His influence and the imprint that he made on the minds of all of us live with us to-day just as strong as ever before, and when we propose his health at the annual banquet, as we have in years gone by, if it comes to me, I shall use just the same words, that "each succeeding year makes us love him and admire him more and more." He was a great man amongst

men.

He has left his influence and the force of his personal philosophy upon thousands-yea, millions-not because of his great business ability nor his vast philanthropies, but because of the ideals that he practiced and that he set for every man who has his life to live.

As the years went by, life brought to him all the happiness any man could ever hope to have. And I must not neglect on this occasion to pay a tribute to the one who contributed more than the world could believe to his wonderful career and to his success and character; that is, his very dear wife, Mrs. Andrew Carnegie.

In her quiet, unostentatious way she was a tower of strength, and we boys who knew Mr. Carnegie best and most intimately were wise enough to know that if we had a doubtful cause our strongest ally was Mrs. Carnegie.

Now, that is not an un-American precedent. It seems to me to exist in most American families, and I thank God that it does, because with these hustling, masterful American men, plunging forward always for material gain, the refining and restraining influence of a good woman by the side of a strong man is the finest thing that God ever created. Mrs. Carnegie occupied that position with her distinguished husband.

My friends, we have not, as you see, endeavored to make this an occasion of sadness, but rather one of appreciation of our good old, dear friend, Mr. Carnegie. I am sure if he were here he might object to some of the things that were said, thinking they were extravagant, or at least over-stated, but he would agree that his birthday should be celebrated in just the way we are doing here—not to stand up and express our deep regret at his death and at the loss the world has sustained, but rather an appreciation of the legacy of his good life to all of us.

The influence of his life will live many times longer than the age of a normal man. If he could realize that we love and revere his memory, and that his influence is a benefit to thousands, that would cause him great joy and be a supreme satisfaction; and if I have added anything to the thoughts of the friends of Mr. Carnegie in the praise which I have justly given him, then indeed am I honored by the opportunity to speak of my old, my beloved, my greatest friend-Andrew Carnegie.

FRANCIS LYNDE STETSON

JOSEPH HODGES CHOATE

Francis Lynde Stetson was born at Keeseville, New York, in 1846, graduated from Williams College in 1867, was admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced in New York until his death in 1920. Mr. Stetson was one of our great lawyers. He was General Counsel for the United States Steel Corporation and other great corporations and was prominent in many civic and professional activities. The following address was delivered at a meeting of the Century Association in New York on January 19, 1919, held in memorial of Mr. Choate, its former president. Addresses were also given by Elihu Root and Theodore Roosevelt.

INVITED by your committee to read a paper this evening upon Mr. Choate as a lawyer, I hesitated to consent, saying that superior fitness for this important duty had been shown already by three Centurians, Mr. Strong, Mr. Rowe, and Mr. Guthrie. But I was met with the reply that excepting one other I was the oldest living lawyer member of The Century and that I could not shift the obligation attaching to seniority. The argument though far from convincing was conscriptive, and obediently I am here. Since then our President Mr. Root has delivered before the City Bar Association a masterly memorial address, so comprehensive as to leave unconsidered no feature in the many-sided life of our departed friend. So I shall undertake to comply with your invitation not by traversing again the field so fully and so finely occupied by these superior husbandmen, but merely by presenting briefly my personal appreciation of the remarkable professional qualities of Mr. Choate.

His qualities were so manifold that to speak of him as a lawyer only seems to lose sight of most that endeared him

to our public, and to follow him into the workshop, instead of through the great world where for more than fifty years, day in and day out, he devoted himself to the instruction and the entertainment of his fellow-men to the very limit of his great abilities.

But considered even within the lines of his chosen profession he is to be described as the advocate more than as the lawyer. There have been profound lawyers like Mr. Southmayd who were not advocates, and there have been great advocates like Wendell Phillips who were not lawyers. And again there have been lawyers like Mr. Webster and Rufus Choate whose power of advocacy was so preponderant as to outweigh and in a measure to obscure their extraordinary capacity as craftsmen. But, like James Scarlett (later Lord Abinger) at the English Bar, Mr. Choate at the American Bar was par excellence the Advocate of the Trial Courts.

For his high service as such, he combined most of the many necessary qualifications in such an unusual degree as to set him apart from his fellows, and to mark him for special admiration alike by them and by the general public.

Some, though not all, of these essential qualifications were indicated by him in his fine tribute to the memory of James C. Carter in language which may well be quoted with reference to himself and as illustrating his own high professional ideals. He there said:

Let me try very briefly to trace the personal qualities which were the weapons by which he won the victory. . . . He had a very sound mind in a very sound body. His conscience was clear as crystal and never went back on him as it sometimes does on men whose mental vision is less clear than his. Absolute independence was the controlling feature of his life. He was not without a large share of self-assertion and yet he was one of the most unselfish of men. He was imbued with a high sense of public duty and was ardently patriotic. His power of labor was prodigious. By nature he was warm hearted and magnanimous. He honored and magnified his profession.

This enumeration, however, would be incomplete if applied in respect of Mr. Choate, who possessed also most of the many other traits regarded as necessary to the greatest suc

cess by Mr. Cox in his instructive and analytical essay upon "The Advocate." Some of these characteristics of Mr. Choate may be mentioned. He had a capacity for prolonged labors continued without sleep. He once cited the instance of Sir Roundell Palmer (Lord Selborne) still at work on Wednesday morning though having had no sleep since the preceding Sunday. Such cases are not without parallel at our own Bar. He had also honesty of purpose, truthfulness of nature, benevolence of aim, love of justice, and detestation of wrong. In a remarkable degree he was quick to feel the moral atmosphere of his tribunal. None was more alert than he in close and concentrated observation of judge, jury, witnesses, and opposing counsel, nor could any more quickly conform to any change, however sudden or unexpected. He seldom had occasion for vain regrets over a failure to say at the proper moment the proper thing. His intended speech was completed in the court-room and not in his homeward bound cab. His swift and sure perception, and his vivid and sensitive imagination were supported and directed by a prompt and sound judgment. For the exercise of all these great native powers he was fully fitted temperamentally, for he was courageous, strong-willed, self-confident, cautious, and firm. Beyond all others he maintained habitually complete command of temper and self-control.

This specification of his qualifications may seem unduly extended but in my opinion, and I believe in the opinion of lawyers who have had opportunity of observing his conduct in the court-room, they are not all that might justly be attributed to him.

No classification general in terms could embrace this Darling of the Gods and of Men, unique in a charm which was all his own. He had a beautiful person and a winning address and a strong voice with smoothness and fluency of speech. In his shining grace and sure swiftness of movement he excited and captivated the admiration of those whose favorable regard it was his bounden duty to win. Not the thunderbolt of Jove, but a shaft of Apollo, luminous and gleaming with fun, and drawn from a full quiver, was his preferred weapon, which he aimed to lodge in the consciousness of his willing hearers,