in the extreme. On the left is Carrick Fell, its front strowed with immense masses of rock and rivers of debris which encroach on the road below: on the right is a dismal swamp or peat moss, bounded by the heavy uniform ridge of Greystoke Park on the east side. After toiling over the common for five miles, leaving this dreary scene, you descend for a mile through a lane bordered with fertile lands and hedge-rows planted with trees, amongst which the blue curling smoke betrays at intervals the low-roofed cottages and farm-steads. Almost at the end of this lane you pass another Friends' Meeting House and Cemetery, placed in a scene of quiet and peaceful solitude.

A wild brook washes across the road, and with the wooden bridge for foot-passengers and the little cascade below, is a pleasing feature at the entrance of the neat little town of Hesket-New-Market, agreeably seated in the open vale. The Old Hall, much modernized, stands on the right as you leave the town for Caldbeck.

This is a large straggling village, the houses seem to have been dropped down without order or connection over the wide, rambling valley at the foot of High Pike and Carrick. The church standing on the brink of the Caldbeck, is a very ancient structure, dedicated to Saint Kentigern, and bearing date, 1112. On the stream which pours down from High Pike, through this village, is that striking curiosity,

THE HOWK,

Which is a deep waterfall in the bed of the river, over which is a natural bridge of limestone rock.

Under this bridge the stream rushes with great irpetuosity and dashing along over rugged rocks, it empties itself into a basin boiling in whirling eddies, covered with foam. The intertwining branches of oak, ash, and hazel, intercepting the sun's rays, throw a dense gloom over the recess even at noonday; whilst the long dark weeds and matted grass hang over the wave-worn rock in rich festoons, interlaced with bright green ferns. On one side is a deep excavation called the Fairy's Kettle, the receptacle in time of floods of another cascade that falls about twenty yards down perpendicular rocks : a little to the right of which is a cavern eighteen yards long, called the Fairy Kirk, in which the noise of the cataract has an imposing effect: this and the Kettle, which is then filled, are inaccessible at high floods. The finest approach to this interesting scene is by permission up the north side of the ravine, which is feathered with wood. The bridges over this water further down, the church, and the rectory, form some good pictures.

The road hence leads over Warnell Fell, having on the right the Hall, once the seat of the Dentons, now belonging to Lord Lonsdale, built on a hill side, profusely scattered over with wood, and its base laved by the Caldew. Welton on the top of the hill enjoys an extensive prospect of what is generally allowed to be one of the pleasantest vales in the county, that of Sebergham.

ROSE CASTLE.

The pedestrian, indeed, might pass down as far as Rose Castle by the banks of the river, a route that would greatly enhance his pleasure, but the

tourist who possesses the accommodation of a carriage, must be content with a passing look of the vale as he proceeds along the heights down which the road presently descends to Rose Castle, the episcopal seat of the Bishop of Carlisle. The Honourable and Right Reverend Hugh Percy has nearly re-edified the whole castle, which, from having been repaired at different times according to the prevalent taste in architecture, had assumed an appearance incongruous with its original castellated style. The castle presents a fine mass of towers built on the north side of the vale, surrounded by hanging gardens that rise terrace above terrace up to the level lawn on which it stands. The Keep, or Strickland's Tower, is a little detached, and partially covered with ivy. The entrance hall between Bell's Tower, almost concealed by creepers, and Percy's Tower, which is quite modern, contains the grand staircase of carved English oak, the bannisters ornamented with roses and shields alternately, leading to the chapel and drawing-room. The chapel is lighted by a row of windows on its south front, and is most chastely fitted up with oaken stalls and wainscotting. The reading-desk and pulpit are of the same substantial materials, and across the west end extends a series of beautiful niches with elegant canopies, under one of which is the bishop's seat. The dining-room and library are on the ground floor: the latter is a fine apartment, elegantly and simply fitted up with oaken cases. The fire-places throughout are all of chiselled stone, richer or simpler in their designs according to the uses of the apartment. The new portions were designed by Mr. Rickman, under the immediate superintendence of the Right Reverend

Bishop, to whose intimate acquaintance with architecture is owing the absence of every thing that could offend the most correct and fastidious taste. The square embattled towers rise magnificently out of the noble forest trees by which they are partly surrounded and sheltered. The approach is through an old archway covered with ivy. The oaks and Scotch firs are splendid, and with the meadows, the wooded hill, and the distant Fell of Carrick, unite with the castle in producing scenery rarely equalled for amenity and splendour.

Proceeding onwards, Holm Hill is on the right. Not far from it is Hawksdale Hall, once the residence of Nicolson the antiquarian, who, in conjunction with Chancellor Burn, wrote a History of Cumberland and Westmorland, which no subsequent publications have as yet superseded. At Oaks, the tourist cannot but admire the remaining lordly oak, that with another gave name to the house. Here the vale of Dalston opens out to view, presenting a scene of mixed fertility and desolation caused by the excessive rapidity and violence of the Caldew's swollen waters. This village or rather knot of villages is populous, being the seat of busy cotton manufactories. The church is a plain building, consisting of a nave, chancel, and south transept. The bell-gable is curious. The chancel has been lately repaired in the most tasteful manner by the Lord Bishop, who is patron and impropriator. The walk hence along the wooded banks of the river Caldew to Carlisle is charming.

Following, however, the high road, the only object to be noticed is Dalston Hall, now used as a farm-house. It has a venerable look of olden times, the outline is varied with turrets and battlements;

just below the parapet is a cornice ornamented with stone cannon, in imitation of the early invented ones, formed of bars of iron welded together, or rings twisted. It has long passed from the family of that name. A fine avenue of trees leads up to it and commands, from the rising ground, an extensive and beautiful prospect of Dalston, the vale, the woods of Rose, and the distant fells. The traces of a Roman encampment are observable in front. Hence the city of Carlisle is in sight the whole way till you enter it by the suburbs of Shaddongate.

CARLISLE.

The limits of this work will not allow of a large and minute description, but only of such particulars as shall appear to be most interesting to the lake tourist.

The city has lost many objects of antiquity, and wears as neat, clean, and stately an aspect as any within the borders. It stands on a gentle eminence in the midst of an extensive plain, watered by the Petteril and Caldew, which here unite with the Eden, and from their banks as foregrounds join in pleasing combinations with the distant city. Approach it as you may, it is seen to great advantage. From the south, after passing through the suburbs of Botchergate, adorned with the new edifice of Christ Church, the entrance is between the courthouses, impressing the stranger with the not improbable idea that he is entering through the bastions of a fortified city. The entrance from the west is graced by Trinity Church of Gothic architecture, while admiration is excited by the

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