than to connect the conftitution of a ftanding army, with its militia, fo as to make the militia itself the better, and secure liberty the more effectually by it.-But it will be difficult to get the better of their alarms on this fubject.

Here then, fir, are many difficulties, difficulties to which may poffibly be added, the fecret interefts of powerful individuals, who will join in the prejudices of the multitude, to arreft the efforts of true patriots, and true philofophers.

It is impoffible not to be warm in wifhes for this people to arrive at all the profperity of which they are capable. They are the honour of the human race. They may become its model. They may give an experimental proof to mankind, that they may be free and happy, without wearing the chains of all kinds which tyrants and the Charlatans of every government have attempted to bind them in, under the fpecious pretence of the public good. They may give the example of political liberty, of religious liberty, of the liberty of trade and induftry. The afylum they open to theoppreffed of all the nations is to comfort the earth. The ease with which thefe oppreffed may avail themselves to fly froin the tyranny of a bad government will force the princes of the earth to learn wisdom and justice; by degrees the reft of the world will open its eyes on the nothingnefs of the political illufions which have been raifed to deceive them; but, for this purpose, America muft preferve herself from them, and not become, as your minifterial writers have taken fo much pleasure in declaring The will, the picture of our Europe, an aggregate of different potentates, fighting with each other for territorial and commercial advantages, and cementing the flavery of nations in their blood,

All wife men, all the friends of humanity ought, at this moment, to join their efforts to thofe of the wife Americans in giving them a wife legiflation.

Our two nations are on the point of doing each other a great deal of harm, probably, without either of them acquiring any real advantage from it. The encrease of debts and places and the ruin of a great number of citizens will be probably the only confequences. England feems to be ftill nearer to this than France. If, inftead of engaging in this mad war, you had had the courage to do execution upon yourfelves, if it was given to human politics to do in featon what it must be forced to do when the feason is no more, if national prejudice had allowed your government to be before-hand with events in forefight, if, fuppofing it had forefeen, it could have conceded American independence, without going to war

1

1

with any body; I believe firmly that you would have loft nothing by the change. You will now lofe the fums you have already spent, and thofe you are ftill to fpend, you will undergo great temporary diminution of trade, & great internal commotions, if you are forced to a bankruptcy, and happen what may, certainly a great diminution of weight in foreign politics; but this laft article has little to do with the real happinefs of countries, and I do not at all join with l'Abbé Raynal, in the fentiment expreffed in the motto you have taken from him. I do not think that all this will make you a contemptible nation, or throw you into flavery. Your misfortunes will perhaps, on the contrary, produce the effect of a neceffary amputation; they are perhaps the only means to fave you from the gangrene of luxury and corruption. If, in your convulfions you could correct your conftitution, by rendering your elections annual, and dividing the right of reprefentation in a manner more equal, and more proportioned to the interefts of the reprefented, you would perhaps gain as much as America by the change; your liberty would remain, and your other loffes would easily be repaired with it, and by it.

LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

NATURAL HISTORY.

Carte Corografiche e Memorie riguardanti le Pietre le Miniere, ei Foffili, per fervire alla ftoria naturale delle provincie del Patrimonio, Sabina, Lazio, Marittima Compagna e del agro Romano abbozzate e raccolte dal Prefetto degli ftudii del Reale Collegio Fernandiano alla Nunziabella, 1782. Napoli. Forty-eight Pages Folio, and Four Maps.

The maps pourtray the minerals here described :— The preface contains an account of the naturalifts who have given the natural history of this country; then follow the minerals, with the names they have in the places they are taken from.

MISCELLANEOUS.

The Grand Duke has opened a new lyceum, or academy of painting, fculpture, and architecture, wherein thofe arts, as well as the fubfidiary ones of geometry and mechanics, are taught gratis, by proper profeffors.

A method of encaustic paintings has been difcovered at Florence, which fucceeds very well, and is faid to be the ancient one

Lieutenal Colonel Crosby has prefented to the British Museum a Drawing, finished by Major André, on the day before his execution. (When the Major did it, he did not know but it was the day on which he was to fuffer, the execution which had been ordered being put off, on account of an exprefs from General Clinton, with new conditions.) It reprefents the landing. at the North River. The Major was in a boat with two men. The fcenery, two rocks and a few scattered cotts, fuit the wildnefs of the occafion. At the bottom is D. A. delineavit, Oct. 19, 1780.-Prints are taken from this drawing.

The overflow of temporary matter obliges me to defer a farther account of Sparrman's voyage, a tranflation of the life of Reifke; and an account of Mr. D'Ancarvilles' book, (in two vol. 4to. with 74 plates, price 3 g.) entituled, Recherches fur l'Origine l'Efprit et les Progrés des Arts de la Grèce, ou leurs Connexion avec les Arts et la Religion des plus anciens Peuples connus, fur les Monumens Antiques de 'Inde de la Perfe, du nord de l'Afie, de l'Europe et de l'Egypte.-The Public is alfo informed, that a gentleman, eminently qualified for the task, has undertaken to write the Philofophical part of this Review, which for the future will confift of the fame number of pages, and be printed in the fame letter as the other Reviews.

ERRAT. In p. 486 draw a line between the first and fecond paragraphs, they being unconnected in the original.

INDE X.

то THE

Remarkable Paffages in Volume VI.

N. B. To find any particular Book or Pamphlet, see the Table of Contents prefixed to the Volume.

Kaunitz Count, character of, Pfalms, Italian tranflations of

Trinitarian worthip, impro-
priety of attending it with-
out believing the doctrine,
1292

88 Vienna, account of,

END OF VO L. VI.