in defiance of his mother's. I saw the tears of fond and appreciative love gather in his eyes as he said, "My mother was a woman of good judgment, and I love to think how she made me obey her."-Late Paper. EARLY RISING. no advantage to pull them out of bed as soon as their eyes open, nor is it best for the studious or even for the well who have passed an unusually fatiguing day, to jump out of bed the moment they wake up; let them remain without going to sleep again until the sense of weariness passes from their limbs. Nature abhors two things; violence and a vacuum. The sun Health and long life are almost universally does not break out at once into the glare of the associated with early rising; and we are pointed meridian. The diurnal flowers unfold themto countless old people as evidences of its good selves by slow degrees; nor fleetest beast, nor effects on the general system. Can any one sprightliest bird, leaps at once from his restingof our readers, on the spur of the moment, give place. By all which we mean to say, that as a good, conclusive reason why health should be no physiological truth is more demonstrable attributed to this habit? We know that old than that as the brain, and with it the whole people get up early, but it is simply because nervous system, is recuperated by sleep, it is of they can't sleep. Moderate old age does the first importance, as to the well-being of the not require much sleep. Hence, in the aged, early human system, that it have its fullest measure rising is a necessity or convenience, and is not of it; and to that end, the habit of retiring to a cause of health in itself. There is a larger bed early should be made imperative on all class of early risers, very early risers, who may children, and no ordinary event should be albe truly said not to have a day's health in alowed to interfere with it. Its moral healthfulyear-the thirsty folks, for example, who drink liquor until midnight and rise early to get more. One of our earliest recollections is that of "old smokers" making their "devious way" to the grog shop or tavern bar room, before sunrise, for their morning grog. Early rising, to be beneficial, must have two concomitants: to retire early, and, on rising, to be properly employed. One of the most eminent divines in this country rose by daylight for many years, and at the end of that time became an invalid, has travelled the world over for health, and has never regained it, and never will. It is rather an early retiring that does the good, by keeping people out of those mischievous practices which darkness favors, and which need not here be more particularly referred to. ness is not less important than its physical. From Chambers's Journal. THE OPEN POLAR Sea. (Concluded from page 368.) With extreme difficulty, they got into a little bay, they christened Port Foulke (after the chief promoter of the expedition), and there determined to winter. Everybody is acquainted with the manner of making things snug in an arctic harbor: the roofing in of the deck; the clearing out of the hold (as being the warmest place for the men to live in); and the conveying the cargo on shore. The peculiarity of the present case was the extraordinary number of live-stock in the shape of Esquimaux dogs; there were no less than thirty of these magnificent wild beasts on board (purchased at a great Another important advantage of retiring price on account of a canine disease then preearly is, that the intense stillness of midnight valent, which made them scarce at various and the early morning hours favors that unbro- native stations along the coast), and it may be ken repose which is the all-powerful renovator imagined how pleasant it was to house them in of the tired system. Without, then, the accom- the snow-wall built round the ship, and get paniment of retiring early, "early rising" is their room instead of their company. The exworse than useless, and is positively mischiev-pedition thus possessed no less than three firstous. Every person should be allowed to "have rate "teams." Dr. Hayes himself had what his sleep out;" otherwise, the duties of the day he justly entitles "a respectable turn-out"cannot be properly performed, and will be neces-twelve dogs and a fine sledge. "The animals sarily slighted, even by the most conscientious To all young persons, to students, to the sedentary, and to invalids, the fullest sleep that the system will take without artificial means, is the balm of life-without it there can be no restoration to health and activity again. Never wake up the sick or infirm, or young children, of a morning-it is a barbarity; let them wake of themselves; let the care rather be to establish an hour for retiring, so early that their fullest sleep may be out before sunrise. Another item of very great importance is: do not hurry up the young and weakly. It is are in most excellent condition, every one of them strong and healthy; and they are very fleet They whirl my Greenland sledge over the ice with a celerity not calculated for weak nerves. I have actually ridden behind them over six measured miles in twenty-eight minutes; and, without stopping to blow the team, have returned over the track in thirty-three. Sonntag and I had a race, and I beat him by four minutes. I should like to have some of my friends of Saratoga and Point Breeze up here to shew them a new style of speeding animals. Our racers do not require any blanketing after the heats, or sponging either. We harness them each with a single trace, and these traces are of a length to suit the driver-the longer the better, for they are then not so easily tangled, the draft of the outside dogs is more direct; and if the team comes upon thin ice, and breaks through, your chances of escape from immersion are in proportion to their distance from you. The traces are all of the same length, and hence the dogs run side by side, and when properly harnessed, their heads are in a line. My traces are so measured that the shoulders of the dogs are just twenty feet from the forward part of the runuers. The team is guided solely by the whip and voice. The strongest dogs are placed on the outside, and the whole team is swayed to right and left according as the whip falls on the snow to the one side or the other, or as it touches the leading dogs, as it is sure to do if they do not obey the gentle hint with sufficient alacrity. The voice aids the whip, but in all emergencies the whip is the only real reliance. Your control over the team is exactly in proportion to your skill in the use of it. The lash is about four feet longer than the traces, and is tipped with a "cracker" of hard sinew, with which a skilful driver can draw blood if so inclined; and he can touch any one of his animals on any particular spot that may suit his purpose. Jenson had to-day a young refractory dog in the team, and, having had his patience quite exhausted, he resolved upon extreme measures. "You see dat beast?" said he. "I takes a piece out of his ear;" and sure enough crack went the whip; the hard sinew wound round the tip of the ear, and nipped it off as nicely as with a knife." It was absolutely necessary to resort to these extreme measures. These dogs are as wild as wolves, and even more ravenous. They will eat anything, including their own harness, if, as usual, made of skin. The ferocity with which they tear their food is something terrible to witness. Even the lashings of the sledge are not safe from them, and have to be buried out of their sight at camping-time. During one expedition, they ate up their drivers' extra boots, their fur stockings, and even a meerchaum pipe which happened to have a seal-skin cover. On another occasion, one of their fellows being unable either to pull or follow, had to be shot. "As soon as the bullet struck the animal, wounding him but slightly, and causing him to set up a terrible cry, his companions in the team flew upon him, and tore him to pieces in an instant; and those who were lucky enough to get a fragment of him were tearing the flesh from his bones almost before the echo of his last howl had died away in the solitude." Nay, Dr. Hayes, who is very fond and proud of them, is obliged to confess, "the wretches would eat us up if we gave them the least chance. Knox stumbled among the pack yesterday while feeding them, and had not M'Donald pounced upon them on the instant, I believe they would have made a meal of him before he could rise.' Yet when, as happened, these animals were all attacked by the unknown disease above alluded to, our author bewailed their loss with reason, for without them arctic exploration is almost impossible. The symptoms were something akin to hydrophobia, and it may be imagined what those dogs did under such aggravated circumstances. Life on board went on as usual in those latitudes; every effort was made to be jolly notwithstanding the darkness and the cold; every man's birthday was kept; every festival of the church was honored with a banquet; the Port Foulke Weekly News was started; and, thanks to the general cheerfulness, Dr. Hayes' benignant rule, and, above all, to a large stock of preserved vegetables, that scourge of arctic travel, scurvy, was wholly avoided. Their chief physical trouble was frozen limbs, the cure for which was to place the limb in ice-cold water, the temperature of which was slowly increased from hour to hour until the flesh was completely thawed out; but it was considered to be a green trick to get frozen, and the disaster was generally kept concealed; just at home, boys say nothing about having had "a spill" out hunting. Curiously enough, the cold-so used they got to it at last-caused them less inconvenience than one or two unexampled and indeed inexplicable thaws. In November, under the Pole Star, the temperature once went up to thirty-two degress, causing every thing to drip, and making our friends open not only their eyes but their windows; then, as suddenly as it rose, it sunk back to its normal position of fifteen degrees below zero. Upon Dr. Hayes's subsequent expedition in the spring, it was thirtyone degrees below zero in their snow-huts where they slept at night, and in the open air, at sixty-eight and a half below zero, or one hundred and a half degrees below the freezing-point of water. Well might Dr. Hayes (who had been out with Dr. Kane in the same region) declare this to be unexampled in his experience, and, indeed, only one traveller, Niveroff, in Siberia, has ever chronicled a lower temperature. The coming on of winter darkness is noted in quite a solemn manner. Our author knew that that would be the trying time for his poor fellows. On November 13, he writes: "The darkness is not yet quite absolute. With some difficulty, I can still see to read ordinary print at noon." As November ended, the last gleam of twilight fades, but the stars shine at all hours with great brilliancy, and the moon gives some relief. From its rising to its setting, it shines continually, circling round the horizon, and running uninterruptedly its ten days' course of called for, for nearly ten years; and the gravebrightness, and shining with a brilliancy-stones of two of Dr. Hayes's shipmates who had thanks to the whiteness of the landscape and the general clearness of the atmosphere-unknown elsewhere. Nothing in nature is more impressive, nay, more ghastly, than arctic scenery under this wierd aspect. The coming of the sun, on the other hand, is watched for with eager impatience, and hailed with an almost delirious joy by these poor prisoners, "bleached in the long-continued lamplight, and colorless as potato-sprouts in a dark cellar." Everybody hastens, on the day appointed by the Nautical Almanac, to the spot he thinks will command the best view of the welcome stranger. "We awaited the approaching moment with much eagerness. Presently a ray of light burst through the soft mist-clouds which lay off to the right of us opposite the cape, blending them into a purple sea, and glistening upon the silvery summits of the tall icebergs, which pierced the vapoury cloak, as if to catch the coming warmth. The ray approached us nearer and nearer, the purple sea widened, the glittering spires multiplied, as one after another they burst in quick succession into the blaze of day; and as this marvellous change came over the face of the sea, we felt that the shadow of the cape was the shadow of the night, and that the night was passing away. Soon the dark red cliffs behind us glowed with a warm coloring, the hills and the mountains stood forth in their new robes of resplendent brightness, and the tumbling waves melted away from their angry harshness, and laughed in the sunshine; and now the line of the shadow was in sight. "There it is upon the point," cried Jenson. "There it is upon the ice-foot," cried Dodge. There at our feet lay a sheet of sparkling gems, and the sun burst broadly in our faces. Off went our hats with a simultaneous impulse, and we hailed this long-lost wanderer of the heavens with loud demonstrations of joy." He had been absent one hundred and twentysix days, and the ghastly moonlight, and the occasional glares of the Aurora Borealis, had been but poor substitutes for him. sailed with Dr. Kane. Even these were left far behind, for our author was bound for a more extreme point than the foot of man had ever yet visited. In spite of the hummocks, among which they had to camp for many a night, and though all his men, one by one, succumbed to the incredible cold and frightful hardships, Dr. Hayes determined to push on. He sent back all his comrades except three, and with those slowly climbed the rigid waves, and reached the inhospitable shore. Then leaving two of them behind, one being disabled, he pushed on towards the Pole, with only a single human companion. No such journey was ever taken by mortal man; it was scarcely probable they would return alive; and the other two had orders to wait for them in their wretched snow-hole only for five days, and then to make haste for "home"-the schooner, between which and themselves nearly five hundred miles of rough ice already lay. Provisions were fast failing them, although they had "cached" some at one or two places, in preparation for the returnjourney. Dr Hayes and Knox (his companion) were indeed "making their last throw!" On and on they pushed, till at last they stood upon the shore of that Open Polar Sea in search of which they had endured such unparalleled privations. "Standing against the dark sky at the north, there was seen in dim outline the white sloping summit of a noble headland, the most northern known land upon the globe. I judged it to be in latitude 82° 30', or four hundred and fifty miles from the North Pole. Nearer, another bold cape stood forth; and nearer still the headland, for which I had been steering my course the day before, rose majestically from the sea, as if pushing up into the very skies, a lofty mountain-peak, upon which the winter had dropped its diadem of snows. There was no land visible except the coast upon which I stood." The sea at their feet was a mottled sheet of white and dark patches, decaying ice and water, and in the distance one uniform dark blue, betokening ocean. Within a month, that unknown sea would be as free from ice as Baffin's Bay. And now the time was at hand when the great object of the expedition must be attempt-' ed, if at all. The dogs, save half a dozen or so, were dead; and with that inadequate With his poor battered ship, the task of remnant it was necessary that Dr. Hayes and pushing on was utterly hopeless; but Dr. Hayes his men should endeavor to work their way is satisfied that, during three months in the across the hummocks of Smith's Sound to Grin-year at least, he could navigate a steamer (and nell Land. It was a terrible journey, and although undertaken by heroes, proved too much for their resources. Nothing was met with in that awful solitude save the records of man's inability to penetrate it. A few words written by the captain of one of the expeditions after Franklin, placed in glass and sealed in a cairn -a dead-letter office, where it was left till thus means one day to do it) through Smith's Sound and Kennedy Channel into the Open Polar Sea. Without in the least envying his position, we can appreciate our author's feelings as he set up his cairn, and fixed his flags, in that hitherto unvisited solitude. "It was with no ordinary sensations," says he, with pardonable. prile, "that I contemplated my situation with It is the heart which decides our pleasures. While you continue to love the world, you will find virtue insupportable.-Massillon. ITEMS. one solitary companion in that hitherto untrod- I revealed to us wonders as vast and glorious as A WHIRLPOOL IN A RAINDROP. Among the most beautiful and interesting of all microscopic animals are the Ratifera. Their tiny bodies are so transparent that all the internal structure can be distinctly seen, and, to all appearance, they enjoy sporting in their drop of water as much as the lazy porpoises do, tumbling about in a bay full of it. Most of them are rovers; but some sober members of the family attach themselves to a leaf or stem of some water plant, and remain, like a barnacle, fixtures for life. They forthwith set about forming a protection for their heads, in the shape of a hill or cup, and out of this the animal can protrude its head and shoulders at pleasure Then, as the naturalist watches it through his magic glass-for it seems little short of magic to develop such wonders in a single drop of water-behold the little Rotifer spreads out the sails of the windmill, from which he gets his name, and such a whirlpool as he creates ! "A tempest in a tea-pot" is nothing, compared with this mælstrom in a rain-drop. The smaller fry are whirled around and around in a manner which must create a terrible panic among the shoals; but there is no resisting its might. Worst of all, there sits the giant in his den, culling out the choice bite which are brought to his very mouth by each returning wave, and enjoying them as much as Polyphymus did his grubs. Jupiter will appear without his satellites on the 21st of this month, if astronomical predictions be true. This is a phenomenon very seldom observed, and, reckoning backward, has been recorded in 1843, in 1826, in 1802 and in 1681. The disappearance of these satellites is caused by their passage across the disc of Jupiter. From the relations that they hold to each other, it is not possible for all these bodies to be eclipsed at once; but at certain periods the four satellites are in the same straight line with the planet's centre, and through a telescope of moderate power will be invisible. It is not uncommon for aslites from this cause, but for the fourth to be invisitronomers to note the disappearance of three satelble, it is necessary that it should be in a line with the other three, as seen from the earth, and this very rarely occurs. The fourth satellite is not necessarily eclipsed at each conjunction with Jupiter; it may pass above or below his disc or shadow. These satellites will disappear during six hours on the evening of August 21st, beginning when the planet rises at half-past seven, and ending at fifty-four minutes past one. After the greatest amount of conflicting testimony, as to the fate of Dr. Livingstone, it is now stated in England, that the latest intelligence from Africa indicates "every probability of Dr. Livingstone being still alive." The recent accident to the Atlantic cable of 1866 occurred in shallow water, near the Newfoundland coast, on the 25th ult., and the Cable Company announce that the steamship Chiltern was to have left London to repair this cable. The steamship also had on board a coil of new submarine wire cable wire, which is to be laid from Placentia, Newfoundland, to Sydney, Cape Breton, in order to facilitate the transmission of the cable news through the British North American territory to the land telegraph lines in the United States. The laying of the telegraph to connect Florida with Cuba, began at Key West on the 3d inst., and at last accounts was proceeding successfully. This cable, it is thought, if no accident happens, will be in operation by the end of the present week. The Freedmen's Saving and Trust Company, under the management of the Freedmen's Bureau, has just published an instructive report for the month of June last, showing that the colored people deposited leaving an excess of deposits of $29,262. The comduring that period $124,075, and withdrew $94,813, pany has now on hand over $480,000 belonging to freedmen. THE GREAT TUNNEL on the Pacific Railroad at the Sierra Nevada Mountains is nearly completed. The rails are being laid on the easterly slope, where twenty miles of the track is graded. It was expected that cars would pass through the tunnel by the 15th of the present month, and that the road would soon be completed through to the Nevada line. What wonderful contrivance for supplying food to this tiny animalcule!—What but an in finite Power could create and sustain such a wonderful system? To think, too, of the countless drops in the ocean, and in the waters of the Pacific Railroad indicates that it will not be long The rapid progress making at both ends of the earth, each filled to overflowing with these per- before passengars can be carried across the continent fect living things! Surely the microscope has" without change of cars." FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER. "TAKE FAST HOLD OF INSTRUCTION; LET HER NOT GO; KEEP HER; FOR SHE IS THY LIFE." "VOL. XXIV. PHILADELPHIA, EIGHTH MONTH 24, 1867. No. 25. EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY AN ASSOCIATION CONTENTS. Epistle from N. York Yearly Meeting of Ministers and Elders 385 COMMUNICATIONS MUST BE ADDRESSED AND PAYMENTS To Friends of the Ministry in Pennsylvania and New Jersey 386 EMMOR COMLY, AGENT, At Publication Office, No. 144 North Seventh Street, TERMS PAYABLE IN ADVANCE Our Wade after Water Lilies.... EDITORIAL The Paper is issued every Seventh-day, at Three Dollars per Criticism on the Modern System of Education............... Agents for Clubs will be expected to pay for the entire Club. Henry Haydock, Brooklyn, N. Y. Benj Stratton, Richmond, Ind. William H. Churchman, Indianapolis, Ind. Epistle from New York Yearly Meeting of POETRY.. London Boys' Refuge.... London College....... ITEMS....... 888 392 394 395 .... 397 398 399 400 We have been reminded, at this time, that God, the Sovereign Lord of conscience, is the source and centre of all minds, their only point of rest, and the fountain of all good; the reservoir and never failing source from which all may draw their supplies, as they stand in need, in proportion to their dedication and faithfulness, and if we love Him above all, and our neighbor as ourselves, we could not refrain from meeting together for public divine worship, and even if no vocal word should be spoken, we should feel the divine life spread over us like a canopy, and our young people, the joy of the present and hope of the future, would be drawn by our consistent example to come and sit with us. DEAR FRIENDS :-- Being again favored to Our Elders were encouraged at this time, in the feeling that many who are by man appointed, and who dwelling under a sense of their own insufficiency, and looking to the great fountain of Light and Life for strength and ability, would be by the Lord anointed to be as Aaron's and Hur's to hold up the hands of the ministers; and they were tenderly reminded that other duties than watching over the ministry devolved upon them, and they were encouraged to visit the small meetings, and enter into sympathy with the members thereof, and if faithfulness was abode in, their mouths would be opened to speak a word in season to them that We were reminded of the necessity of continued labor in and over the flock and family |