A PEACE UNION exists at Osnabruck, Hanover. Its object is to oppose the embarking in lawsuits, and its members undertake to engage have endeavored to obtain an amicable settlein no suit until the arbitrators of the society ment. The Union last year numbered 684 members, and out of twenty-five cases submitted to it twenty-three were peaceably arranged.

earth's interior, since in such a case the erup- | Consulate will consist of two members, one tions would inevitably occur through the Chinese, the other American. capacious crater of the lower volcano. The phenomena of earthquakes remain to be considered. As regards them it may be said, as was said of volcanoes, that they are neither of the extent nor of the energy that would necessarily exist, if the ground we walk on were merely a thin shell covering a white-hot liquid nucleus. It has been shown that earthquakes are vibrations, and that they originate in shocks that take place at only a slight distance under the surface, in some cases not more than two or three miles. The abandonment of the old hypothesis in regard to the earth's interior does not necessitate the relinquishment of the nebular hypothesis. It requires merely a restatement of some of its minor particulars,-a restatement that improves it, insomuch as it embodies a greater number of the laws of physical science. In the light of modern geological research we can enunciate this hypothesis briefly some

what as follows:

In its earlier stage the earth was a whitehot liquid nucleus having in its vast atmosphere many substances that in later times became solid or liquid. The process of

WITHIN the past month there have been tions of this country, on the evening of the very heavy storms in the North and West sec17th inst., a cyclone passed north of Racine, Wisconsin. Thirty-five or forty buildings were destroyed. Four persons are known to be killed and several others are mained. In Chicago an A squall in the afternoon blew down about 400 unusually heavy wind and rain storm prevailed. feet in length and 50 feet in width of the temporary building for the coming exposition of railway appliances. Four workmen were injured.

THEtotal number of immigrants who arrrived in the principal customs districts of the United States during the ten months which ended during the corresponding period of the previous April 30th, 1883, was 417,689, against 544,601 year. The net immigration into Canada from January 1 to April 30, 188, was 22,255, against 15,373 during the corresponding period of 1882. NOTICES.

QUARTERLY MEETINGS.

2, Whitewater, Richmond, Ind.
4, Centre, Dunning's Creek, Pa.
4, Prairie Grove, Prairie Grove, Ia.
7, Salem, Salem, N. J.

radiation cooled it so that the least fusible bodies at the surface became solid, and thereby increasing in density sunk into. the liquid mass. This process of solidifi- Sixth mo. 1, Nottingham, at Deer Creek, Md. cation and subsidence continued until the whole mass became solid, but the inner portious as they were removed from contact with the cooler air, remained at the elevated temperature at which they first solidified. Mechanical and chemical causes acting over limited areas may produce either an elevation of temperature or a reduction of pressure, sufficient to liquefy heated rocks, and they, finding a vent, escape in volcanic eruptions. The contact under the earth of considerable

masses of water or other liquids with melted rock is capable of producing the explosions that are the cause of earthquake shocks. JOHN M. CHILD. Philadelphia, Fifth mo., 1883.

ITEMS.

ON the 16th inst., the steamer Silesia arrived at New York from Naples, with 1118 Italian

passengers.

THE Southern Exposition will open at Louisville, Ky. on the first of 8th month.

THE Senate of New Jersey has passed a bill imposing a fine of $20 on any one convicted of selling tobacco to minors.

{{

66

11, Genesee, Y. M., Farmington,

N. Y.

11, Baltimore Q. M., Sandy Spring, Md.

66 14, Haddonfield, Medford, N. J.

21, Fishing Creek, H. Y. M., Mill

ville, Pa.

30, Scipio, Q. M., Deruyter, N. Y.

Universal Peace Union will be held in Friends'
The Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the
Meeting-house, Rutherford Place, New York,
Sixth month 1st, 1883, at 10 A. M., 23 and 73
P. M. Friends specially invited.

Friends who have relatives interred in Fair Hill Burying-ground, and feel an interest in having a pernianent iron fence erected around the same are invited to meet the Committee at Fair Hill on Seventh-day afternoon, Fifth mo. 26th, 1883, at 4 o'clock.

A meeting of the Visiting Committee of Abington First-day School Union will be held at Warminster Friends' Meeting-house, at the Fifth mo. 27th, 1883, to which Friends are corclose of the morning meeting on First-day, close of the morning meeting on First-day, dially invited. Trains leave Third and Berks It is announced that the Peking Govern- at 9 o'clock A. M., and Ninth and Green at ment has decided to establish a Chinese Con- 8.35, for Johnsville Station, on N. E. P. R. R., sulate in Chicago for the protection of its sub-in time for morning meeting. jects in that city, about 700 in number. The

CHAS. BOND, Clerk of Committee.

FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER.

“TAKE FAST HOLD OF INSTRUCTION; LET HER NOT GO; KEEP HER; FOR SHE IS THY LIFE.

but reverence the spirit of sacrifice which animated them, yet would hardly feel justified in expecting so large a measure of self-reOn his return from England Samuel Bow-nunciation in our day. We must bear in nas settled down to a diligent prosecution of his business, yet in no way neglecting his religious engagements, being regular in the attendance of meetings and doing good service at funerals and on other public occasions.

root of true religion and discipline, or Church government, well qualified with experience in divine wisdom; but there were also some who seemed very perfect in the form, and appeared to the outward very exact and zealous against pride and worldly customs, but for all that, the inside was not right, so that I found often, very close exercise amongst them, in warning them against the leaven of the Pharisees, which was equally if not more hurtful to religion than that of the Publican, and in some places showing that it was needful to be good examples in plainness of speech as well as apparel which many had deviated from; but nevertheless such there were, who, though plain and otherwise strict, were too much taken up with the world and the riches of it, making haste to increase their substance, which was a very great hindrance to their growth in the life of religion, setting forth that a form without life, whether by education or otherwise, would not avail; also warning ministers in the exercise of their gifts, to keep to the spirit and mind carefully their openings, and not to preach the letter under a pretence of preaching the spirit, and so instead of ministering life, minister death to the people."

Samuel Bownas attended over eighty meetings in Ireland, and on leaving had a fullness of peace, being glad that he had been there. A rough passage of twenty-four hours on the water brought him and his companion, Michael Lightfoot, to Workington.

Passing on through the north of England, they stopped at many places that had been visited on his former journey, and had satisfactory meetings, though by reason of "deep snow and very hard weather," some of the general meetings were small.

In the meetings of ministers and elders, Samuel had close and searching labors. He mentions as particularly worthy of note the excellent condition of the Quarterly Meetings of Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Lancaster, though at that time there was no meeting of ministers at Lancaster. He writes, "It may justly be said that these counties are in a very thriving way in the very life of religion and true godliness."

While at Lancaster Samuel Bownas was summoned home, by a letter from his wife, whose illness made his immediate return imperative. On his homeward journey a few other meetings were held, mostly to satisfaction. He expresses thankfulness that he was enabled to do so much, and to leave nothing undone, save in the case of Dublin Monthly Meeting, where he had something to say, but "the hasty breaking up prevented it;" this gave him uneasiness for some weeks after, and he mentions it "as a caution to others," for he writes, "I missed such an

opportunity as I could never more expect to have, and this added to my uneasiness; thus I saw that my fear of breaking in upon the meeting and hindering the business, made me lose my time, and I came off with a burden upon my mind."

His wife lingered until Third month 1746, when she passed away. This is all that is said concerning her. They had lived together twenty-four years. A little over a month after her decease Samuel Bownas left his home again to attend some of the Quarterly Meetings held about that time, and a Yearly Meeting at Gloucester, and had good satisfactory meetings. Finding "a constraint of love" to visit London, he waited until "clearly satisfied in the undertaking, and felt easy to go near the close of the year." Of this visit he writes, "The First days were hard service, but the evening meetings at Grace Church street were very open, and the gospel flowed to them plentifully, a vast variety of hearers of different states and professions frequented, but the fountain being opened there was a supply suited to their conditions."

He complains of the remissness of Friends in giving notice of meetings which was "not as it should be," he believing that if they were desirous of having their neighbors, where "the minister is so concerned," it might be of great service to them. In the course of this visit Samuel Bownas met with many of his early companions in gospel labor, which was a great satisfaction to him. One of them, James Wilson, joined him in religious service. In the county of Durham he found a large gathering of Friends, who conducted their business, and carried on their affairs "to edification and comfort," and he had "an agreeable time."

There was "some convincement," and Samuel was opened to show "the difference between true and false ministry, demonstrating the qualifications of each, that they might judge whether a spiritual qualification, which. sanctifies and purifies the conscience, fitting it for receiving the knowledge of the divine will by inspiration of the Holy Spirit, or a human qualification by literature and books, with what they call ordination, too often without the sanctification of the heart by the word of truth, was most likely to advance the work of true religion.

At Birmingham Monthly Meeting he had "an edifying time." The Elders were exhorted "to keep their places as watchmen over the youth, and to be good examples, and to take care that the poor were not neglected, but assisted in due season.' The same want of attention to the giving notice of meetings complained of before, was found to prevail even to a greater extent in this part of hiş

or ingenious insincerity. If by twisting words, creeds, and texts, by making reservations and explanations, an issue can be postponed or evaded, it will certainly come up again. Earnest living means earnest feeling, sym

man can really be living in earnest who is too intent on his own pleasure to hear the cries of need that come from humanity.

faces the account of Samuel Bownas' life, which I trust many have followed with interest, it is said of him, "his conversation was free, generous, and affable; nor did he shun the society of those whom he was sent to convert, his mission being somewhat corres-pathies that are quick, responsive, active. No pondent to that of his Lord and Master who declared concerning himself," I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance." He was of a grave deportment and of a tall, comely, and manly aspect. His public preaching was attended with such a divine authority and majestic innocence as commanded the attention of his hearers, and his voice being clear, strong, and distinct, was capable of ing heard by a very numerous auditory. His literary accomplishments were but small, extending little farther than to enable him to read the scriptures in his mother tongue, yet by constant use and application, he became thoroughly versed therein, and enabled by the force of their testimony to confute the gainsayers of his doctrine. He chose the middle walk, in his profession, neither idolizing forms nor condemning good order.

Earnest living means also earnest working It is not alone consecrated thought and feeling that are needed, but consecrated activity. We do not realize the deep seriousness of life until we are ready in spirit to say with Paul, be-"Lord, what wilt thou haye me to do?"Christian Register.

In the testimony issued by the Monthly and Quarterly Meetings to which he belonged, it is said, "It pleased the Lord to endue him with a large gift in the ministry, in which he was a faithful laborer, and gave himself up for that service-that he had a gift of utterance superior to many-sound in judgment and doctrine and very convincing to the understandings of those that heard him."

If the lesson gathered from the life of this eminent servant of Christ shall in any measure encourage the reader to imitate so worthy an example, the pleasant service which is now brought to a close will be doubly blessed.

EARNEST LIVING.

L. J. R.

Not

Earnest living is needed to-day. gloomy, Puritanic, long-faced earnestness, but the cheerful sincerity of men and women who are living in and for the truth. No life has been fully lived that has not been lived in earnest, that is not moving toward a moral and intellectual goal.

Earnest living means earnest thinking. Problems of life and thought meet us at every hand. They concern our own conduct, character, destiny, and the welfare and development of humanity. They cannot be settled by a listless, stolid indifference. We must meet them, and grapple with them as they rise. Boldness, courage, honesty, and earnestness are needed in dealing with them. The time is past when we can remand our thinking to priests, popes, and councils. The age demands individual and intelligent conviction. It will not accept as final any evasive

From the British Friend.

LONDON YEARLY MEETING OF 1882. The last Yearly Meeting was marked by the presence of circumstances and by a course of action which have created a belief in many minds that a movement has commenced, threatening a radical change in the character and principles of the Society, and consequently foreshadowing the last that will be seen, as a Church, of what has been vulgarly called Quakerism. Something may rise from its ashes, perhaps something good: but it will not be Quakerism.

The circumstances are unprecedented, and the proceedings so at variance with such as had before ever characterized the Yearly Meeting that a feeling of perplexity arises with the endeavor to analyze the conflicting elements which mark this undisguised deviation from established usages.

The Yearly Meeting up to the year 1882 may be described as an assembly met for the purpose of sustaining a Christian Church and of edifying its members; of training up and encouraging young and old in "a religious life and conversation." As respects the object there was, it may be said, complete unanimity; and, in the mode of attaining it, with room for diversity of views, there was little ground for serious differences. A candid frame of mind, with a willingness to learn and a readiness to yield, notwithstanding previously formed and even well-digested opinions, is obviously indispensable to profit and safety in deliberation. The object of argumentation is to convince, that of the listener to weigh patiently and carefully, with a desire to be unbiassed by mere preconceptions. As the members of a jury are exhorted to dismiss from their minds everything that might interfere with a just verdict, so Friends at their annual gatherings, as at all similar meetings, would cast aside all ideas tending unhealthily to influence the judgment, not because of an exhortation, but as a result of