THE STATE REGISTER, AND YEAR BOOK OF FACTS: FOR THE YEAR 1857. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY. SAN FRANCISCO,BRARY HENRY G. LANGLEY AND SAMUEL A. MATHEWS, No. 144 WASHINGTON STREET. SACRAMENTO: JAMES QUEEN. ..... 1857. ENTERED according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, BY HENRY G. LANGLEY, SAMUEL A. MATHEWS AND JAMES QUEEN, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for Northern District of California. COMMERCIAL STEAM PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT, Nos. 127 and 129 Sansome Street. Checked SALUTATORY. THE object sought to be accomplished by the publication of the STATE REGISTER, is to present, at the commencement of each year, a volume of convenient size and price, which will contain a reliable and comprehensive description of the resources of the State of California, together with such other data as will make it a useful and convenient work of reference to all classes of the community. The plan of the REGISTER Will be to embrace in each volume full and reliable statistics, concerning each branch of the resources of the State, and a complete exhibit of the finances thereof, including the different county and municipal organizations, carefully prepared and arranged, from information obtained through official or other reliable sources. The Agricultural, the Mining, the Commercial, the Mechanical and the Manufacturing interests, shall each receive such attention as will best illustrate their character, importance and extent. The REGISTER will also contain such data connected with the operations of the different departments of Government, Federal and State, as will be consistent with its general plan, together with the names of the officers in charge thereof, and such reference to the history and progress of the different States as may prove attractive to its pages. The material from which the present volume of the REGISTER has been compiled, was obtained through reliable sources. Since the commencement of the enterprise, in November last, over one thousand communications have been addressed to the officers of government and the heads of departments, Federal and State, and to gentlemen engaged in developing the resources of the State. By this method and from the careful observations of reliable agents in the principal counties of the State, over four thousand pages of valuable and important information were obtained, which, together with the official reports of the different State officers, from the organization of the State Government to the present year, have formed the basis of the enterprise. Only in two instances has the editor failed to secure the desired information, though its possession has involved a considerable expenditure of time and capital, and occasionally a personal visit to distant portions of the State. In the preparation of the present volume of the REGISTER, a large amount of labor has been required to arrange and condense the extensive material thus obtained to the plan of the work. From the peculiar originality of the |