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watch when the chain, that has so long held it, | $1000 loaned on bond and mortgage or invested is suddenly detached, and, so to speak, he runs in public securities, and he will rarely want entirely down with a rapidity that startles all money thereafter in fact, that $1000, invested and breaks the hearts of his parents. Bring him at seven per cent., will of itself make him rich up in the world in which he is to live. Warn before he is sixty. There is no rule more imhim of its vices and follies. During the period portant or wholesome for our boys than that when he is too young to choose his own associa- which teaches them to go through life receiving tions, choose them for him; as he matures, interest rather than paying it. Of the torments gradually put responsibility upon himself. By which afflict this mortal sphere, the first rank every possible tie bind him to yourself, his is held by Crime; the second by Debt. home, the Church, and to God. Fortify him well with moral principles and wise instructions. Happy if he is early identified with the people of God. In such a case he can scarcely help being the honor of your old age and a blessing to his race.

ASPIRATIONS TO BE RICH.

A youth writes us as follows-and his case is like that of so many others that we treat it thus publicly, suppressing his name:

II. Acquire promptly and thoroughly some useful calling. Some pursuits are more lucra tive, some more respectable, some more agreeable, than others; but a chimney-sweep's is far better than none at all. No matter how rich his parents may be, a boy should learn a trade; no matter how poor he may be, a boy may learn some trade if he will. This city is full to-day of young (and old) men who have been clerks, book keepers, porters, &c., &c., yet can find nothing to do, and are starving because their foolish parents did not give them trades. A trade is an estate, and almost always a producre-tive one. A good, efficient farm-laborer can generally find paying work if he does not insist in looking for it in a city where it cannot well be; while many a college graduate famishes because nobody wants the only work he knows how to do. Let nothing prevent your acquir ing skill in some branch of productive industry.

"Dear Sir: I am a poor boy. I would like to get rich. Now what shall I do? I would like to quit this section. I don't want to main on my father's farm. Please give me the best advice you can, and oblige yours, G. G. s.' Answer. The aspiration to be rich-though by no means the highest that can impel a career-is, in our view, wholesome and laudable. The youth who says, "Let me be rich any how, and before all other considerations," is very likely to bring up in some State Prison, but he who consistently says, "Let me first be just, honest, moral, diligent, useful; then rich," is on the right road. Every boy ought to aspire to be rich, provided he can be without unfaithful ness to social obligation or to moral principle. But how shall he set about getting rich? We would concisely say:

I. Firmly resolve never to owe a debt. It is the fundamental mistake of most boys to suppose that they can get rich faster on money earned by others than on that earned respective ly by themselves. If every youth of 18 to 25 years were to-day offered $10,000 for ten years at seven per cent. interest, two-thirds of them would eagerly accept it; when the probable Consequence is that three-fourths of them would die bankrupts and paupers. Boys do not need money half so much as they need to know how to earn and save it. The boy who, at the close of his first year of independence, has earned and saved $100, and invested or loaned it where it will pay him six or seven per cent., will almost surely become rich if he lives; while he who closes his first year of responsibility in debt, will probably live and die in debt. There is no greater mistake made by our American youth than that of choosing to pay interest rather than receive it. Interest devours us while we sleep; it absorbs our profits and aggravates our losses. Let a young man at twenty-five have

III. Resolve not to be a rover. "A rolling stone gathers no moss," but is constantly thumped and knocked, and often shivered to pieces. If you are honest and industrious you must be constantly making reputation, which, if you remain in one place, helps you along the road to fortune. Even a hod carrier or streetsweeper who has proved that his promise to appear on a given day and hour, and go to work, may be trusted, has a property in the confidence thus created. If you cannot find your work where you now are, migrate ; but do it once for all. When you have stuck your stake stand by it!

IV. Comprehend that there is work almost everywhere for him who can do it. An Italian named Bianconi settled in Ireland some sixty years ago, and got very rich there by gradually establishing lines of passonger conveyances all over that island. Almost any man would have said that he who went to Ireland to make his fortune must be mad. He who knows how, and will work, can get rich growing potatoes in New England, though he hasn't a five-cent stamp to begin with. There is work that will pay for a million more people on the soil of Connecticut alone. There are millions of unproductive acres within a day's ride of this city that might be bought and rendered largely fruitful at a clear profit of $100 or more per acre. A man in Niles, Mich., declined to go gold-hunting in the Rocky Mountains because

there was more gold in Niles than he could get hold of. The reason was a good one, and it applies almost everywhere If you can find nothing to do where you are, it is generally because you can do nothing.

V. Realize that he who earns six-pence per day more than he spends must get rich, while he who spends six pence more than he earns must become poor. This is a very hackneyed truth; but we shall never be done needing its repetition. Hundreds of thousands are not only poor but wretched to-day, simply because they fail to comprehend or will not heed it. We Ameri cans are not only an extravagant but an ostentatious people. We habitually spend too much on our own stomachs and our neighbor's eyes. We are continually in hot water, not because we cannot live in comfort on our means, but because we persist in spending more than we need or can afford. Our youth squander in extra food and drinks, in frolic and dissipation,

portant testimonies held by the Society of Friends is brought more forcibly into view. We have been led to reflect upon this subject by the increase of crimes of various grades in our midst.

In a collection of five or six hundred children at the House of Refuge, there is not one who is a member of the Society of Friends, and in the prisons, which are now uncomfortably crowded with convicts, no Friend is found. This speaks favorably for a community, the morality of which is respected by all, while its principles and testimonies are so little understood by many.

We are ready to believe that even some of our own members do not duly value the hedge which has surrounded them from early childhood. That this hedge is occasionally broken

which does them harm instead of good, the means which should be the nest egg of their fu- down or overleaped by the thoughtless is no ture competence. When cares and children cluster about them, they grumble at their hard fortune; forgetful that they wasted the years and the means which might and should have saved them from present and future poverty.

All these are very trite, homely truths. All our boys have heard them again and again; but how many have laid them to heart? We assure G. G. S., and every other youth, that each may become rich if he will-that "to be or not to be" rests entirely with himself; and that his very first lesson is to distrust and shun by-paths and short cuts, and keep straight along the broad, obvious, beaten highway.-N. Y. Tribune.

proof of its weakness. The testimonies referred to, lead to the fulfilment of the first and second commandments, and an adherence to them produces the healthful condition of doing unto others as we would they should do unto us. If this were our abiding place, the sufferings of one would meet with the sympathy of the whole, and the bond of Christian brotherhood would be strengthened by the exercise of those virtues which expand our higher nature and increase heavenly treasure.

The direful effects of the late war are seen on every hand, teaching in their aspects the A war-spirit

FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER. "exceeding sinfulness of sin."

PHILADELPHIA, THIRD MONTH 16, 1867.

TO SUBSCRIBERS.-The agent of Friends' Intelligencer would be obliged to subscribers to send their names and subscriptions as early as possible. The names should be plainly written in full; the name of the Post-office given, and when a change of address is contemplated, the one proposed and that before used should be plainly written. Persons getting up clubs sometimes send a part of the club at one time and part at another. Where it is possible, the agent would like to receive the list entire. It would greatly lessen his labor if names, addresses, accounts, &c., were given explicitly and clearly.

TESTIMONIES OF FRIENDS.-It is by contrast that the preserving tendency of the im

ever produces fruit after its kind, and this fruit
is scattered broadcast over the land, even after
a national peace may have been proclaimed. In-
temperance, the habit of which, if not formed
upon the battle-field, is greatly strengthened by
its depressing influences, perhaps is the most
prolific source of evil. The greater majority
of those who are now being committed to the
What a
penitentiaries are returned soldiers.
comment upon the system which leads to such
fearful results! Let not Friends falter in the

maintenance of the testimony against war in all
its phases. By nipping every germ of an
aggressive disposition in ourselves, we shall be
prepared by precept and example to encourage
others to dwell in love, and instead of resisting
evil, to overcome evil with good. Were the
people impressed with the necessity of uphold-

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jugal relation as to be permitted to live with the
chosen companion of bis youth in unbroken and un-
diminished affection for more than threescore years.
The testimony borne at the funeral by one who had
known him long and well was especially appropriate
"Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright,
for the end of that man is peace."
LEWIS, aged 77 years; a member of Plainfield Month-
Meeting, Belmont Co., O.

ing our testimony against the "distillation and DIED, on the 1st of Twelfth month, 1866, at his sale of spirituous liquors, and the use thereof, BORDEN, aged nearly 88 years; a member and elder residence, Easton, Washington Co., N. Y., SMITH as a drink," how reformatory would be the of Easton Monthly Meeting. His consistent, exemmeasures, in these particulars! Many homes plary life no doubt largely contributed to preserve his physical and mental powers in a remarkable dethat are now wretched and desolate would be gree to the last, and endeared his name and memory made comfortable and happy. By the removal to a large circle of friends and acquaintances, surrounding his pathway with Heaven's choicest blessof the cause of their trouble, not a few individ-ings. Having been so peculiarly blessed in the conuals, instead of being a burden to society, might assume the dignity of manhood and become useful members of it. And again, by the observance of the testimony against lotteries of any kind, the temptation would be lessened to encourage the widespread evil, which is assuming gigantic power in the insidious form of be-ly nevolent projects. We have observed with gratification the efforts of a few influential persons, not members of our Society, to check these fraudulent measures, and we would affectionately urge Friends to be watchful, and to maintain inviolate the testimony against lotteries of any kind.

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on the 27th of Twelfth month, 1866, THOMAS

on the 28th of First month, at Normal, near Bloomington, McLean Co., Ill., RACHEL, relict of the late William Brown, of Tazewell Co., Ill., formerly of Lancaster County, Pa., in ber 81st year. residence of bis parents, Emily and Josiah Wright, -, on the 21st of Second month, 1867, at the near Springboro, O, EDWARD WRIGHT, in the 18th year of his age.

- on the evening of First month 25th, 1867, in Ledyard, Cayuga Co., N. Y., CORNELIUS WEEKS, aged 89 years, 9 months and 25 days. For more than a half century friend Weeks was a resident of the old towu of Scipio. He was for many years a highly dustry and integrity he stood pre-eminent. Faithful esteemed member of the Society of Friends. For inin the performance of every duty which devolved to imitate. Strictly temperate in his habits, he was upon him, his life was an excellent model for others remarkably exempt, even in his latter years, from

UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE.-The result of the first experiment of Universal Suffrage, which occurred in Alexandria, Va., on the 5th inst., as reported by the press, has been satisfactory, and we are highly gratified that those to whom has been awarded a right so long unjustly with-disease and the it firmities of age. Gradually and

held exercised it in a becoming manner. We hope that the friends of this class will continue to impress their minds with the importance of their position as citizens of the United States. Many of them appear to appreciate their situation, and feel that it is necessary, in order for a proper elevation, that the people of color should be circumspect in all their movements. We want them encouraged to perform faithfully their part, so that they may possess and enjoy all the rights and privileges which pertain to our Republic. The municipal authorities of the city of Alexandria are disposed to contest the election, as a military governor had not been appointed previously to it; but under the reconstruction bill, the right of the colored man to the elective franchise is only a matter of time.

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calmly, peacefully and resignedly, he yielded up his breath. His work was well done; and his memory will be fondly revered and cherished by those who

knew him best.

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on the 28th of Second month, 1867, in Philadelphia, MARTHA DICKINSON, in her 83d year.

on Second day, the 4th of Third month, MAHLON BETTs, in his 72d year; a member of Wilmington Monthly Meeting, Del.

on the 6th of Third month, HENRY BARTRAM, son of Charles K. and Annie B. Gano, and grandson

of Henry W. Bartram, of Wilmington, Del., aged 11 months.

on the 5th of Third month, in Ridley Town

ship, Delaware Co., Pa., JACOB PARRY, aged 72 years.

on Sixth-day, the 8th of Third month, at Germantown, Pa., RACHEL H., widow of Wm. Jones, late of Gulf Mills, Montgomery Co., Pa., in her 74th of Philadelphia. year; a member of the Monthly Meeting of Friends

on the 10th of Third month, JOSHUA LONGSTRETH, son of the late Richard Price, of Philadelphia, in his 47th year.

Friends' Fuel Association for the Poor will meet

this (Seventh-day) evening, Third month 16th, at 4 o'clock, at Race St. Monthly Meeting Room.

Jos. M. TRUMAN, Clerk.

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Friends' Association for the Aid and Elevation of

the Freedmen will meet at Green St. Meeting-House, on Fourth-day evening, Third month 20th, promptly

at 8 o'clock. All interested are invited.

J. M. ELLIS, ANNE COOPER,

}

Clerks.

the diffusion of knowledge among men and women, and be preceded by the spread of more Of enlightened views in the community. course this growing illumination comes up largely from improvements in the schools; the action is reciprocal. But it is impossible to raise school instruction to its proper standard until the community becomes aware of what is really included in the vast idea.

The lecturer assumed that the true idea of education was now admitted, at least in theory: namely, that it consists in the full deThe Executive Committee of "Friends' Publica-velopment of each power of our nature, action Association" will meet at Race Street Monthly Meeting Room, on Sixth-day afternoon, Third month LYDIA H. HALL,

22d.

Clerk of Committee.

FRIENDS' SOCIAL LYCEUM.

Abstract of a Lecture on "The Education of Girls," delivered on the 12th of Second month, 1857, by Wm. Henry Farquhar. After some prefatory remarks upon the object of lectures, urging the duty of expressing, in simple phrase, the earnest convictions which have taken root in the speaker's mind from the experience and reflection of his own life, the lecturer went on to state-that in taking for his subject "The Education of Girls," it was not proposed to keep his audience in the school-room. Although that was the place where the greater part of his active life had been spent, he was never able to feel, while at work there, that they were realizing the true idea of education. The plan pursued, which included the ordinary elementary, scientific, and linguistic instruction, always seemed to be extremely imperfect. There was so much left out, which the nature of the subject was felt to require, that an abiding impression of dissatisfaction, a want of something broader, deeper, and better, was continually experienced.

Adam Smith (an authority always worth listening to) tells us that "it is a law of educational progress, that its impulse and stimulus come from without. Hence writers on political economy expressly except education from the operation of the general law of supply and demand. For the demand, in this case, must be awakened by external influences and agencies." This view was amply confirmed by the experience of the lecturer in organizing a system of public schools among a people not accustomed to the institution. The power required to introduce knowledge into minds darkened by densest ignorance, must indeed come from a source without the subjects of it; as, in the physical world, darkness is dispelled by light from above, and not by internal fermentation among the particles of the dark body.

From this principle it follows, that any radical improvement in schools must be from

cording to the constitution impressed on it by the Maker's hand, and with the object of enabling each to fulfil His design in so constituting it.

In applying this idea to the present subject, two inquiries presented: What the young being is? And what we want to make of her?

The solution of these two questions must be sought in two ways; one being the historical, the other the scientific method. Great difficulties arise in exploring the former way. There is no comprehensive history of womanit is yet to be written. We have biographies, more or less reliable, of remarkable specimens of the sex, in various ages of the world, but these individual histories serve to bewilder as much as to enlighten us. Semiramis, Cleopatra and Elizabeth, Deborah, Jeanne d'Arc, and Pocahontas, possess such exceptional characters, that the accounts we have of their lives give us very little insight into the real condition of the sex, in their respective eras, or into the gradations by which this half of the race has ascended from its original inferior position. Yet, that progressive elevation, that everchanging and steadily rising position of onebalf of the human race, in its relation to the other half, is the most remarkable fact in history.

[After relating some familiar facts, showing the degraded condition of the female sex in former ages and in barbarous countries, the lecturer proceeded.]

Still it is worthy of note, that from the earliest ages we may catch gleams, shining out through the darkness, brightly pointing to a nature and destiny for woman, which, in these latter days, and among the most favored nations, are just beginning to be realized. Amongst these better prophetic intimations stands first and most conspicuous that simple but sublime statement, in the first chapter of Genesis: "Male and female created He them." Mark the full meaning and force of that truly inspired passage. Never was a clearer statement given of the Creator's work, never a fuller pledge and token of His high design. stands the strongest testimony in favor of the two most important doctrines in our present ar

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gument. These are, the perfect equality and absolute distinctness of the two halves of the compound being. "So God created man in his own image; male and female created He them."

It was all right in the beginning. But it has pleased Providence so to constitute His world, that it must struggle upwards, through long periods, and many painful experiences, before attaining the perfect type, that was shadowed forth in the beginning. Researches into the great Stone book, where lie petrified the leaves of the earth's early history, discover to the inquirer, scattered through the vast series by which living things have ascended into higher forms of being, evident types of the superior organisms to come.

As Goethe expresses the idea, "Nature then appears to us in the form of a sybil, who has beforehand laid down a testimony of what had been determined from eternity, and was not to be realized till late in time."

So, in the fragmentary history of woman's progress, we may catch glimpses of the future elevation designed for her.

Having referred discursively to some of the steps in woman's progress toward the position she was meant to occupy, the natural inquiry next presents,-how near has she approached to it? Is it at length attained? So rapid and decided have those steps of progress been, it is supposed by many that women have quite risen above the position of inferiority to which law and custom so long confined them, and attained the equality designed in the beginning. What is the actual situation in this respect?

[Various proofs were here alleged, going to show the actual inequality;-as the national example, exhibited in the refusal of Congress to give equal salaries to the female government employés, though doing the same work as men, and doing it as well; the inequality in the salaries of female teachers; the inferior status of the Philadelphia Female High School, &c.

&c.]

It would be very easy, though quite unnecessary, to multiply the proofs establishing the actual existing inequality in the condition of the sexes. While this lasts, the relation can not be permanent. It must go on, as it has been doing ever since the time of Eve, to change. Entire conformity to the full design of the Creator is absolutely necessary, before any thing can stand on an immutable foundation. How, then, is it to be brought about? Obvi ously in the only way that such conformity has ever been attained: by leaving free to develop all the natural powers and capacities of the female character. Perfect freedom to develop, and wise assistance in the process, that is, proper education, are the essential matters.

Without fear, then, let us, metaphorically

speaking, fling the women into free space, and see what will become of them. Whatever they ultimately find to be in accordance with their own nature and capacities must be the right thing for them. That much talked of mythical sphere of woman can be compassed in no other way, than by leaving her field and opportunity to seek, and by experience attain.

But it will be said by some, that there is great danger in allowing too much freedom to women. It is taken for granted that women are more inclined to go to extremes than men. Possibly they are. Yet must it be always safe to let the faculties unfold harmoniously, according to the plan marked out by Him who gave them. To doubt of this appears like atheism.

It is worthy of remark, that men, by the coarse temptation that impels strength to show its power, have always been inclined to interfere in determining questions which belong much more properly to women. An interesting instance of this disposition was shown in the affair of nursing the sick and wounded of the late war. Masculine medical exclusiveness, and masculine delusions on the question of propriety, did their best to alarm sensitive feminine delicacy, and to banish those gentle ministers of mercy from the hospitals. Fortunately for the poor sufferers, woman's tenderness and common sense were too strong for the success of the attempt. And the brightest feature that marked that long, terrible agony, was seen in the noble deeds of the American followers of Florence Nightingale.

Men may offer counsel; but the idea of their dictating to women, in these questions of delicacy and propriety, is simply preposterous.

Yes; woman is constituted the equal of man, but not the equivalent. Her distinctness and difference are as certain as her equality. "Male and female created He them."

It is not proposed here to determine the line that separates the distinct spheres of man and woman. That were a difficult task, blended as they are.

"Yet, though the colors soften and unite" A thousand ways;-is there no black and white?" The line is one which will be found and respected, rather by woman's instinct, than by man's reason. Now and then a woman will cross the line, and invade her neighbor's province; but her whole peculiar character forbids the fear of any persistent invasion. The distinction is too radical for that.

[The lecturer here detailed his experience. as a teacher of girls, which had brought him to discern and acknowledge the intellectual difference of the sexes; but he declined to esti mate their comparative excellence, as mathematicians never make an equation of incommeasurable quantities.]

[On the question of giving to women the

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