would put forth excellences of character of Stern outlines soften in the sunlit air, fair? Next to the great good that can come to a child in being well born-and that is the greatest good-is the other great good of being well educated. After being well born there is yet a necessity that a child shall be well educated that it may be fitted for life. If badly born-and more or less we are all badly born, inheriting defects from long lines of ancestry-there is a greater need that a child shall be well educated by those who have learned self-mastery, and who have conquered the animal within them, and in some degree brought out the divine. I have been accustomed to think that hereditary taints inevitably handicap one in the great struggle of life, that there is but little chance for one who has inherited defects of moral nature, and an inclination to vice. But the experience of Gen. Armstrong with the Indian children sent him to be educated has modified my opinion. They come from the wigwam to the house, crossing its threshold for the first time, regarding scornfully the habits and dress of civilized life, and glorying in paint, feathers, and blankets. But they are completely environed by civilized life, there is not the least outlet for them into barbarism; and very soon that tells on them. In a week they desire to go to the barber to have their hair cut. Then they eagerly apply for soap, towels, and water, and wash off the strata of paint in which they have rejoiced. The blankets go next, and in six weeks or two months they are familiar with all the intricacies of the clothing of civilization, and areas much at home with knives, forks, spoons, and the various appurtenances of the toilet, as though accustomed to them from birth. This comes of their environment, which so hedges them in that they cannot escape it; and this means education. If it were possible to take the worst born child, and in like manner completely environ it with the highest Christian influences, allowing it no chance to drop into bad methods of life, bringing to bear upon it the highest moral motives, helping it to fight the battle with itself and with whatever temptations came in its way, I believe it germs, that what was low in its nature would grow weak from disuse, and that we should begin to solve the question of how the dangerous classes should be treated. How to educate children is the great question of the hour. What is education? Go through the United States from Lake Umbagog to Santa Barbara, and you will find education defined as cultivation of the intellect. Our "improved methods of education" are improvements in mental culture. This is indeed a part of education, and a large part; but it is not all. We should educate the body as well as the mind, and bodily education should be made as compulsory in our public schools as is education in reading, writing and arithmetic. While eight-tenths of the boys and girls in our schools must be self-supporting, we should, in some way, engraft industrial education on our school system. But if we should so train children as to eliminate from their bodies physical defects, fortifying them where they are weak, and converting awkwardness into grace, much more should we seek to train their moral natures. It has been said here, this afternoon, that it is not possible to give moral education in our public schools, except in a very indirect way. But I cannot forget that I was once a pupil in the Boston public schools, and that from one of my teachers I received the divinest moral and religious impulses ever imparted to me. He was a deacon in Ralph Waldo Emerson's church; a man so interested in his pupils, and so fine in his own character, that he easily learned what were their besetting sins, and was wise in helping them to self-conquest. There are those in this house whose pulses will thrill at the mention of the name of Peter Mackintosh, and who, like myself, have occasion to remember him gratefully for the grand moral help he gave them in the formative period of life. Whether we are Protestant or Catholic, Jew or Gentile, Atheist or Christian, we all believe in the high moralities, and wish our children trained in them. I have occasion to know that our educators are generally in advance of the people in this regard and would, if allowed, do more in the matter of moral teaching than is now expected of them. While large scholarship is not incompatible with debasement of life and lowness of moral tone, yet whoever would have the noblest intellectual life must have a moral development that matches the mental, step by step. But in the Sunday-school it is certainly possible to train morally and religiously, if we are ourselves competent to do so. We are mistaken in supposing that only dogmas are | The low fears and dismaying presages that taught in the schools of other denominations. weigh down so many souls will be dispelled Doctrines are taught, but so also is practical by the clear atmosphere in which they will religion. Praising a servant for the improved dwell, and, with hearts throbbing evenly household service she rendered me, she said, with the heart of God, they will say confi'My Sunday-school teacher said many people dently, "Because He lives, I shall live also." thought the whole of religion consisted in Mary A. Livermore, in Christian Register. praying and going to church, but they were mistaken; that people could show their religion by faithfulness in dusting a room and setting a table and mending stockings; and, as I want to be a Christian, I thought I would try to do better than I have done. That is the right sort of teaching, in whatever Sundayschool it is given. Not alone through lesson-books, or by Biblical studies and readings, or by teaching sacred history, can a Sunday-school teacher aid his pupils in moral and religious development, but by an opportune conversation, by an interchange of visits, by enforcing lessons from home and school life, discussing the sermon of the minister when its practical bearing is marked. There are a hundred ways in which a Sunday-school teacher apt to teach, and desiring to help children to a right unfolding of character, can find opportunities of doing SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. In a recent number of the Century we find California, from which these extracts are a paper by Helen Hunt Jackson on Southern made: The South California statistics of fruits, grain, wool, honey, etc., read more like fancy than like fact, and are not readily believed by one unacquainted with the country. The only way to get a real comprehension and intelligent acceptance of them is to study them on the ground. By a single visit to a great ranche, one is more enlightened than he would be by committing to memory scores of equalization board reports. One of the very best, if not the best, for this purpose is Baldwin's ranche, in the San Gabriel Valley. It includes a large part of the old lands of the San Gabriel Mission, and is a principality Shall doctrines be taught in the Sunday- in itself. There are over a hundred men on schools? I do not see how they can be its pay-roll, which averages four thousand omitted. To love God and to love one's dollars a month. Another four thousand neighbor are the cardinal doctrines of Chris- dollars does not more than meet its running tianity. How can one teach religion at all expenses. It has six thousand dollars' worth and be silent concerning them? Let chil- of machinery for its grain harvest alone. It dren be taught that they are children of has a dairy of forty cows, Jersey and DurGod, so divine of ancestry, so royal of ham; one hundred and twenty work horses parentage, that they must carry themselves and mules, and fifty thoroughbreds. It is nobly, and not consent to meanness, low, divided into four distinct estates-the Santa selfish lives, and vice. Let us teach them Anita, of sixteen thousand acres; Puente, that to love God is to love whatever is good, eighteen thousand; Merced, twenty thou and just, and true, and that loving brothers, sand; and the Potrero, twenty-five thousand. sisters, school-mates, and humanity as humanity as a The Puente and the Merced are sheepwhole is also loving God, since God is our ranches, and have twenty thousand sheep on common Father, and we are all brethren." them. The Potrero is rented out to small Let us seek to train children to regard farmers. The Santa Anita is the home estate. earthly life as the first school of the soul, On it are the homes of the family and of the where there are lessons to be learned, tasks laborers. It has fifteen hundred acres of oak to be mastered, hardships to be borne, and grove, four thousand acres in grain, five hunwhere God's divinest agent of help is often dred in grass for hay, one hundred and fifty hindrance; and that only as we learned well in orange orchards, fifty of almond trees, the lessons given us here may we expect to sixty of walnuts, twenty-five of pears, fifty go joyfully forward to that higher school to of peaches, twenty of lemons, and five hunwhich we shall be promoted, where the tasks dred in vines; also small orchards of chestwill be nobler, the lessons grander, the out- nuts, hazelnuts and apricots, and thousands look broader, and where life will be on a of acres of good pasturage. loftier plane. While the coldness of skepti- ranches are usually desolate places; a great cism seems to be creeping over the age,- stretch of seemingly bare lands, with a few mainly, I believe, because of its great im- fenced corrals, blackened and foul smelling; mersion in materialism of life and activity- the home and outbuildings cluttered together it is possible to train children to such far- in a hollow or on a hillside where there is reaching telescopic religious vision that they water; the less human the neighborhood the will overlook our fogs and mists of doubt. | better. The loneliness of the life is of itself The sheep a salient objection to the industry. Of this TO ONE NOT COLLEGE-BRED. That is a common saying among people of good mind: "I wish I had a college education; then I should know where I stand." There is felt a want of certainty as to whether one is showing ignorance when he is speaking. He would come up to the requirements of a subject, and fears he is not doing so. The college would have given him a standard. Certainty is the need. Is there any substitute for a college education? driving or conducting a horsecar; or may be elsewhere employed, held down to your occupation through the long hours of the day, and tired out when evening comes; and yet you may be aspiring, a thing in itself ennobling, though never known to other men. What is the suggestion here? Find your common sense and use it. The field of knowledge reaches from the simplest things out to things infinite. Apply your common sense to making change, filing a piece of iron, meeting people, looking into human nature. Have a dictionary. Get an encyclopedia. Take up some fact and let it dwell in your mind, now and then recalling it, not at the expense of duty. It is one fact among millions. But note how it will grow with thinking on it; how it will call other facts to mind until your mind is thronged. I think you are using your common sense when you are doing this. Certainly you are getting education. you will note that amidst the vastness cannot attend to everything. Find out if you have a bent, and follow that. Take a specialty. But you It is not that one should be a "perambulating encyclopedia" in order that he may know where he stands. It is rather that he should have insight. Use your common sense and you will find yourself looking into things and seeing the truth in them. And having insight, speak. You then have authority.-W. W. T. in the Sower. SOME NEWLY REMARKED INSTINCTS. Let it be said that every young person ought to go to college if he can; but if he cannot go, he may yet do as college-bred people do. He may find a test, as they do, by which to know when to be silent and when Mr. Charles S. Clarke, of Peoria, Illinois, to speak. It is among the secrets of the col- recently related, in a lecture before the Scienlege that a student learns how to keep silent. tific Association of that city, an incident, the He has had the professorial head shaken at key to which, if it is found to be of general his inaccuracies so often that he has learned application, may disclose a hitherto unnoticed the chief lesson of the course: How to keep How to keep principle of our organization. A child. had from venturing upon guesses. been lost in the hazel bushes near its home. Now, let one not college-bred learn to dis- and, after all the neighbors had failed to find tinguish between his guesses and his know-it in the course of a day's search, an old ledge, and how to keep from venturing upon his guesses and to say gracefully, by his silence, "I don't know," and very likely he will be taken for a college man. The modesty with which he will then, once in a while, say: "I wish I had had a college education," will be charming. It is mournful for a man to find what he is reduced to at the close of the senior year. He went in loquacious. He comes out quiet. He has been in a sieve. He has been shaken unmercifully. There is almost nothing left of him. A deal of chaff and a little grain; that is all. The Freshman bulk is gone. Knowledge? The main point is: Has he any common sense. Would you know where you stand? You may be behind a counter, or in a factory, or "It was trapper was called in to assist. He marked three miles in diameter, and children in two, unless they are led away by a trail or stopped by a stream. In the course of the same address, Mr. Clark also gave the following example, illustrating how much the senses can be cultivated: "While we were talking, two young dogs had gone to a small eminence, a few rods from the old man's cabin, and, with their noses in the air, would at short intervals utter a low, warning cry. The trapper soon noticed it, and calling to an old dog in the cabin, he said, 'Dave, go up yonder and see what those youngsters are making a fuss about.' The dog, after reaching the place and standing a moment with outstretched neck and distended nostrils, gave a clear but low warning notice, such as I had never heard from a dog before. 'Is that so, Dave?' said the old man. He immediately went to the same place and began to sniff the air, much after the manner of the dogs. Sure enough, Dave,' he said, 'You are right.' 'What is it?' I asked. 'The prairie is on fire,' he said, 'some thirty or forty miles northwest from here! I must set a back-fire on the other side of the creek, or my cabin and bees will be in ashes before morning, should the wind raise; and, by the way,' he said, 'you go back by the way you came, and tell the people to set back-fires at once, and have them send word to the settlements below.' Before starting I tried my sense of smell, and, although I imitated the attitude of the trapper and the dog, I could detect nothing but the sweet October air." The warning given by the dogs was justified in the event.-Pop. Science Monthly. EVERY place may be a heaven or a hell, according to our state of mind. That is always heaven when we have enough to know, enough to do, and enough to love. Knowledge brings content. We become inwardly peaceful as we see more and more of the infinite order and beauty of the outward universe. Work brings content. Peace of mind is given us by all faithful labor for good ends. Love brings content. To pass out of selfish and narrow ends, out of egotism and vanity, out of pride and self-will, into large and generous sympathy, opens the heart to the divine love. So we may enter heaven while yet in this world, and sit in heavenly places with Christ Jesus. Let us trust God. Let the sad heart take courage, let the doubting soul look up and receive light. So long as we are in loving communion with the spirit of goodness we shall not fear, but know that all things are working together for our good.-J. F. Clarke. "Self-reverence, self-knowledge, self-control, Are the three hinges of the gates of life, That open into power every way." ITEMS. for admission into the Union as a State. THE Territory of Montana is about to ask ports the total circulation of the United States THE Director of the Philadelphia Mint reon October 1st at $1,730,597,823, of which $544,512,699 was in gold coin, and $235,291,323 in silver. The total circulation increased $19,115,635 since October 1st, 1882. WINTER and wild beasts make sad work among domestic animals in Russia. Last year disease 5,550 camels, 32,000 horses, 14,000 cattle it is declared that from cold, snow-storms and and 130,000 sheep perished, and that 70,000 cattle were killed by the wolves. THE institution known as the Morgue, says the Architect, originated with the Sisters of Mercy (Filles Hospitalières) of Sainte-Catherine, generally known as the Catherinettes, who undertook to pick up the dead bodies France, and bury them at their own charge found lying in the public thoroughfares in in the Cemetery of the Innocents. THE Municipal Council of Lisbon has passed a resolution making cremation compulsory in times of epidemic. At other times it is to be optional, but the remains of interred bodies are to be burned every five years. A lack of of burial grounds to populous quarters of the cemetery accommodation and the proximity city make the new requirements peculiarly needful in Lisbon; but, considering their character, they have been accomplished with surprising facility. GREAT loss of life has been caused by earthquakes on the peninsula between Chesme, in Asia Minor, opposite the island of Chios, and Vourla, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Smyrna. All the villages in that region have been destroyed, and it is believed that upward of 1,000 persons have perished. Most of the houses collapsed at the first shock, burying their inmates. The people who escaped beAmong the villages destroyed were Katopacame panic-stricken and sought the fields. naya, Reis, Dere and Lidja. Later telegrams from the Mediterranean have also been received, as follows: Malta, October 22.—A slight shock of earthquake was felt here at 2 o'clock this morning. was felt in this city at 3.30 o'clock this mornTrieste, October 22.-An earthquake shock ing, but was harmless in its effects. Smyrna, October 22.-The people in the earthquake district are afraid to enter their houses, although there have been no fresh shocks to-day. FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER. "TAKE FAST HOLD OF INSTRUCTION; LET HER NOT GO; KEEP HER; FOR SHE IS THY LIFE.” VOL. XL. PHILADELPHIA, ELEVENTH MONTH 10, 1883. No. 39. EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY AN ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS. COMMUNICATIONS MUST BE ADDRESSED AND PAYMENTS MADE TO JOHN COMLY, AGENT, AT PUBLICATION OFFICE, No. 1020 ARCH STREET. TERMS:-TO BE PAID IN ADVANCE. The Paper is issued every week. The FORTIETH Volume commenced on the 17th of Second month, 1883, at Two Dollars and Fifty Cents to subscribers receiving it through mail, postage prepaid. SINGLE NUMBERS SIX CENTS. It is desirable that all subscriptions should commence at the beginning of the volume. REMITTANCES by mail should be in CHECKS, DRAFTS, or P. O. MONEY-ORDERS; the latter preferred. MONEY sent by mail will be at the risk of the person so sending. AGENTS:-Edwin Blackburn, Baltimore, Md. Benj. Strattan, Richmond, Ind. Entered at the Post-Office at Philadelphia, Penna. as second-class matter BALTIMORE YEARLY MEETING OF 1883. The ninety-second Yearly Meeting of Friends in the city of Baltimore was opened at Lombard Street Meeting-house on the 29th of Tenth month, with an attendance fully equal to the average of preceding years. All but three of the representatives responded to their names, and for these absences satisfactory reasons were given. Early in the meeting, Sarah Hunt rose, and with fervency exhorted those now entering upon the work of the Church to direct their attention to the Great Source and centre of all Wisdom and Goodness, and to seek for ability truly to exalt the great and excellent name of the Lord of Hosts. Minutes were read, as follows: For Isaac Hicks, a minister from Westbury, L. I.; for Jonathan W. Plummer, a minister from Chicago, Ill.; for Ezra Fell, a minister from Wilmington, Del.; and for Sarah Hunt, a minister from Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. Ann Packer explained that she had been furnished with a minute expressive of the unity of her Monthly and Quarterly Meeting, but that it had, by oversight, been left behind. She hoped to have it forwarded to her before the close of the meeting. A warm welcome was extended to the ministers bringing credentials, and to others who were present without minutes. The company and sympathy of Friends from other parts of the country than that included in Baltimore Yearly Meeting was very acceptable. The passing away of so many of the aged, long deeply valued as ministers and guardians of the flock, was alluded to, and S. H. said, with great feeling, that not one of the noble band of Friends whom she had here known in her early days as standard-bearers, now remains. But in place of fathers and mothers of the past generation, she rejoiced to see the children, faithfully carrying on the work of righteousness, and wearing the armor of light. They are worthy of their fathers, and will pass onward from height to height. Another Friend pointed out the beauty of the divine order-that the youth and middleaged should succeed the aged. The more advanced should take these by the hand and encourage them to step forward into places of usefulness and responsibility in the Church. The reading of the Epistle from Philadelphia was next in order. This document was felt to be edifying, and the several particulars dwelt upon in its pages were believed to be of vital importance to the well-being of the Society of Friends. After the naming of Committees for collecting the religious Exercises and for other matters of ordinary business, the meeting adjourned until 3 P. M. At the hour adjourned to the meeting convened for the afternoon session. |