The Pantheon: Design, Meaning, and Progeny

Agrippa ancient antiquity appeared apse arches architects architecture Augustan Augustus base bath Books bronze building built carried central century church circle circular classical coffers columns concrete construction continued cornice curved cylinder detail diameter dome drawings early effect eight elements empire entrance example expressed exterior façade feet figure flanking Forum Forum of Augustus front gods Greek Hadrian hall House idea illustration imperial important interior intermediate block Italy kind known late later light London lower marble Markets Mars meaning monuments niches orders original Palladio Pantheon Paris pediment porch probably remains Renaissance restored rise Roman Rome roof rotunda round seems seen shape showing side so-called Temple space stands stone stood structure studied supporting surface symbol Temple tomb towers traditional University upper vault wall whole York zone