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So gradually round this shrine will gather tribute from many sources. The Alumni, who already comtemplate from many a vantage ground their Alma Mater with love and pride, are a continually increasing band. About 600 graduates have gone forth from these doors armed for the battle of life, and now as mother, wife, teacher, and physician are putting in practice the power gained at Vassar. As my eye runs along the columns which record the status of these children of the college, I fail to find any idlers. Doubtless some have had quiet uneventful lives absorbed in home duties, but we feel an assurance that no good lesson, either moral or intellectual, has ever been really lost.

During our visit, our friend, the doctor, gives an evening party to all the faculty and officers of the college, and we have an opportunity to have a taste of the social life which these learned professors and young teachers enjoy in the intervals of their work. The household, which drew together on that occasion, numbers about 40, and we bear away with us memories of easy converse with gifted men and women, festal cheer, kind welcomings to the freedom of the college and its grounds, and courteous assurances of the high value of the professional and personal services of our friend and entertainer-the maiden physician of Vassar.

And the little birds sang east, and the little birds sang west.

Beauty, fragrance, sportive learned converse, grave repose, sweet silences, and strains of solemn harmonies, allure us to linger in these high halls, where Christian liberty, sound learning, and reasonable æsthetics are working out their legitimate results. S. R.

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out of this jurisdiction.

You, and every one of you, are required, in King's Majesty's name, to take these vagabond Quakers, Anne Colman, Mary Tomkins, and Alice Ambrose, and make them fast to the cart's tail, and driving the cart through your several towns, to whip them upon their naked backs, not exceeding ten stripes a piece on each of them, in each town; and so to convey them from constable to constable, till they are out of this jurisdiction, as you will answer it at your peril; and this shall be your warrant. RICHARD WALDRON. Dated at Dover, December 22, 1662,

This warrant was executed only in Dover and Hampton. At Salisbury the constable refused to obey it. He was sustained by the town's people, who were under the influence of Major Robert Pike, the leading man in the lower valley of the Merrimac, who stood far in advance of his time, as an advocate of religious freedom, and an opponent of ecclesiastical authority. He had the moral courage to address an able and manly letter to the court at Salem, remonstrating against the witchcraft trials.

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Bared to the waist, for the north wind's grip
And keener sting of the constable's whip,
The blood that followed each his-ing blow
Froze as it sprinkled the winter snow.
Priest and ruler, boy and maid
Followed the dismal cavalcade;
Looked and wondered gaffer and crone.
And from door and window, open thrown,
"God is our witness," the victims cried,
"We suffer for Him, who for all men died;
We bear the stripes that the Master bore!
The wrong ye do has been done before,

"And thou, O Richard Waldron, for whom
We hear the feet of a coming doom,
on thy cruel heart and thy hand of wrong
Vengeance is sure, though it tarry long.
Climb and kindle a proud roof-tree
"In the light of the Lord, a flame we see
And beneath it an old man lying dead,
With stains of blood on his hoary head."+
"Smite, Good-man, Hate-Evil!-harder still!”
Drive out of their bodies the Father of Lies,
The magistrate cried, "lay on with a will!
Who through them preaches and prophesies!"
So into the forest they held their way,
By winding river and frost-rimmed bay,
Of the winter sea at their icy feet.
Over wind-swept hills that felt the beat

The Indian hunter, searching his traps,
Peered stealthily through the forest gaps;
And the outlying settler shook his head,-
"They're witches going to jail," he said.
At last a meeting-house came in view;
A blast on his horn the constable blew

And the boys of Hampton cried up and down, 'The Quakers have come!" to the wondering town.

From barn and wood-pile the good-man came; The good-wife quitted her quilting frame, With her child at her breast; and, hobbling slow,

The grandam followed to see the show.

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Once more the torturing whip was swung, Once more keen lashes the bare flesh stung. Oh, spare! they are bleeding!" a little maid cried,

And covered her face the sight to hide.

A murmur ran round the crowd: "Good folks,"
Quoth the constable, busy counting the strokes,
No pity to wretches like these is due,
They have beaten the gospel black and blue!”

Then a pallid woman, in wild-eyed fear,
With her wooden noggin of milk drew near:
“Drink, poor hearts!" A rude hand smote
Her draught away from a parching throat.

"Take heed," one whispered, "they'll take your cow

For fines, as they took your horse and plow, And the bed from under you."

"Even so

She said. "They are cruel as death I know."

† Many years after, Major Waldron was killed by the Indiaus.

Then on they passed, in the waning day,
Through Seabrook woods, a weariful way;
By great salt meadows and sand-hills bare,
And glimpses of blue sea here and there.

By the meeting-house in Salisbury_town,
The sufferers stood, in the red sundown,
Bare for the lash! O pitying Night,
Drop swift thy curtain and hide the sight!

With shame in his eye and wrath on his lip
The Salisbury constable dropped his whip.
"This warrant means murder foul and red;
Cursed is he who serves it," he said.

"Show me the order, and meanwhile strike
A blow at your peril!" said Justice Pike.
Of all the rulers the land possessed,
Wisest and boldest was he, and best.

He scoffed at witchcraft; the priest he met
As man meets man; his feet he set
Beyond his dark age, standing upright,
Soul-free, with his face to the morning light.

He read the warrant: "These convey
From our precincts; at every town on the way
Give each ten lashes." God judge the brute!
I tread his order under my foot!

"Cut loose those poor ones and let them go;
Come what will of it, all men shall know
No warrant is good, though backed by the
Crown,

For whipping women in Salisbury town !''

The hearts of the villagers, half released
From creed of terror and rule of priest,
By a primal instinct owned the right
Of human pity in law's despite.

For ruth and chivalry only slept,
His Saxon manhood the yeoman kept;
Quicker or slower, the same blood ran
In the Cavalier and the Puritan.

The Quakers sank on their knees in praise
And thanks. A last, low sunset blaze
Flashed out from under a cloud, and shed
A golden glory on each bowed head.

The tale is one of an evil time,

For Friends' Intelligencer.

NATURAL HISTORY STUDIES.

Southern New- World Bats.-Bats in general are known as Cheiroptera, or wing-handed animals. They are divided by naturalists into several different families, none of which except the Vespertilionida, or the common, or evening-bats, are found in the northern United States.

Geologically speaking, bats are an exceedingly ancient race, having been in existence from the dawning periods of the higher mammalia up to the present time, and many of them exhibit an appearance almost as uncouth as could well be imagined of any mammalian extinct or living. In the case of the bats, however, it arises not from any imperfection, but usually from some extraordinary developments of the sense of touch, and of the curious contrivances employed as organs for the super-sensitive nerves of the marvelthis class of animals. lously refined sense of feeling which exists in

The leaf-nosed bats of the tropical and subtropical regions of the New World, from Central to South America, are known among scientists as forming the family Phyllostomida, and include the celebrated vampyres, which are the largest of American bats, some species of them being from two to two and a half feet in expanse.

Contrary to the received opinion, these large vampyres are now known to be mainly fruit-eating animals, and are, by the inhabitants of the countries where they are found, considered as perfectly harmless. This is, however, not the case with some smaller kinds known as Desmodonts, or blood-sucking bats. These are truly dangerous animals, and may cause the death of domestic poultry, other birds, cattle, horses, and even human beings. The very small round hole which they create is an entirely painless

When souls were fettered and thought was wound, and, as they keep up a gentle fanning

crime,

And heresy's whisper above its breath
Meant shameful scourging and bonds

death!

of the wings while they draw the blood, the patient usually sinks into a deeper slumber and under the grateful coolness, and is not aware of the puncture or abrasion until morning reveals the continued flowing of the blood. It is not the actual quantity required for food by the bat-for this amount abstracted from the body would probably not be of serious injury-but the fact that after having satisfied its appetite the desmodont flies away, leaving the opening unbandaged, which constitutes the real danger. Once started, the flow of blood may continue silently for hours, weakened beyond hope of recovery, or be so and when discovered the sufferer may be reduced in strength as to be in the condition of a person under the effects of a severe illIn The Atlantic Monthly. | ness. One instance came to the knowledge

What marvel, that hunted and sorely tried,
Even women rebuked and prophesied,
And soft words rarely answered back
The grim persuasion of whip and rack!

If her cry from the whipping-post and jail
Pierced sharp as the Kenite's driven nail,
O woman, at ease in these happier days,
Forbear to judge of thy sister's ways!

How much thy beautiful life may owe

To her faith and courage thou canst not know,
Nor how from the paths of thy calm retreat
She smoothed the thorns with her bleeding
JOHN G. WHITTIER,

feet.

of the writer where a valuable horse was sacrificed by these bats in the West Indies, and a second instance occurred in Central America, where one of the men belonging to an exploring expedition, and under the medical charge of Linnæus Fussell, M. D., now of Media, Del. county, Pa., was disabled as above described, although the evening before he was in perfect health. Buffon, D'Azara, Swoinsen, Darwin, Wallace, and other entire. ly reliable naturalists, testify to similar facts, and no doubt can longer exist as to the correctness of such statements.

Species of this family, belonging to another group, are characterized by an extensile tongue, barbed at the end with reversed prickly hairs. At one time these bats were supposed to be especially bloodthirsty and cruel, but more careful observation proves that this barbed tongue is intended for nothing more sanguinary than the juices and soft pulp of several different kinds of berries, and that the owners thereof are really a very gentle race of fruit-licking bats. One of these, fed in captivity, ate berries from the hand of its protector by rapidly lapping up their contents, even licking the fingers of the juice spilt upon them, and carefully cleaning out any that had collected under the nails. When given a berry, he used his wrists in the place of hands, applying the thumbs to enable him to hold the fruit more firmly, and in this manner licked up the juice and pulp as neatly as before. One of these extensile tongued bats (Choronyxtis mexicana) is found in Mexico. The head, with its long snout, has a remarkably piggish aspect, and the leaf appendage, which stands upright on the nose, although nothing more formidable than an expansion of the skin, yet strikingly resembles, in miniature, the horn of a rhino

ceros.

Another species of these leaf-nosed bats is found as far north as California, and also inhabits Mexico and the West Indies. It is known as the long-eared bat (Macrotus waterhousii) and feeds on grasshoppers and fruits, but in addition is accused of cannibalism in preying on smaller bats. Still another, a Centurio, of Mexico and Cuba, is said to stand unrivalled among known mammals for its peculiar and grotesque physiognomy.

Belonging to another family, that of the Noctilionidæ, or night bats, is a peculiar group, strictly confined to the warm countries of America. These are known as the bulldog or mastiff bats, and are included under the name of Molossi, by some zoologists considered as a distinct family, that of the Molossidae. Their faces are distinguished by a peculiar dew-lap, which gives them the aspect of a mastiff. In some species the lips

are crimped so as to be very extensile when spread to aid in catching their prey, which consists of swift-flying and hard-shelled beetles. The flight of these bats more than equals that of the insects they pursue. They are the swiftest of their kind, and at the same time walk or creep on the ground better than any other bats. When running they rest on their wrists, elevating the body and wings. One of them, the chestnut-mastiff bat, comes as far north as Cuba and Jamaica. Its ears are so long and drooping that they completely cover the eyes; but if the face be touched the little fellows are quick enough to draw back these natural curtains to see what is interfering with their noses. When handled they manifest their dislike of such familiarities by excessively harsh and shrill, but not loud screeches.

To this family of the night bats belongs the "snouty bat" of South Carolina, Texas, California and southward, a species which is described as only less grotesque than the longeared bat of the Phyllostomida.

In Florida has lately been discovered a member of a family hitherto known only in Africa, India and Australia. Our ideas of beauty are so associated with the small and delicate ear of the human being, that scarcely the gravest of us could repress a smile at the enormous and apparently ludicrous disproportion of the size of the ears in this family, this disproportion being heightened in effect by the union of the two ears over the middle of the head. These bats are known as Megaderms, or great ears, and the admirers of the odd in nature may well congratulate themselves on the accession of this bat to the fauna of North America.

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GRACE ANNA LEWIS, Acad. Nat. Sciences, Phila.

THE BEST HELP.

Mrs. Charles R. Lowell, of New York, in paper on "Duties of Friendly Visitors, makes some excellent suggestions as to aiding women who are needy: Widows and women with disabled husbands, who have young children, form a class by themselves, and may receive direct relief, if only it is guarded and graded in accordance with their circumstances. The condition of a woman who must perform the part of both father and mother to her children is indeed pitiful, and here is a field where a Friendly Visitor may expend care and thought for years perhaps. The right plan to adopt is the following: 1. Find what the woman can live on decently. 2. What she can make without neglecting her children. 3. Secure for her regular help, which she can depend on receiving on a fixed day of the week or month, and which is to

be sent to her, so that she need waste no time in going for it, and which, with her own labor, will make up the sum absolutely required for her family. 4. As the children come to an age to help, see that they are trained to do so in the best way, and gradually diminish the relief until it is entirely withdrawn.

A very good plan with widows with young children is to induce two to live together, one to go out to work, the other to care for both families at home. This saves rent and other expenses, and the children are not neglected and allowed to grow up worthless and idle. In such cases, the amount of outside aid needed is reduced to the minimum.

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The difficulty is not that there are not hundreds of ways of helping people, but that we will not take the trouble to carry them out. If you choose to say: "I can't be bothered by giving my clothes out to be washed;" "I can't have a man coming every day to run errands;" "I can't have a little girl in my house, breaking the things and troubling the servants,”—that is all right, perhaps. You must do what you think best, but do not deceive yourself by saying that you do not know how to help poor people without giving Acknowledge frankly that you will not or cannot take the trouble to do it, and that, consequently, you have not the faculty to be a Friendly Visitor of the Charity Organization Society. Finally, all of us who ever attempt to have any dealings with the poor would do well to bear in mind the foling admonition of Miss Octavia Hill: "Let us never weakly plead that what we do is benevolent: we must ascertain that it is really beneficent too.'

them money.

ITEMS.

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Subscriptions have been received by the THE Foreign Exhibition Association opens Treasurer for improvements around Fair Hill in Boston in September.

EXPERIMENTERS are now at work, with reasonable hopes of success, on paper railroad ties.

POSTMASTER HUIDEKOPER, in compliance with instructions from the Postmaster General, advises the public sending books, pamphlets and other articles through the mails, to place the address on the articles enclosed as well as on their wrappers, so that, should the wrappers become detached, it would still be possible to deliver the articles.

AT the meeting of the American Association, held in Cleveland, Ohio, last week, the following resolution was adopted :

"Whereas, Good nursing is of paramount importance to the comfort of the sick, and to the restoration of their health; and

Whereas, The subject is one which strongly addresses itself to the common sense and kindly sympathy of every intelligent member of society, therefore,

Meeting-house as follows:
Joseph Wharton..............

(additional)....

W. R. B.
Clement M. Biddle
Amos J. Peaslee
Matthias Shoemaker
Amos Hillborn

Joseph M. Roberts.....
Edwin B. Zorns...
Brock Watson....

Anna L. Wharton....
Cash....

Henry C. Hawkins...
James Collins, M. D..
Davis Jones.
Job A. Walton..
Jonathan Tyson.
Joseph Pettit...
A. P. Hancock.
Samuel W. Kennedy.
John L. Hough.....

..$100 00

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W. H. & S. T. Vandegrift.....

10 00

15.00 100 00

5.00

5 00

10 00

15.00

10.00

20 00

2.00

5.00

16 00

25 00

5 00

SPENCER ROBERTS, Treasurer. 421 N. Sixth street.

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FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER.

"TAKE FAST HOLD OF INSTRUCTION; LET HER NOT GO; KEEP HER; FOR SHE IS THY LIFE.

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VOL. XL.

PHILADELPHIA, SIXTH MONTH 23, 1883.

No. 19.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY AN ASSOCIATION OF friends. COMMUNICATIONS MUST BE ADDRESSED AND PAYMENTS MADE TO JOHN COMLY, AGENT,

AT PUBLICATION OFFICE, No. 1020 ARCH STREET.

TERMS:-TO BE PAID IN ADVANCE.

The Paper is issued every week.

The FORTIETH Volume commenced on the 17th of Secon¿ month, 1883, at Two Dollars and Fifty Cents to subscribers receiving it through mail, postage prepaid.

SINGLE NUMBERS SIX CENTS.

It is desirable that all subscriptions should commence at the beginning of the volume.

REMITTANCES by mail should be in CHECKS, DRAFTS, or P. O. MONEY-ORDERS; the latter preferred. MONEY sent by mail will be at the risk of the person so sending.

AGENTS:-Edwin Blackburn, Baltimore, Md.
Joseph S. Cohu, New York.

Benj. Strattan, Richmond, Ind.

Entered at the Post-Office at Philadelphia, Penna. as second-class

matter

MARIA KIRBY.

The following memorial concerning Maria Kirby, forwarded by Upper Springfield Monthly Meeting, N. J., was read in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting at its last session.

We believe a brief memorial of our beloved friend Maria Kirby, who has recently passed from earth may be in season, while the impression of her gentle spirit and unassuming goodness remains in our hearts. Those who were familiar with her daily walking, can bear testimony to the blessed influence of her quiet, peaceful, consistent life.

With the spiritual eye directed to the Great Leader, and with her dependence upon the one source of wisdom and strength, she gave evidence that He to whom she had dedicated her heart in early life, was still with her to sustain under whatever trials or provings might come upon her.

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She was an earnest advocate for the maintenance of the order and discipline of our Society, and by example encouraged others in the support of Truth's testimonies, believing them to be a hedge of safety, guarding from any encroachments of a hurtful tendency.

She was several times brought under deep suffering on account of the death of her children, but she was strengthened to bear these bereavements with Christian fortitude and endurance, evincing her reliance upon Him who sustains in times of trial and affliction.

She was faithful to the Divine promptings, and careful to attend to the convictions of right as they were manifested to her, and was favored to live in close communion with her Maker. After the decease of her husband, which occurred in the Ninth Month, 1874, she continued to reside in the same rural quiet home with her youngest son, whose filial kindness and attentions were a solace in her remaining years, which were marked by a gentle decline of physical strength, but so gradual that she was able to attend her religious meetings until the close of her long, useful, and beautiful life;-beautiful because adorned with the Christian graces of meekness, gentle

Maria Kirby was born near Crosswicks, Burlington County, New Jersey, on the 13th of Sixth Month, 1804. She was the daughter of Jediah and Anna Middleton who were valuable members of the religious Society of Friends, and who trained their family of sons and daughters "in the nurture and admonition of the Lord." In conversation with her friends she would occasionally refer with grateful emotion, to the parental care bestowed in early years. She was united in marriage withness, and love. Robert Kirby, in the year 1823, and removed It was during this long period of faithful

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