handed rider has on some occasion made his horse rear, he finds that when the horse is forced to yield to the hand he becomes light in front, and the theory we support is in that case proved.

We have seen that by overcoming the resistances of the fore-hand we can lighten that part without violence, and when we come to the lesson upon the gallop the same principles will be applied to make the horse lead with either leg. For if the fore-hand is made light by the proper action of the bit, that side will be made the lighter upon which the action is the more strongly defined; so that to make him lead off with the right leg we shall raise that side with the right rein, and the horse will move off with his head in the proper position.

The height at which the head of the horse will be carried must depend upon the configuration of the animal, and the action he takes; but if the horse yields his jaw to the bit, and carries his face perpendicular to the plane of movement, the light hand will permit him to carry his head at the elevation that is best suited to the circumstances. But if the horse through perverseness or awkwardness carries his head too high or too low, the rider must lower or raise the bridlehand until the head is brought into the position in which the horse moves with the greatest ease and lightness. The snaffle-bit should be used to correct faults in the carriage of the head.

We will suppose that the horse has so far progressed in his education that he

may be put into the walk, and yet be so obedient to the bit that he retains the equilibrium as far as is possible. Keeping him at a steady walk, the rider will accustom him to bear the pressure of the legs by applying them, first one and then the other, as the horse raises the opposite fore-leg. This will serve to improve the action of the gait, as well as to bring him to bear the pressure of the legs without flinching. When he will answer the pressure of the legs and bare heels by bringing forward the forces of the croup, and will measure his speed by the freedom given him by the hand without forcing himself upon it, he will be accustomed to the spur until he bears the scratch of the rowel with the same complacency that he bore the attacks of the heels. This can

be brought about without trouble by quieting the horse by voice and hand after each application of the aid, which at first should be very light, to gradually increase in force. The spur should never be given with a shock, but the foot should be carried and the rowel quietly but quickly applied by lowering the toe. After the horse finds that the spur comes soon after the pressure of the leg, he will rarely require the application of the severer form of the aid, and the whole education of the horse will tend to make him quick and lively in his motions, and obedient. to the slightest expression of his master's will.

The horse, in hand and gathered, will be put into the walk, and the rider will practise the change of direction to the

right. Taking the curb-reins in the left hand, he will hold the snaffle-reins divided by the width of his right hand. Upon arriving at the point where a new direction is to be taken, the rider will turn the head of the horse by the direct application of the right snaffle-rein, and when the horse turns into the new path the left hand will be carried to the right, so that the left curb-rein will press against the left side of the neck. The legs of the rider will give such aid in bringing up the croup in the new direction as the circumstances may require.

After the horse will turn readily to the demand of the snaffle-bit, he will be made to take the new direction with the unaided use of the curb, the left hand being carried to the right, so that the outside rein