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The number of graduates of gymnasiums entitled by the maturity examination to admission at universities was, in 1820, 590; in 1863, 1,805.

The total number of pupils in 1863 in 172 gymnasial institutions and 83 realschools (including higher burgher-schools) was 66,135, under 3,349 teachers.

III.-TEACHERS.

The number of candidates for teacher at secondary schools, who passed satisfactorily the examination pro facultate docendi, during the period from 1839 to 1863 is 2,583. Of these 1,807 were Protestants, 736 Catholics, and 40 Jews. Specially qualified for instruction in religion, 225; ancient languages, 972; modern languages, 213; German literature, 291; history, 320; mathematics, 562. Among them were 224 not natives of Prussia.

At the gymnasiums and progymnasiums were engaged 168 directors, 589 chief teachers, 170 theologians, 868 ordinary teachers, 170 scientific assistant teachers, 287 technical teachers, 136 elementary teachers-total, 2,388 teachers. At the real-schools and higher burgher-schools, 72 directors, 185 chief teachers, 65 theologians, 384 ordinary teachers, 61 scientific assistant teachers, 120 technical teachers, 100 elementary teachers--total, 987 teachers.

The salaries of teachers at gymnasiums in 1866 amounted to 1,379,473 thaler, those of teachers at real-schools to 523,897 thaler-total salaries of teachers at secondary schools, 1,903,370 thaler.

IV.-INCOME AND EXPENDITURES.

Of the secondary schools, 72 are exclusively royal, 95 exclusively supported by cities, 12 derive their income from private foundations, and the others from various sources. All charge tuition fees.

The expenditure for gymnasiums and progymnasiums in 1864 amounted to 1,937,399 thaler, of which were raised by tuition fees, 817,774 thaler; by private endowments, 61,795 thaler; by the commune, 208,483 thaler; by state endow ments, 230,368 thaler; by state treasury, 271,547 thaler.

Real-schools and higher burgher-schools show a total expenditure of 635,785 thaler. Raised by tuition fees, 385,281 thaler; by private endowments, 13,42 thaler; by the commune, 192,563 thaler; by state endowments, 3,436 thaler; by state treasury, 13,871 thaler.

Tuition fees vary from 6 to 33 thaler per year, according to the class attended by pupils.

SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE.

PART II.

PLANS FOR GRADED SCHOOLS.

PRELIMINARY REPORT.

THE following Illustrations of Buildings recently erected for Graded Schools in several of the principal cities of the country, are selected from a much larger number in possession of the Commissioner of Education, for many of which he is indebted to the Superintendents of Public Schools in these cities, who have in this way responded most promptly and liberally to his Circular (No. 9,) on the subject. A particular acknowledgment will be made in his full Report.

SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE.

PRELIMINARY REPORT.

PAGE.

Special Circular of Commissioner of Education, No. 8,.... 513 PLANS OF BUILDINGS RECENTLY ERECTED FOR GRADEd School,

BOSTON, MASS.......

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No. 9.

CIRCULAR RESPECTING SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE.

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION,

Washington, D. C., 1867.

THE following Circular is the substance of numerous letters which the Commissioner has already had occasion to write; and correspondents, to whom it may be addressed, will please receive it as specially addressed to them, in the way of answer, or of inquiry, on the points specified.

HENRY BARNARD, Commissioner.

A. No document explanatory of the principles of School Architecture, or illustrative of the present advanced practice in different States, has been published by the Department, but the Commissioner has been for years collecting the material for a comprehensive publication on the subject, to which any contribution in the way of suggestion or illustration will be duly acknowledged.

B. Information on any of the topics, and as far as practicable, impressions from any of the illustrations in the accompanying Classified Index, (XVIII,) will be promptly furnished without expense to committees engaged in preparing plans for school edifices.

C. The following Title and Contents will explain the nature of the document above referred to:

SCHOOL-HOUSES; PLANS OF BUILDINGS recently erected for Educational Uses; with an Introduction on the Principles of School Architecture, and its Progressive Development in the United States. [A Document prepared for publication by the National Department of Education.]

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1. Progressive Improvement and Present Condition of School-houses and their Equipment in the different States, drawn from official documents published from 1830 to 1840, and from 1865 to 1868.

2. General Principles to be observed in the Location, Grounds, Material, Construction, Lighting, Warming, Ventilation, and Furniture of Buildings designed for Educational Purposes.

3. Plans of School-houses recommended by Official Authorities, Educators and Architects in different countries.

PLANS OF BUILDINGS DESIGNED FOR EDUCATIONAL USES RECENTLY ERECTED. PART I. Unclassified Schools, or Schools with a single apartment, or at most two, in Rural Districts.

PART II. Graded Schools, or Schools with two or more classes, in Villages and large Cities.

PART III. Special Schools, such as Normal Schools, Scientific Schools, &c. &c. PART IV. Collegiate Institutions, or Buildings in which Residence and Domestic Uses are provided for, as well as Class and Lecture Rooms, Library, Cabinets, Laboratory, Gymnastics, &c. &c.

PART V. Library, Museum, Lecture-hall, Gymnasium, &c.-buildings for a special purpose.

The Introduction, and each Part, will be paged and issued by itself, as soon as completed, and its publication is authorized.

XVIII. SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE.

thool Constructions, IX, 487.

id Practical Illustrations of School Architecture, oy Henry Barnard, IX. 487; X. 695; XI. 563; XII. 701; XIII. 817; XIV. 778; XV. 782; XVI. 701.

District Schools, or for Children of every age. Plan by H. Mann, IX, 540; by G. B. Emerson, 542, 548; by H. Barnard, 550, 553, 555; by R. S. Rust, 556; by T. A. Teft, 559; by A. D. Lord, 562; by D. Leach, 563.

City Schools-Baltimore, V. 198; Boston, IV. 518; VI. 518; X. 718; XII. 701; XVI. 711; Chicago, III. 537; VI, 515; XIII, 610; Cincinnati, XIII. 623; IV. 522; New York, I. 408; VI. 524; X. 750; XIV. 788; Norwich, II, 699; Philadelphia, XI. 817; Providence, XI, 583; St. Louis, I. 348. Primary and Infant Schools. General Principles, X. 695. Playground and Appliances, X, 697. Schoolroom, by Wilderspein, X, 699; by Chambers, 702; by British and Foreign School Society, 705; by National Society, 706; by Committee of Council on Education, 710; by Dr. Dick, 714; by J. Kendal, 715; by J. W. Ingraham, for Boston Primary Schools, 718; by J. D. Philbrick, 740; by New York Public School Society, 750; in Providence, XI,

583.

Baltimore Female High School, V, 198; Cincinnati Hughes High School, XIII, 623; Boston Latin School, XII, 551; Woodward High School, IV. 522; Chicago High School, III, 537; High School, Hartford, XI, 606; Public High School, Middletown, XI, 612; New York Free Academy, XIV. 788; Providence Public High School, XI. 597; Norwich Free Academy, II, 696; St. Louis High School, I, 348.

Seminaries for Girls. Packer Collegiate Institute, Brooklyn, I. 581; Richmond Female College, I. 231; Public Grammar School for Girls in New York, I. 408; Providence Young Ladies' High School, V. 14; Vassar College, XVII. Union and Graded Schools-Plans, Elevations, &c., X, 563-612; XII, 701. Union School, Ann Arbor, Mich., VIII. 91. Public Floating School, Baltimore, V. 201. Haven School Building, Chicago, XIII, 610. Newberry Public School, Chicago, VI, 515. Putnam Free School, Newburyport, Mass., XIII, 616. Public Schools No. 20 and No. 33, New York City, VI. 524. School Houses in Philadelphia, XIII, 817. Graded School, Simcoe, U. C., VIII, 679. Union Public School, Ypsilanti, Mich., IV, 780. Norwich Central School, II, 699. Grammar Schools Plans, XII. 701. Bowdoin School, XIII, 702. Quincy School, XII. 704; Specifications, 709. Lincoln Grammar School, Boston, VI. 518. Dwight Grammar School, Boston, IV. 769. Prescott Grammar, XVI. 711. Fifteenth Ward (N. Y.) Public Grammar School for Girls, I. 409. Central High School, Philadelphin, I. 92; XIII, 831. Grammar, Providence, XI, 588, 594.

Normal Schools-Plans, Elevations, &c. Illinois State
Normal School, IV. 774. New Jersey State Nor-
mal School, III. 220. Massachusetts State Normal
School at Westfield, XII. 653. New York State
Normal School, XIII, 539. Philadelphia City
Normal Schools, XIV. 737. Girls' High Normal
School, Charleston, S. C., XIII, 620. Normal and
Model Schools at Toronto, U. C., XIV. 488. Os
wego Training School, XVI, 213. New Britain, I
51. Bridgewater Normal School, XVL 466. Fru-
mingham, XVI. 469. Salem, XVI. 470.
Public Library, Boston, VII, 252. Cooper Scientific
Union, N. Y., I, 652. Dudley Observatory, Albany,
I. 594. Yale College in 1764, V. 722. American
Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, Hartford, Ct. I
440. New York Institution for the Deaf and Dumb,
III. 346. New York Asylum for Imbeciles, Syra-
cuse. IV. 416. N. Y. State Geological Hall, IV, 781.
Harvard Hall, V, 530. Yale College, 1764, V. 702.
Apparatus for Physical Exercise, IX, 530; XI. 539 ;
XII, 677; for illustration, XIV, 569.
Blackboard and wall-surface, IX. 546, 563; X
739; XVI. 575.

Crayons, how made, XVI, 574.
Dedicatory Exercises and Addresses, III, 193; IX.
633; XIII. 836; V. 648; XII, 655; XIII, 532 :
XVI. 453; I, 645, 647.

Drawing-room and Desks, X, 554; XIV. 795; XVI 722.

Furniture for Schools, IX, 551; X, 754; XII, 687;
Defective Construction, IX. 492, 518; XI. 537 ;
Chase's Adjustable Desk, XIII, 656; Mott's Re-
volving Seat, X, 563.
Furnaces, XVI, 579, 582.
Hot-water apparatus, XVI, 713.
Library of Reference, I. 739; IX, 545.
Location and Playground, IX, 492, 503, 507, 510,
527, 542; X, 731.

Privies and Facilities for Cleanliness, DX, 520, 539 :
X, 728; XI, 607; XIII, 853.
Warming, IX, 546, 552; X, 705, 727; XI. 584, 598;
XII, 832; XVI, 579, 713.
Ventilation in American Dwellings, V. 35. In School
Houses, IX, 563, 547, 568; X, 724; XIII. 612
832, 858; XIV. 801; XV. 782; XVI. 716, 797.
Ornamentation, X. 731; Mrs. Sigourney on, 732;
Salem High School, XIV, 804; IX, 543.
Specifications, Terms of, X, 733; XII. 708.
Sents and Desks, Arrangement of. IX, 551 ; XI. 583 ;
XIII, 656; Octagonal Plan, XVI. 728; Barnard's
plan, with division, X, 760, 761.
Size of building, XVI, 716.
Stand, movable, for blackboard, XVI, 709,
Stoves for Schools, Mott's, XVI, 590; Chilson, XVI
589; Emerson, IX, 546.

Rules for Care of School-house, XIII, 851, 857; for use of Furnaces, XV. 803; setting furnace, XVL

584.

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