(c) How do we speak in a higher and in a lower tone respectively? 5. (a) What is the muscular sense? Show how it comes into play in daily life. (b) What is meant by the following terms and explain the subject in each case, viz., colour-blindness, squinting, seeing-double, and show how the cinematograph is able to give its single moving picture from the numerous permanent impressions on the film. (c) From what part of the brain does a voluntary impulse to move, say the finger, start, and describe the structure of this part of the brain? Trace the cause of the impulse downwards to the finger. DIVISION B. PHYSICS I. Only SEVEN questions to be answered. 1. Find an expression for the acceleration of a particle moving uniformly in a circle. The acceleration due to gravity at the equator is 978; what would it be if the earth were not rotating about its axis, the radius of the earth being 6370 kilometres ? 2. Explain fully how the horse-power of a steam engine may be measured with a friction dynamometer. 3. Explain precisely all the corrections which have to be applied to a reading of a mercurial barometer, so as to reduce it to the value which it would have if the mercury were ice cold and the barometer at sea level in latitude 45°. What is the object of making this reduction? 4. Describe, with full detail, a method of determining the Young's modulus of a material. 5. Explain what is meant by the humidity of the atmosphere and describe some method of finding its value. 6. Describe fully some method used in determining the mechanical equivalent of heat. 7. A person standing alongside a railway track observes that the apparent pitch of the whistle of an approaching loco motive is 2300; after it has passed him the apparent pitch is only 3000. Explain this effect and find the speed of the locomotive. 8. State the laws governing the transverse vibrations of stretched strings and show how they may be verified experimentally. 9. Describe the human eye and explain some common defects of vision. 10. Describe a Nicol's prism and show how it may be used to determine whether a ray of light is plane polarised or not. DIVISION B. PHYSICS II. Only SEVEN questions to be answered. 1. Describe the method by which Coulomb examined the laws governing the forces exerted between two magnetic poles, and state the results of his experiments, showing how they enable a definition of unit magnetic pole to be obtained. 2. What do you understand by the "magnetic elements" at any place? Give the values of the magnetic elements at Sydney. 3. Find an expression for the mechanical force exerted on each unit area of a charged surface when surrounded by a nonconducting liquid such as benzine. 4. Give a rule by which may be determined the direction of the magnetic force at a point in the neighbourhood of a long straight wire carrying a current. Find an expression for the magnitude of the magnetic force in the same case. 5. Describe, with full detail, some electrical method of measuring temperature. 6. Find an expression for the heat developed in a wire by the passage of a current. A copper and an iron wire of the same length and crosssection are included in a circuit in which a current flows; which wire will be the hotter, (a) when they are joined in series, (b) when joined in parallel? 7. Explain the terms magnetic intensity, magnetic induction, permeability, hysteresis. 8. A current of 100 ampères flows in a wire bent to form a rectangle, the lengths of whose sides are 12 and 20 centimetres, the longer sides being vertical, and the shorter ones pointing in the direction of the magnetic meridian. The coil is free to rotate about a vertical axis; what is the initial turning couple, and what is the position taken up by the coil when in equilibrium? 9. Describe Faraday's experiments on electromagnetic induction, and give a law summing up his results. 10. State and explain the laws of electrolysis. EXAMINATION FOR THE PETER NICOL RUSSELL SCHOLARSHIPS FOR MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. The papers are the same as those set in the Division B of the Matriculation Examination, with the following: GEOMETRICAL DRAWING AND PERSPECTIVE. The questions are to be answered by drawing the figures neatly in pencil with the aid of drawing instruments. Written descriptions or demonstrations are not required, but all construction lines must be clearly shown. 1. Construct an isosceles triangle with a vertical angle of 45°, the area of which shall be 3-5 square inches. 2. A circle of 1.5 inches in diameter rolls along a straight line. Draw the curve traced into one revolution by a point in the plane of the circle, and rigidly connected to it, distant 1.25 inches from its centre. 3. Show how to describe a circle which shall pass through two given points, A and B, and touch a given circle. 4. Draw a circle, a parallelogram, and a triangle. Divide each of these figures into three parts of equal area by means of concentric circles in the case of the circles, by means of lines parallel to diagonal of the parallelogram, and also by means of lines parallel to side of the triangle. 5. Draw the perspective of a square block, 5 feet side and 2 feet thick, standing on the ground plane, with two opposite faces parallel to the picture plane. On the block, and symmetrically with it, stands a cylinder 6 feet high, with diameter of base 3 feet. The station point is 5 feet to the right of the nearest side of the square block, and the eye is elevated 4 feet above the ground plane. Scale inch to the foot. 6. A pavement is composed of slabs of stone 2 feet square. Circles of black marble 8 inches in diameter are let in where the corners of the slabs meet. Draw a portion of this pavement in perspective, the nearest part of it being 12 feet distant from the place of observation, and 5 feet below the level of the eye. 7. A hexagonal pyramid 4 inches high, having a base with sides 2 inches long. Draw the plan and elevation if the axis of the pyramid is inclined to the vertical plane at an angle of 30°, and one of its triangular faces rests upon the horizontal plane. Draw also the plan, elevation and true form of a section of the pyramid made by a plane inclined at 60° to the horizontal plane. 8. Draw the plan and elevation of a square prism 4 inches long, base 2 inches side, when the plane of the base is inclined at an angle of 60°, and one edge in the base is inclined at 20°. APPLIED MECHANICS. 1. Investigate the equations of bending moments and shearing stress in the following cases, and sketch the diagrams showing the distribution of the stresses— (a) A beam supported at each end and loaded with a (b) A beam supported at each end and loaded with a 2. Investigate the equation for the moment of resistance of a beam of rectangular cross-section and derive the expres sion f=the intensity of stress at the extreme fibres. Deduce from this expression the ordinary equation- |