3 and their immediate wants supplied. They were also told that if they required food or help, they should receive it, and the months of their stay passed away without any molestation or trouble from them. We have observed with deep regret the causes for just complaint made by several of the tribes in relation to the treaties made by government, and broken, as the convenience of the increasing population of the whites seemed to demand. We can but sincerely hope that the threatened difficulties with these poor ignorant people may be averted by the wise legislation in which their rights may be respected, and they may be made to feel that the government is their friend and not their enemy. DIED, at his residence at Rider's Mills, Columbia Co., N. Y., on the 2d of Eighth month, 1866, from the effects of paralysis, JONATHAN RIDER, aged 86 years; a member of Chatham Monthly Meeting. at Roseville, Placer Co., California, on the 27th of First month, 1867, JOHN EVENS, aged 49 years. He was a native of Baltimore, Md., but removed with his father and mother, Edmund and Elizabeth Evens, to Richmond, Ind., where, in 1839, he married Mary, daughter of Oliver Kinsey. In 1843 he buried his wife and three children within three months. In 1849 he migrated to California. For a year past his health has been declining, although he was confined to the house but ten days. His close was peaceful and happy. on Fifth-day morning, Third mo. 21st, 1867, CHARLES PALMER, son of David Palmer, of Lower Makefield Township, Bucks Co., Pa., in his 33d year. -, on the 26th of Third month, 1867, at the residence of his brother-in-law, Chas. W. Reeve, near Georgetown, N. J., DARLING CON ROW HANCOCK, Bon of the late Biddle Hancock, aged 30 years; a member of Green St. Monthly Meeting. -, in Philadelphia, on the 26th of Third month, 1867, BENJAMIN A. SHOEMAKER, of Long Branch, N.J., aged 57 years. on the 20th of Third month, 1867, ELIZA, daughter of the late Isaac and Ann Thomas; an attender of Germantown Meeting. Friends' Fuel Association for the Poor will hold their final meeting this season this (Seventh-day) evening, at 8 o'clock. Jos. M. TRUMAN, Clerk. It is related of a well-known divine, that, when on his deathbed, he was dictating words to an amanuensis, who had written: "I am still in the land of the living." "Stop!" said the dying man," correct that. Say: "I am yet in the land of the dying, but hope soon to be in the land of the living!" Beautiful thought! and it is so. In his closing scene, the Christian is enabled to contrast this passing, dying world with that "which is to come." The Commencement of the Female Medical College took place on the 16th inst., and the degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred upon ten graduates. The Valedictory Address was delivered by Mary J. Scarlett, M. D. The following is an extract from it : A physician's life is not one of ease; no weather is too inclement, no night too dark for the calls of the sick to reach the medical adviser. The warm fireside must be forsaken; the night's wonted repose changed to toil, that reaved friends feel that all human skill which the sufferer may receive timely aid or the bethey could command had been exerted. Nor is this all. The time spent in visiting the sick is only a portion of that required to be laboriously occupied. Thought, reflection, research, deep and long continued, into the causes of disease and the requisite treatment, belong to the works of the physician. However pleasant this work may be, it requires mental and physical endurance. It is not enough simply to read what is published. The reading and investigation must be so methodical as to make what is appropriated blend with one's own thoughts, and become as it were a part of our own mentality, that it may be available when needed. The change in public opinion in regard to the capability of woman to practice medicine has been so great within the last few years that you will have far less prejudice and opposition to encounter than those had who have gone before you. Still these yet exist in some degree, and they can only be effectually overcome by those who become members of the profession, by possessing the ability to meet exigencies, and to discharge devolving duties in a calm, dignified, and skilful manner. Progression is the law of the universe. Suddenly the world is startled by some unexpected innovation. Silently the elements of revolution have been at work; silently, but not sectionally. The causes of progressive development permeate society; a reformation in religion takes place. It is not confined to one section-the people are ripe for its adoption. We live in an age when the right to labor in our own way is not denied us when new ave nues of usefulness are continually being opened to us when our God-given, physical, mental, and moral powers may be expanded under the benign influence of active and ennobling work. Work is the great reformer-idleness the tempter to vice and immorality. The day for discussing the propriety of women attending to other than household duties has passed. We would not advocate a position for woman that would in the slightest degree re move her from the home throne. The family circle is the sanctuary in which life is most re freshed and refreshing. A great need is felt in society-in all classes of society-of competent medical advisers of the same sex. It is among the most sensitive, pure and refined, whether rich or poor, that your professional skill will be brought most into. requisition. It is in answer to the demand made by suffering women that you are here today. Your own innate sense of what belongs to the profession will teach you that it is not by following the example of a few women who have unfortunately taken erratic means to make themselves a name in the world that you will best serve the cause in which you have enlisted. Be true, modest, unpretending women, and if you possess skill, as we believe you do, there will be no need of pretentious display-your good works will speak in deep tones for you. That you will be so clothed with the attributes of refined womanhood, that whether you enter the palaces of the wealthy, the comfortable homes of those in what is considered the middle ranks of life, or the hovel of the indigent, you will dignify the profession you have chosen, we are assured. That skill, tenderness, and compassion will not be governed by monetary considerations, we are also convinced. This institution has been in progress for seventeen years, and has, from year to year, given evidence of increasing popularity. During the past session, forty-four students have attended, and among these are ladies of great promise. Attached to the building is the Women's Hospital, in which thousands are treated annually, and which affords clinical advantages to the students. For Friends' Intelligencer. NO. VI. It is not intended in the present number to go into the details for each school under the care of Friends, but simply to present the aggregate number under instruction, adding some other little matters of interest. Fourteen out of the sixteen schools were reported last month. These fourteen schools enrol 744 pupils, of whom 585 read and 632 write, while 585 are between 6 and 16 years of age, with only 23 of the entire number in the alphabet. All the teachers write very encouragingly about their schools, and from all we can learn, they are highly prosperous. Very creditable specimens of the penmanship of some of the pupils sometimes accompany the reports, usually with the assurance of the teachers that the composition and execution is all their own, without any assistance whatever, and often with the information that a few short months previously they did not know one letter from an other. A few quotations will be given the first from a letter addressed to the Association by D. Webster Minor, a pupil of Sarah Ann Steer, at Waterford, Va., who states the writer brought it to her, and that she forwards it without any correction: [Quotations in this, as in every other case that may follow, given "verbatim et literatim."] "Most high and benevolent friends "We take this oppertunity to return our thanks to you for your meney favors which you have bestowed upon us a poor downtr'den race, but we thank the grate God who is the rular of all things for having broke the chnes of bondage and set the prisener free. We hav sum good friends here and we are happy to think that our dear friends of the north hav not forgoten us, for we know not what would have becom of of us, if you had forgoten us. You hav sent your dearly beloved and faithful teachers among us, and tha are dewing us grat good by their good examples and advice. Tha have left their pleasant homes to com amongst us to instruct us, and we will dew all in our power to make their labors easy and agreeable. The valuable books which you hav sent to us are instructive messengers to our uncultivated minds. thank you again for the clothen we hav received, also the money that we received to help on with our church which whould hav been nearer don than it is had it not been for the hard whinter. Wo "We hav a great meney triels with our enemys but we do not mind the slurs tha are constantly throwing at us. We hav had verry good belth with us. The heard whinter has been verry much against us but I think with the help of the Lord we may get through." Another letter addressed to the Association is equally expressive: "Dear Friends-We feel as if we would like to answer your kind letter which we received from you, and we also thank you for the valuable boxes, and we feel that they have been of grate value to us. And we also thank you for the monney we have received from you towards our school house, and the presants for our children. And we thank our Heavenly Father, and you also. We feel that we are not able to express our thanks to you. "You tell us we must love the beauties of nature: It hurries my mind back to the hours when our land were rapted in ware, and truble and sorrow. Grass and flowers all denotes that God is love, and when I hear the robben, lark, & dove warble prays to their maker above; membry [memory] seams to say all is right, but the heart of man. And [we] feel that we are greatly indebted to our kind and patiencent teacher; guring the cold winter no weather dident prevent her presants from the school. We hope you will make allowance for this badly composed letter. 2 ་ 2 &o. "Written on behalf of the colored people," | map of North America, drawn at home, without Some of the signatures to this letter might well put the blush on many of the pupils of our northern schools. A portion of the pupils of Mary McBride, av Fairfax Court-House, forward the following: "To the Philadelphia Association of Friends:" "Ladies and Gentlemen-In the name of the pupils of the colored school of Fairfax C. H. we the undersigned bog leave to thank you for your kindness to us, not only in sending the clothing and gifts, but also in provending us a teacher, books, &c., for a school. We can simply say "thank you," and endeavor by our future behavior and improvement to prove that "actions speak louder than words." The above was signed by twenty-one of the pupils, the teacher pencilling the ages opposite each name. Their ages range from 8 to 16 years the writer of the address being only thirteen. The quotation marks are just as the manuscript gives them. Sarah E. Lloyd, at Woodlawn, also sends a Dumber of specimens, one of which reads: "I will learn my lesson well-it is a grate thing to learn to write and read. I love to go to school and learn my lesson, and I love to tell the truth." (Signed) HARRIETT JORDON. Another of her pupils, after an attendance of only eleven days, writes, very creditably, with a lead pencil, "God can see you-man may not see you, but God can.” (Signed) FRANCIS BUtler. Some of the pupils of Mary K. Brosius, at "We thank you for being so kind as to think of us, and sending us clothing, and also a teacher which we all love. We will try and repay you in our good works, as this is the only way we can shew our gratitude to our kind friends. And we also thank our blessed Lord for givin us sach kind friends; we would love to see you dear faces, but if we never meet in this world I pray that we may meet in heaven, and I will try and remember my dear friends in my prayers." Yours respectfully FANNY DENNY. Then follow the signatures of seven others, one of whom is only five years old. A number of examples in Arithmetic have also been forwarded by Caroline Thomas, of Leesburg, Va., comprising Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division, accompanied in some instances with proofs of their results which are really wonderful; some of them involving over forty, and some over fifty figures in their execution. One of the teachers sent a very pretty colored any instruction, and without her knowledge, until brought to her as a surprise. Much more of like character with the above compilation might be introduced, but enough. has been given, coming as they do from various localities, to show the gratitude of those for whom we are laboring, as well as their satisfactory advancement. At the same time we must not forget how much we and they are indebted to the faithfulness of our teachers for these evidences of success. It may be well to add that another letter has been received, from Susan H. Clark, at Fortress Monroe, gratefully acknowledging our second donation of clothing, as well as the money forwarded, (from individual contributions). Both came very opportunely, and her details of their distribution are full of interest. Philada., 3d mo., 1867. J. M. E. WOMAN. Is it not strange, after all the Bible says of woman and women, ladies should be preferred by many of her sex. "She shall be called woman," is the very first intimation that we have of her name. We read of the gentle, loving Ruth, the queenly Esther, and Elizabeth, the mother of John, all as women, and she who was the most exalted of all, Mary, the mother of Jesus. If lady had been a superior title, or something equivalent to it, it surely would have been conferred upon her. True, she was poor, the wife of a carpenter, her babe was born in a manger, yet the angels rejoiced, and the morning stars sang together, as she (a woman) held the child in her arms. Who bathed the Saviour's feet with her tears, and followed Him to the cross and tomb, and received the first blessing of the risen Lord? Woman. Ever kind and compassionate, the very name seems to breathe of love and adoration. In all ages noble, heroic women were the mothers of true, brave men. Our grandmothers and great-grandmothers were all women; they loved their husbands, taught their children and made home happy; their sons grew up and called them blessed. The words, woman, mother and home, form the golden links that keep society together; there seems a comfort in each word, but the word lady brings to our mind's eye sickly children, little graves, a disorderly house, and a bankrupt husband. It is this love of show that is ruining the American people; we want women, good and true, to preside over the homes of their husbands and children, to fil the places that God intended them to fill, directing the minds of sons and daughters to future usefulness for themselves and fellow creatures. The perpetuity and greatness of nations depend on the high moral culture of the women. "Glory to God in the highest, and on Earth Peace, Good will to men." "Two mighty lands have shaken hands Across the deep wide sea; The world looks forward with new hope For, from our rocky headlands, Unto the distant West, Have sped the messages of love From kind old England's breast. And from America to us Hath come the glad reply, "We greet you from our heart of hearts, As steadfast as Monadnoc's cliffs, Henceforth the East and West are bound And, as to Noah's ark there came The olive-bearing dove, So does this ocean telegraph, This marvel of our day, Give hopeful promise that the tide No more, as in the days of yore, No longer oceans sunder wide The human heart from heart; To do his errands o'er the land, And underneath the wave. Stretch on, still on, thou wondrous wire, Of all the mighty works of man, On thee bright-eyed and joyous Peace Nor quench the swift-winged fire Long may'st thou bear the messages For thou art truly but a gift By the All-bounteous given; From "Greece, Ancient and Modern." RURAL LIFE OF GREECE. The idea of Greece usually entertained is that of a country of heroes, poets, artists, and philosophers; and in truth, the great significance of Hellas in the history of man is embodied in the individuals belonging to these illustrious classes of her sons. Yet the common life of man was lived there as well as by us. Through the openings of the splendid curtain which presents itself to our vision as the true picture of Hellas, we catch glimpses of familiar scenes of the toil for daily bread, of the vulgar wauts of humanity. The life of Greece was not all heroism, romance, poetry, and art. It rested, as life everywhere rests, on the bosom of the common Mother Earth. If the Greeks were pre-eminently a nation of poets and artists, they were no less pre-eminently a nation of farmers. They understood the theory and the practice of agriculture, though some of the sciences now deemed important to the best cultivation of the earth were wholly unknown to them. In Homer we find lovely sketches of the primitive country life, and the rural tastes and Hesihabits of the most eminent personages. od's Works and Days is chiefly devoted to the rustic lore which experience had taught to the cultivators of the earth in his age, both with respect to the virtues of industry, temperance and thrift, and to the practical methods of husbandry. The precepts seem to have been drawn in a great measure from the poet's own experience. He was a Boeotian farmer, and, like the farmers of New England, had a great amount of proverbial philosophy at his tongue's end. The early Greek agriculturists carefully observed the phenomena of the heavens, and knew all about the weather. The habits of the animals; the flight of birds, according to the season; a knowledge of the properties of different soils, and their adaptation to different kinds of crops; the method of discovering springswere among the subjects of their practical observation and study; and their skill in them would surprise those who think that sense and observation are of modern growth. Wagons, carts, ploughs, and harrows were generally manufactured on the farm, if it was a large one, or in its neighborhood, by smiths and carpen ters; and the kinds of wood chosen for these purposes were determined with much care. Corn was ground, first, in a large mortar, with The minds that thought, the bands that wrought, a pestle. The list of other implements-scythes, Were all bestowed by Heaven." Prayer is nothing but the breathing that out before the Lord that was breathed into us by the spirit of the Lord. pruning-hooks, saws, spades, shovels, rakes, was perfectly understood and largely verified | As reapers each to the other opposite in hand. Some strew in lines, as on they press, the handfuls thick behind, While at their heels the heavy sheaves their merry comrades bind. These to the mows a troop of boys next bear in early as the time of Homer winnowing machines were used. The whole process is described by him in one of those similes which are finished off like elaborate pictures. The granaries were prepared with the utmost care; and when the fruits of the season were housed the event was celebrated by a festival in honor of Demeter and Dionysos, of which the distinguishing feature was that no bloody sacrifices were offered, but only cakes and fruit-fine loaves made of the new corn being among the offerings at the festival of the Thyalysia. The vintage was a season of great rejoicing, as it is everywhere. In Greece it was particularly memorable on account of its connection with the origin of tragedy and comedy. A considerable portion of the grapes was reserved and kept fresh, or converted into raisins for the use of the table. It would be endless to describe the variety of fruits, and the methods of raising and preserv ing them practiced by the Greeks. The olive was perhaps the most extensively used, as the oil was not only employed for lights, but was the basis of cookery. Figs, citrons, pomegranates, apples, quinces, and pears were among the principal; and from apples and pears large quantities of cider and perry were manufactured. The farm-yard had a multitude of noisy tenants. Geese and ducks often waddled into the the comforting sounds of the occupant of the kitchen, in one corner of which might be heard pig-sty. The art of enlarging the goose's liver to please the fastidious appetite of the gourmand, by cooping him up in a heated room and not left for German gastronomers to invent, but stuffing him with fattening food and drink, was was well known to the Greeks, and to the Egyptians before them. Henneries, furnished with roosts, were attached to the kitchen, so as to receive its smoke, which was supposed to be agreeable to barn-door fowls. Peacocks, pheasants, guinea-hens, partridges, quails, moor-hens, thrushes, pigeons in immense numbers, many A mighty ox beneath an oak the busy heralds slay, smaller birds, and even jackdaws, were found With grateful sacrifice to close the labors of the day.in the establishments of the wealthier farmers. While near, the husbandman's repast the rustic maids prepare, Sprickling with flour the broiling cakes whose savor haste away, And pile upon the golden glebe the triumphs of the king appears, years. fills the air. The curious scenes in the Birds of Aristophanes show the great familiarity of that poct with the habits and character of every known species of bird. The grain was trodden out from the straw by horses, oxen, or mules, on a circular threshing- The laboring animals were much the same as floor, usually placed on an eminence in the open in modern times, except that the horse was less field. A pole was set up in the centre of the commonly employed in the work of a farm. floor, and the cattle were fastened to it by a Oxen were used as now. The arrangements of rope reaching to the circumference. As they a Greek dairy were not unlike our own, and moved round it the rope coiled itself about the though butter was not much used in the classipole until they were brought up at the centre; cal ages, it is mentioned by Hippocrates, under then their heads were turned in the opposite the name of pikerion. Cheese was universally direction until the cord was unwound. Some-eaten, generally while fresh and soft, Milk was times a rude threshing-machine, toothed with sold in the Grecian markets by women; and it stodes or iron, or a fail, was employed. As frequently reached the customer in the shape |