The Pantheon: design, meaning, and progeny

aediculae Agrippa ancient Andrea Andrea Palladio antiquity appeared apse arches architects Augustan axis Baia baroque barrel vaults bath Bernini Boethius Boethius and Ward-Perkins bronze building built caryatids cella central century B.C. church circle circular classical coffers colonnades Colosseum columns concrete cornice curved cylinder detail diameter domed rotunda emperor empire entablature entrance bay exedrae exterior facade fastigium feet flanking forecourt Forum of Augustus fourth century gods Golden House Greek Hadrian hall Hellenistic imperial inscription interior intermediate block Julius Lanciani Licht London marble Markets of Trajan Minerva Medica monuments niches oculus original Palladio Pantheon Pantheon rotunda pavement paving pediment Photograph piers pilasters porch probably Renaissance restored Roman architecture Rome roof rotunda Round Temple second century seen so-called Temple space St Peter's step-ring stoas stood structure surface symbol tectural Temple of Mars temple-front tholos Tivoli tomb towers traditional Treasury of Atreus vertical Villa Vitruvius wall