Companies. The Marine Insurance Companies are ten in number-Capital, $15,000,000; foreign agency, 1. Miscellaneous. The city has 384 regular Manufacturing Companies, and 202 Mining Companies. There are also 195 miscellaneous Manufacturing Companies. There are 43 Petroleum Companies, with an aggregate capital of $50.175,000. The Trades' organizations number about 150, with a membership of about 35,000. The City Railroads are 13 in number. The Social Clubs number 22. The Ferries connecting the city with its surroundings number 22. Of these, 11 ply between New York and Long Island, 7 between New York and New Jersey, 2 between New York and Staten Island, 3 between New York and other points. The whole number of passengers carried by these ferries in 1868, was 82,321,274. The imports to New York for three years ending June 30, 1868, were as follows: The exports from New York to foreign ports for the same time, were: 1866-7. $243,723,045 $110,182,050.09 1867-8. The total number of arrivals was 185 more than in 1867, and the number of American vessets, 291 greater. The taxable property of the city and county of New York in 1867, was $830,594,713. The aggregate amount of appropriations required to be made for the county government of New York for 1869, is estimated by the Comptroller as follows: The receipts of the general fund for the year 1869, are estimated at $80,000; the amount to be raised by taxation for county purposes in 1869, including the amount of the quota of the county for State taxes is $10,806,712. The purposes for which the foregoing estimates are made may be classified as follows, viz: The amount required by the laws of the State to be raised in this county for the following in The following statement exhibits the amount of tax levied in 1868, and the estimate of the amount required for 1869: For the State.. Am't of Tax levied in 1868. Estimate of Taxation in 1869. $5,564,426.. For City purposes, including boards and commissions.. 10,873,046.. To supply deficiencies arising from erroneous assess Total... ments, insolvencies, &c.. Total..... .$4,629,597 9,987,284 6,177,115 The population of the city at different dates was as follows: The accessions from Canada were larger than any former year, but as they came across the border they are not shown in this table. The total immigration for 1868, was 213,686. The city and county of New York is represented in the State Legislature by five Senators and twenty-one Members of the Assembly. of Congress are elected from the city. Six Members COMPARATIVE PRICES OF STAPLE ARTICLES IN THE N. Y. MARKETS. The prices are taken from the market reports on the first day of January in each year, from 1865 to 1869, inclusive. PRICES OF AMERICAN GOLD IN N. Y. FROM JAN., 1862, TO JAN., 1869. 1862. 1863. 1864. 1865. 1866. 1867. 1868. January April.. June July. August September.. 197 234 1364 1444 132 137 133| 142 139 144 1871 141 138 139 140 par. 105 134 160 151 160 1024 1044 153 172 157 161 196 101 102 139 1714 159 1694 148 101 102 146 159 166 187 144 160 125 129 132 142 187 140 1024 104 143 155 168 190 128 145 125 141 134 103 1094 140 148 189 251 1351 147 137 1678 136 138 139 141 109 120 123 145 222 285 138 146 147 1514 188 1404 140 1452 112 116 122 1294 231 262 140 144 146 152 1391 142 143 146 1164 124 127 1434 185 255 142 145 143 147 141 146 1411 145 October. 122 137 140 156 189 229 144 149 145 154 140 145 133 140} November.. 129 1331 143 154 209 260 145 148 137 148 137 141 132 137 December 130 134 147 152 211 244 144 148 1811 1411 1321 137į 134|| 136. *Extra State. PART III. FOREIGN STATES. I. AMERICA. 1. AREA-POPULATION-DISCOVERY-ESTABLISHMENT OF INDEPENDENT STATES- THE total area of America is estimated at 15,480,000 square miles; the population at 81,400,000. Among the large divisions of the world, America is the second in point of extent, being preceded by Asia. In point of population, it occupies the fourth place; but its population increases more rapidly than that of any other division of the world. America became first known to the Europeans in the tenth century, when Icelanders visited Greenland and other parts of the east coast. Greenland had for some time a Catholic bishop, but subsequently the connection with Europe ceased. The opening of America to the Christian civilization of Europe properly dates from Columbus, who landed in the West Indies in 1492. All the American territory remained subject to the rule of European Powers until 1776, when the United States declared their independence. Their example was at the close of the last century followed by Hayti, and at the beginning of the present century by nearly the whole of Central and South America. (See special dates below at the head of each American country). The territory of the Independent American States is rapidly increasing. In 1867 the large Russian Possessions were purchased by the United States. In the same year two of the three Danish Islands in the West Indies were purchased by the United States, but this latter purchase has not yet (December 1868), been ratified by Congress. We give below a tabular exhibition of the Independent American States, and a list of the European possessions. The independent American territory embraces about 11,000,000 square miles, or a little over two-thirds of the whole area of America, against about 4,500,000 square miles still subject to European rule. Of the latter over 3,600,000 square miles are English possessions. We have included in the European possessions, Greenland, though in fact, the Danish rule extends only over a very small portion. The total population of the independent American States may be estimated at 74,000,000; while the European possessions contain about 7,000,000. The English language is predominant in the United States, and in the British possessions, embracing a territory containing more than 39,000,000 of people. The Spanish language prevails in Mexico, the republics of Central and South America, the republic of San Domingo and the Spanish possessions, (523) including in all a territory containing about 28,500,000 inhabitants. The Portuguese language prevails in Brazil which has a population of nearly 12,000,000. French is the language of Hayti and of the French possessions, which together have a population of about 900,000. French also is the language of the majority of the population in the province of Quebec in the dominion of Canada, but the official language of the whole Dominion is English. The number of the German-speaking population in the United States is estimated at from four to five millions; there is also a large German population in Brazil, but no where is German recognized as an official language, and in the course of time it must give way to the national language. The native languages, the number of which is estimated at 600, are still understood by about 12,000,000 people; but they gradually disappear before the advance of education and civilization. In point of area, the English language now prevails in a territory exceeeding 7,000,000 square miles; the Spanish language in a territory of over 4,000,000 square miles; and the Portuguèse in a territory of over 3,000,000 square miles. Christianity prevails in every country of America, though in most countries of North and South America there are still uncivilized and pagan natives. In the United States, and the British and Dutch Possessions, Protestantism prevails, while Roman Catholicism is the religion in all the other countries. (See the tables of "Religious Statistics.") INDEPENDENT AMERICAN STATES. In the following table we give a list of all the independent American States, their area and population, ruler, title and year of accession of the rulers, and form of government. |