murderer. Laman and Lemuel became discouraged at these failures, and desired to abandon the effort to obtain the record; but Nephi braved their opposition and ill-treatment, and after some delay determined to go and face the formidable Laban, singly, and make a final effort to obtain the object of their mission. Nephi chose the darkness of night for his visit to the house of Laban for the purpose of inducing him to give up the records. It was probably a late hour of the night, as all but the night watchers had retired to rest, and stillness reigned in the city. We learn from 1 Nep. iv:22, that Laban was in the habit fied in taking the life of Laban. The question as to how far men There is, as it were, an universal spiritual deafness. The Lord might send the most important messages, and threaten the direst judgments, while m n, cursed with this fearful insensibility, will go down to des truction. Nephi, having got possession of the records, secured to a mighty race the knowledge of the true God, and thus conferred upon his fellow men the greatest boon that it is in the power of mortals to bequeath. He now devoted the full energies of his forceful character to the great work before him. The wanderings of the pilgrims in the wilderness lasted through eight weary years. In the early part of their travels they were joined by an Israelitish family, the head of which was called Ishmael. This family, whose descendants for many generations were called Ishmaelites, consisted of the patriarch, his wife, two sons and five daughters. The sons were married and had families. I Nephi vii: 1-6. Nephi and his three brothers, and Zoram, the servant of Laban, each took one of the daughters of Ishmael to wife; thus the company at the outset numbered 16 adult persons, I Nephi 16: 7. Lehi had two sons, Jacob and Joseph, born to him in the desert; and it is very likely that the company was considerably augmented by the natural law of increase before they reached the shore of America. The care of conducting this mixed and inexperienced company days' journey from Jurusalem, Lehi some of these sentient works of art: "And it came to pass that as my father arose in the morning, and went forth to the tent door, to his We learn further from I Nep., xvi: 28-30: through the adventures and hard-great astonishment he beheld upon phi, beheld the pointers which were the ground a round ball of curious "And it came to pass that I, Nein the ball, that they did work according to the faith and diligence, and heed which we did give unto them. And there was also written upon them a new writing, which was plain to be read, which did give us understanding concerning the ways of the Lord, and it was written and changed from time to time, according to the faith and diligence which we gave unto it. did go forth into the top of the And it came to pass that I, Nephi, mountain, according to the directions which were given upon the ball." * * * Not only did the responsibility of ships of an eastern desert desolved almost solely upon the heroic Nephi. This journey from the capital of Palestine to the Chilian shore of the New World, considered in all its unique and romantic aspects, has few if any parallels in history, and the successful and clever lead- It was by the aid of this instruership of the youthful Prophet has ment, which is called "the comseldom been rivaled in the cam- pass," I Nephi xvifi:12, that the paigns or adventurous exploits of company was led through the wilds recorded heroism. Like Abraham of the desert, and across the trackhe started out in search of an un- less expanse of the Pacific ocean. It known country, having faith alone was a wonderful and most precious as a guiding star. He had to do gift. It was an agent of strange and procuring food for the company dewith a rebellious and wayward band remarkable power and properties. volve largely upon the indefatigof men, irritable women, and fretful Although described as a ball of able Nephi, but he had also to supchildren; he had to lead them brass, this metallic mystery mani-ply spiritual sustenance-courage, through trackless and savage wastes fested an intelligent acumen; and hope and patience to every soul; for with no warrant of control save the emitted flashes of intelligence, as even the patience of the stout patriforce and majesty of superior intel- though the brazen sphere contained arch Lehi, was tried to its utmost tension. ligence to command their obedi- a human brain, and its rational Nephi thus briefly, but ence. He had to meet unreasoning scintillations were with touching pathos, speaks of his from organic petulence and murmurs, born of faculties. experience: fatigues and the wearing frictions This interesting object belonged "And we did travel and wade of a new nomadic life. He was to the same class of physical instru-through much affliction in the wilguard, hunter and general provider ments as the Urim and Thummim; for the sustenance of the camp. He the breast-plate worn by the Jewish must create resources and invent high priests; the Ark of the Coveexpedients from the elements, and nant and its sacred contents; the draw supplies, suited to stalwart wonder-working rod of Moses, and men, delicate women and nursing other agents of supernatural power, babes from the precarious fruits of belonging to the science of celestial the sandy plains, and the chances theology, and used only by the holy of the chase. He was not furnished Priesthood. All these divinely in derness. And our women did bear children in the wilderness. And so great were the blessings of the Lord upon us, that while we did live upon raw meat in the wilderness, for their children, and were strong, our women did give plenty of suck like unto men; and they began to bear their journeyings without murmurings." I Nep., xvii: 1, 2. From the start, Nephi was the with a "base of supplies." No spired agents were utterly inert and practical leader of the pilgrims. interested government opened its useless, as the engine without steam, He was the target at which were treasury; no company, ambitious unless operated by the subtle force aimed the arrows of their spiteful for fame and reward, offered him a of faith in God. It was the handi-ire, from disappointment, vexation princely outfit. If he needs a ship, work of an ancient order of crafts- and hardship. To his charge was he must build it. If he needs stores men, who wrought by Divine aulaid the responsibility of every accifor the voyage he must collect them. thority, and the inspiration of the dent or calamity. He had to bear If he needs apparatus and instru- Holy Ghost. the brunt of every peevish murmur, ments, he must invent and Those illustrious colleges have dis- petty quarrel and fierce opposition manufacture them, or get them by appeared in the remote past; and and rebellion. Nephi's faith and faith from the Lord. It should be their occult and grand contrivances Wonderful fortitude were the only remembered too that in all his la- have perished with the priestly aubulwarks that did not yield to the bors and struggles many of the com-thority to which they appertained. raging tempests of physical and pany opposed him bitterly, so that Sages, whose natures had put on spiritual troubles; but his faith never he had to induce them to labor immortality, trod. their high courts wavered; and his indomitable couragainst this inclination; they did and halls of science. In their age gave him the victory over every the work too without pay, believing schools, terrestrial science harmo- malignant foe. it to be worse than useless. After tarrying for a time a few nized with celestial laws, and earth- In writing afterwards of the cruel "Nevertheless, I did look unto |