2,000 are expected to follow, and 2,100 will be left in the Kars district, while there are others in Siberia, in prisons, scattered in outlying districts, whose number I am unable to estimate.

"This is how I understand the case, but for the reasons indicated it is possible that my figures may be inexact.

The

Referring to the Cyprus colony, E. W. Brooks, at the sitting of the Friends' Meeting for Sufferings, in London, on the 7th instant, said no detailed reports were yet to hand. chief difficulty there will be the climate. The high grounds are barren but healthy; low ones fertile and malarial; the intermediate districts are already occupied. As regards those still in Russia, the Friends' Committee would assist their emigration, but not undertake the responsibility of carrying it through."

Vladimir Tchertkoff, who has been so much mentioned in connection with the Doukhobortsi, is not himself one of them. He is a Russian "nobleman,' a friend of Count Tolstoi, and for some time, we believe, his private secretary. He was exiled from Russia for his championship of the Doukhobortsi, and has remained in England, in order to help their emigration.

At this writing we have one further subscription, which is acknowledged below; should there be anything further received in time we will add it.

NOTES FROM MOHONK CONFERENCE. OPENING, Tenth month 12, at 10 a. m., in the parlors of the Mountain House, A. K. Smiley explained briefly his view that there remained a work to be done for the Indians. Nations must be just to the weak. Justice to the Indians does not depend on their numbers. The Indians may be inferior to the white race in some respects, yet in some particulars they are superior.

Philip C. Garrett, on taking the chair, delivered a brief address. A letter was read from Senator Dawes, regretting his absence, and explaining the satisfactory progress of the work in the reorganization of Indian Territory. General Whittlesey gave an interesting resume of Indian work. The only Indian trouble the past year was that in northern Minnesota.

The national government's expenditure on Indian account for the present year, (ending Sixth month 30, 1899), would be $7,653,000, an increase of $221,000. Of this, about $3,200,000 is for schools, $600,000 of the sum being under treaty agreement. There are 295 Indian schools of all kinds. The enrolment shows an increase of 1,040. An investigation shows that not less than 48 per cent. of the graduates of non-reservation schools, (such as Carlisle, etc.), take up allotments of land, and 76 per cent. become good citizens. The largest irrigation work in progress is that on the Crow reservation in Montana; it is said to be one of the finest examples of such work in the country. The land allotments approved for the year have been 813; 979 others have been reported, but are not yet acted on. An inquiry into the allotment system shows about 25,000 made altogether, and that about 80 per cent. of the allottees are on their lands, and doing more or less cultivation. The agents report the benefits of allotment many, the evils few.

General T. J. Morgan observed upon this report that the enrolment in the Indian schools nine years ago was 16,oco; it is now 24,000. About 35,000, he said, in reply to a question, might be considered the whole number of Indian children of school age,-excluding the Indians of New York State, and the “Five Civilized Tribes" of Indian Territory.

J. A. Gilfillan, an Episcopal missionary for twenty-five years among the Chippewas, (properly Ojobways), said there were about 9,000 of them. They are a peaceful tribe, and never had any conflict with the whites till the present year. They took no part in the Sioux rising of 1862-refused to do They do not, he said, "use bad language." He never

so.

heard one of them do so but once. They do not steal. He never kept arms in his house. He goes constantly to Leech Lake, the place of the troubles, and knows the Indians there well. He then described the "pine lands" abuse, already outlined in the INTELLIGENCER. A few years ago there were great pine forests, extending 100 miles; these are now largely destroyed. He spoke of the introduction of liquor among them, and the gross abuses connected with it. In the earlier period of his labors, say twenty years ago, he never saw a

drunken Indian.

Herbert Welsh delivered a very earnest and impressive address in the evening of the 12th, on the administrative methods of the Indian service, pointing out defective and unsatisfactory conditions, as well as signs of progress. President Slocum, of Colorado College, Denver, and others followed.

In the morning session, 13th, President Slocum delivered an interesting address on educational lines, using many physiological and psychological data in illustration. General Morgan proposed the separation of the Indian school work from the Indian Bureau, and its transfer to the United States Bureau of Education. Sibyl Carter described her lace work among the Indians. Anna Dawson, the native Indian field matron at Fort Berthold, N. D.,—among the Mandans, Gros Ventres and Arickarees,-said there was an improvement in their ways of living. Some are saving money

to build two, and three-room cabins, "like white man's house." She has cooking classes for women, and they come to them. There are fewer cases of disease from ill-living; the "medicine men" are in less repute, and the agency physician is more called on.

"

Mrs. Quinton, describing her observations among tribes in California and Arizona, the past summer, earnestly supported Miss Carter's proposal of a store, or depot," for the regular sale of Indian industrial products. She related a pathetic incident of a Navajo woman, who offered a splendid blanket, made with great care and labor, to the post trader, who would give her but $3—not more than one-fifth what she should have had—for it.

General Morgan spoke of the improvement of the agriculture of the Kiowas and Comanches on their semi-arid lands. They have successfully introduced the culture of alfalfa. They receive no rations.

The addresses on the evening of the 13th bore upon the expansion policy of the Government as seen in the light of our experience with the Indians. Dr. Lyman Abbott, who spoke at some length, presented as the key-note of his thought the formula that "a democratic government is incompetent to exercise paternal functions." All his argument, including many citations of defects in our treatment of the Indians, led up to the conclusion that we should not acquire such colonial responsibilities as the Philippines, but he did not plainly say Dr. Ward, of the Independent, made an earnest and effective plea for self-government for all, including Cuba and the Philippines. The best government for every people, he said, was that which they provided for themselves, and he pointed to the Spanish-American countries, especially Mexico, as proving that though it took time, they would ultimately reach stability and good order.

So.

Most of the morning session, on the 14th was devoted to the platform, and the evening session to closing exercises and addresses.

Walter C. Roe, missionary among the Cheyennes and Arapahoes, in Oklahoma, made an interesting and effective address, describing his work. The allotted Indians are striving and progressing. He mentioned many hardships. The water of the region is impregnated with gypsum-very “hard.” When used with soap it makes a fair quality of mucilage. Washing is thus discouraging. Water from the mission-house well, which is "soft," is often taken 15 or 20 miles for drinking. He mentioned "the poor, thin cloth" now hung over the Indians' shoulders for protection from the weather, instead of the "good, old, warm, impervious buffalo-skin. His Indians, he said, are down, now, in the depths of necessity, face to face with wretchedness, and obliged to save themselves by labor. He thought this a step further on the road than those tribes have taken that have not had lands in sever

alty allotted them. Most of the Arapahoes are at work, and many Cheyennės.

The subject of schools being brought up, several speakers, including General C. H. Howard and others, said the reservation school and the boarding-school, (Carlisle, Hampton, Haskell), were both needed, and there was no conflict between them.

In the discussions, many pithy things were said by different speakers :

It has been our theory, said Dr. Abbott, that "any American can do anything at all, in no time, if he is only asked to try." We have sent men to the Indian field without experience, and almost without fitness. "We have sent intemperate men to teach the Indians sobriety, ignorant men to educate them, lazy men to instruct them how to work.”

Dr. Woodbury: "Say what you please of the Indians' deficiencies, they have this capacity-they know a man, when they see him."

Walter C. Roe: "The Indian policy of the Government has been wise and generous in its aims and purposes, but defective in its execution.'

A pleasing incident was the support given, under the enthusiastic leadership of A. K. Smiley, to two practical pieces of work the formation of a stock company to encourage the Indian pottery industry, and the help of Mrs. Roe to build a meeting-hall and mission-house at her station. For the former purpose a minimum of $1,000 was asked, and some $1,500 subscribed, and for the latter a minimum of $700, and over $1,100 raised. Mrs. Roe said she felt she could not face the difficulties of her work without such a building, and her description of her situation, and plea for help-a most convincing object lesson of the value of effective public speaking -brought her the liberal response stated. She feelingly expressed her thankfulness. Joseph J. Janney subscribed $100 for her, in behalf of Baltimorė Friends. H. M. J.

FROM ABBY D. MUNRO.

Editors FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER :

We enjoyed meeting a number of our friends, in New York and Philadelphia, as we stopped in those cities, on our way down from our New England home. The cordial hand-shake and expressions of interest, as we were so many times bidden God-speed in our chosen work, were encouraging. And to those of our friends whom we could not meet, we wish to extend, through the columns of the INTELLIGENCER, a cordial greeting, and remind them that we are at our old post, having entered upon another year of labor. That it may be a successful one, next to God's blessing, we ask your prayers, your interest, and substantial aid.

Our school opened October 3, with the same corps of teachers as has been with us a number of years. Thoroughly acquainted with their pupils and with the work before them, they could enter upon their duties without delay; and we found them all in their places, upon our arrival, happy and enthusiastic. Between two and three hundred pupils were present, although but few of the country children have as yet taken up the line of march through the heavy sands of the Georgetown road. Cotton-picking will detain them awhile longer. As usual, the children are glad to get back to school, and are getting down to their winter's work in earnest. There is no lack of interest or zeal at this end, I assure you.

This has been a rainy summer,—such as was hardly ever known. Rain indeed has been the rule, rather than the exception. Potatoes have rotted in the ground; the corn-crop is a failure, while the cotton which promised so well, has been injured by "rust," the effect of the wet weather. "Not more than half a crop will be gathered," said a planter to me, a few days since. All this means less work for the poor people. I sincerely wish there were some manufacturing interests here, or something the people could depend upon, besides farming. It has grown to be a very poor dependence. The weather continues warm and pleasant, thus far, no frost having put in its appearance. After such a hot summer a little cool weather would be very acceptable. With the opening of school, our Industries" have started, and like the school itself, are going on, as if there

had been no break. A further report of these, of the " Home for Destitute Children," and the Old Folks' Shelter, will be given in the October Visitor.

We have begun well, and it looks as if a successful year were before us. We trust that our friends will, with ourselves, do all in their power to make it so. Much has been done, but still more remains to be done. The training of these young people, hand as well as heart and head, grows in importance, and we hope still to keep on doing our share. ABBY D. MUNRO.

Mt. Pleasant, S. C., October 21.

Conferences, Associations, Etc.

PEACE CONFERENCE AT WARMINSTER. -On a beautiful Sabbath afternoon, Tenth month 16, quite a large number of Friends, and others interested, gathered to attend a Conference appointed by the Philanthropic Committee of Abington Quarterly Meeting. Alfred H. Love and Lukens Webster from Philadelphia, and Jesse H. Holmes from George School, were present, and bore testimony to the excellence of Peace and Arbitration, both as a means and a result. We were glad to learn from the President of the Universal Peace Union something regarding the work attempted and accomplished by it during the period before the recent war, and to find not only President McKinley but the Queen Regent of Spain were so anxious to avoid war.

There was expression in disapproval of the so-called "Peace Jubilee," in Philadelphia. A Peace Department, instead of the War Department in our Government, was suggested as a good change.

Lukens Webster feared that the spread of military sentiment in our country will result in placing us as a people on as low a plane as the military nations. The fact of heavy taxes being directly due to war was mentioned. It requires patriotism to fight a battle, but more is required to pay the debt. Dr. Jesse H. Holmes believes we can never justly call that a free government which is forced upon a people without their consent.

Mary R. Livežey felt mothers had a work to perform in keeping military playthings away from the children. Sarah C. James referred to the immense amount of money required to pay pensions caused by war.

The meeting closed with the general feeling that it was good to have held it, and better to have attended. A. C.

Millville, Pa.-Young Friends' Association met Tenth month 9. After the usual reading from the Scripture, the roll was called and responded to, by Bible quotations.

A continuation of the biography of James and Lucretia Mott was presented, and a reading, by George W. Henry, The Big Shoe." Charles D. John followed with a carefully prepared paper on "Little Things," in which the leading thought seemed to be that "we cannot acquire happiness directly but only as we assist others to it.

The portion of the Discipline that refers to "Plainness" was read by Beatrice Eves, after which the question, "What, as a Friend, is my duty to my country?" was considered. Several took part. Some notes of their remarks follow:

R. Anna Kester: A Friend's duty to his country is the same as his duty to a citizen. The cornerstone to all true government is love to God and love to man.

Ellen Russell: What is a Friend? He who lives up to the best that is in him, is a true Friend. Hence a Friend must do for his Government whatever is required of him to make him at oneness with God.

Francis M. Eves: Our duty to our Government is the same as our duty to our home.

Rachel S. Eves: Being a Friend does not change our duty to Government.

H. W. Eves: To do the best that we know because it is right.

Charles D. John: Each has a right to work in the line that he deems proper, and no one has a right to criticise unless he knows that the work is wrong.

MYRON EVES, Correspondent.

BALTIMORE, MD.-A meeting of the Young Friends' Association was called for the evening of Tenth month 14.

The subject for discussion was "The Czar of Russia as a Peacemaker,' opened by Harold J. Turner. He first showed the strength of Russia in territory and in numbers, and reviewed her relations with the neighboring countries. The idea of the present Czar is not a new one, but he deserves credit for carrying out suggestions that have been made at various times by other rulers. The Czar now rules over oneseventh of the world, and Russia has no need to fight in order to increase her possessions. If she fight civilized powers, it it because she is compelled to, and if she fight uncivilized ones, it is because she deems it best for them. The Czar has long since realized that as far as the prosperity of his country is concerned, it has nothing to gain by fighting.

SOME SWARTHMORE STATISTICS.

THE number of new students entering Swarthmore College this year, 76, is the largest since 1891-2, when 83 entered. Considering, however, that there were that year 26 subcollegiate," or "unclassified" entries, against only 9 this year, the entries in the regular college classes are now 67 as against 57 then, which shows an encouraging growth of the collegiate work. The whole number in the College, 186, is larger than for three years past, and practically the same as 1894-5, when there were 187.

It is fairly evident, from a study of the statistics of the College, that the period of general depression in business, which began in 1893, had an unfavorable influence upon the attendance. Young men who would otherwise have gone on to obtain a collegiate education went to business upon completing their course in the preparatory schools.

The total number of graduates of Swarthmore College, in eight years has been 241, the classes being as follows: 1891, 24; 1892, 23; 1893, 24; 1894, 39; 1895, 34; 1896, 41; 1897, 34; 1898, 22. Of the whole number, 241, 123 have been young men, and 118 young women, showing a very even movement of the two sexes. The entries of young women, however, have for six years past exceeded the entries of young men, a fact which supports the view taken above that many young men have felt obliged to "go to business.' More effort, it would appear, has been made, relatively, to help on young women than young men, in the last few years. Yet it is evident that if culture is to be given to one sex and not to the other a very undesirable inequality must result.

SWARTHMORE COLLEGE NOTES.

Important improvements in the French Department have been made during the present year. Dr. Magill is now assisted by Mme. Hortense Nicolai, a Parisian, who has had a number of years of successful experience in teaching French in this country. She takes charge of the pronunciation, the conversation in French, and the writing of French exercises, while the doctor has under his charge the translation, the grammar and literature of the language, and the International Correspondence. He feels that this is an ideal method of

arranging the work in teaching a modern language, and anticipates from it excellent results.

More than eighty students are now enrolled in the French classes, and more than half of these now have regular· correspondents in France. Many of the letters received from abroad are read and commented upon in class, and the correspondence, now going on for the second year, has given new life and interest to the department. Mme. Nicolai will later take charge of the training of her more advanced students in public speaking in French, which will be a valuable aid in giving them a ready command of the spoken language.

Upon an invitation of the Swarthmore Alumni Association, Mrs. Yarnall, president of the Philadelphia branch of the Collegiate Alumnæ Association, recently spent a day at the College.

During the winter Dr. Trotter will deliver a course of University Extension lectures in New York, on the subject of Anthropology.

The Classical Club has elected as their president for the year, Prof. Ferris W. Price, and as Secretary, Helen M. Fogg, 1900.

At a recent meeting of the Somerville Literary Society the evening was given up to the consideration of the Klondike. The personal reminiscences of one of the members were a pleasing feature.

A minute was recently made by Indiana Yearly Meeting, recommending the creation of a fund for the general prcmotion of the interests of Swarthmore College, and for the aid of young Friends desiring to attend.

Among recent important additions to the Library are Britton and Brown's Illustrated Flora of the Northern States and Canada, three volumes, purchased from the Alumni Fund; and "Ferns of North America," by D. C. Eaton, in two large volumes, illustrated in color.

'99.

ABINGTON FRIENDS' SCHOOL.—The school re-opened for the year of 1898-99 on the 13th of Ninth month. The attendance is fully up to the average of several years past, at this time in the term, the enrollment on Tenth month I being 108 in actual attendance. The day students as usual outnumber the boarding students. An increased attendance of large boys is noticeable among the day students.

The corps of instructors is almost the same as last year, the only new teacher being Arthur C. Smedley, of Willistown Inn, Chester county, Pa., a graduate of Swarthmore College. Four of our last year's students entered college this term— two at Swarthmore, and two at the University of Pennsylvania. The class expecting to graduate next year numbers six, three boys and three girls. The vigor that is showing itself at this time among the students, both in their school work and on the athletic field, is an unusually gratifying sign of progress, and cannot but show good results in the near future.

LITERARY NOTES.

*

THE two works by Robert Bird, of Glasgow, Scotland, which are advertised in the INTELLIGENCER, "Joseph the Dreamer,” and "Jesus the Carpenter of Nazareth," have had great acceptance among Friends and others in Great Britain. The sale of each has been large. We are not sure that in this country they have had the attention they deserve. The | author's publications now make a somewhat extended list, and several of his books are finding their way into other languages. That on Jesus is being translated into the Tamil, a language of south-eastern India, for the use of Madras students, and into Welsh, while another one, “A Child's Religion," is being translated into German. Dr. Bird is now engaged on a book on Paul.

The recent outbreaks of the volcano of Vesuvius give timeliness to an article by H. J. W. Dam on "The Mystery of Vesuvius,” in the next number of McClure's Magazine. The author and the artist, C. K. Linson, made a recent exploration of the volcano, for McClure's; and the article em'braces much new information thus gained. It will be illus

The leading article in Appleton's Popular Science Monthly for the coming month will be a discussion of the origin of the peoples which originally settled middle America. Prof. E. S. Morse, the author, is well known as a scientist and traveler, and his views on such a subject are of great value and interest. Another interesting paper in the same issue is “ The Torrents of Switzerland," by Edgar R. Dawson. It is an account of the engineering problems and the way they have been solved, which have presented themselves in the necessity for controlling the turbulent streams of that mountainous country.

· COMMUNICATIONS.

MEMORIAL MEETING: JOHN L. GRIFFEN. Editors FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER :

FRIENDS of the late John L. Griffen propose holding a meeting in the library room, 16th street and Rutherfurd Place, New York City, at 7.30 p. m., Eleventh month 5, for the purpose of testifying to the worth of this dear Friend. It is hoped that many Friends among the large acquaintance he had in all the yearly meetings will send to me at once such brief testimonies to his character and example as they may feel like making, as well as reminiscences or incidents of his life that they may know of. Address, John Wm. Hutchinson, Department of Parks, Central Park, New York City.

PERSONAL NOTES.

JOHN PLUMMER, son of our friends Jonathan and Hannah Plummer, of Chicago, has removed with his family from the latter city to Denver, Colorado, on account of his wife's state of health. He has been connected with the firm of Morrisson, Plummer & Co., in a responsible position.

Henry Gawthrop and wife, who have resided at Swarthmore for some years, left Philadelphia on the 17th inst., for a residence of indefinite length on the Pacific coast. They expected to spend about three months in New Mexico, and then proceed to southern California.

"

Edward H. Winslow, who belongs to the old New England family of Friends of that name, and is himself a Friend, has been appointed librarian of the Sailors' Home" in San Francisco. This is an old and popular institution established by the United States Government under the administration of Franklin Pierce. It is still owned by the United States, but the management is vested in a board of women trustees of San Francisco, and Oakland, among whom as a leading spirit, is Nellie Blessing Eyster, the author, formerly of Harrisburg, Pa., a niece of "Barbara Freitchie, Barbara Freitchie," immortalized by the poem of our beloved Whittier.

Sarah E. Mitchell and her husband Joseph Mitchell have removed from Washington, where they have lived for nine years, to San Francisco. They are regular attenders of Friends' meetings, and Sarah takes active part in the educational and philanthropic work of the " Silent Workers," who are active there. She belongs to the Trego family, of Salem, Ohio. They lost their mother and their only child, Mabel E., a promising young woman of twenty years, while in Washington.

Susanna Taylor, of Alameda, Cal., now in her 78th year, was present at Friends' meeting in San Francisco, on Firstday the 9th, walking to and from, in preference to riding. She belongs to a long-lived family; her eldest sister, Lydia N. Walton, is 92, and visits from city to city, frequently going alone. Another sister, Rebecca Temple, 89, lives at the old homestead in Fallowfield (Ercildoun), Chester county, Pa. Her sister, Mary P. Temple, 76, of Seattle, is in good health and manages her property and business there. Her two brothers, William and Chalkley, aged 81 and 84, are in Philadelphia. The family consisted of fourteen children, all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood. Susan is a constant reader of the INTELLIGENCER and distributes her copies when read among her friends.

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. DOROTHY DEANE: A CHILDREN'S STORY. By Ellen Olney Kirk. With Illustrations. Pp. 325. $1.25. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. (Received through Henry T. Coates & Co., Philadelphia.)

THE BLINDMAN'S WORLD, AND OTHER STORIES. By Edward Bellamy. With a Prefatory Sketch by W. D. Howells. Pp xiii. and 415. $1.50. Boston Houghton, Mifflin & Co. (Received through John Wanamaker, Philadelphia.) THE GREATEST THING EVER KNOWN. By Ralph Waldo Trine. Pp. 55. $0.35. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co.

THE MESSAGES OF THE EARLIER PROPHETS. Arranged in the Order of Time, Analyzed, and Freely Rendered in Paraphrase. By Frank Knight Sanders, and Chas. Foster Kent. Pp. xv. and 304. $ Philadelphia: John

D. Wattles & Co.

THE TEACHING OF JESUS. Extracted from the Four Gospels, and arranged by Jean du Buy. Pp. viii. and 80. $0.50. New York: James H. West.

For Friends' Intelligencer.
OCTOBER.

A FLUSH is on the maple bough,
A chill is in the air,

A golden haze on all the hills,
October everywhere.

On all the by and lonely ways,
Ablaze is every spray,
Its signals on the tree-tops float,
Beside the broad highway,

All who wander now abroad

Surely must have seen her ; The aster and the golden rod

With modest bloom adorn her. Our hearts go out to greet the maid, Whose name is bright October. E. AVERILL.

West Vienna, N. Y.

We sing softly with low voices in a slow and waking dream, While far off the breaker feathers in dull music up the shore.

But by fitful flow and falling there blows a boding breath, A wind that steals from spaces of unknown and nameless chill,

And it wraps about our dreaming a darker dream of death, And takes the singing from the lip and makes the music still!

-Harriet Prescott Spofford, in Harper's Bazar.

GOLDEN SILENCE.

WHEN one I knew had passed away,
A man was found to smoothly say
Much that was tender, praiseful, sweet,
Of him still-lying at our feet.

But other two, in homelier wise,
Looked shyly in each other's eyes,
Clutched hands, and then with vision blurred,
Choked down a sob,—and spake no word.

-Richard Burton, in Sunday School Times.

Correspondence of Friends' Intelligencer. “INTERNATIONAL PENSIONS” OF

EUROPE.

It would be of interest to know how many persons not in some way personally concerned, have any knowledge of the existence of a great society for the protection of young women and girls who are obliged to live among strangers and to travel alone.

Some

of us have heard of the Margaret-Louisa Home for girls in New York, and most of us in Philadelphia | know of the Women's Christian Temperance Association, having its great building at 18th and Arch streets. But it was not until reaching one of the International Pensions of Europe, in Antwerp, that I had any idea of the existence of this wide-spread organization having its branches in all the principal cities of Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America, Central America, and Australia,-in fact almost all over the civilized world. Miss Kuhlmann, in whose pension we staid, was an officer of the Union Internationale des Amis de la Jenne Fille, and it was from her that I got the data and the addresses of members of the society which were of interest then and of practical use to me later in traveling alone in Switzerland.

It is one of the official duties of Miss Kuhlmann to board every incoming steamer, in person or by proxy, and to take charge of any young woman who may be introduced to her by letter or otherwise, who is entering Antwerp as a solitary stranger and who wishes a safe lodging at reasonable rates. She will also escort to the steamer or otherwise assist those who are alone or in need of addresses and information, and thus it is possible for a solitary girl to be forwarded all over Europe, met at the different cities on arrival, and prevented from falling into evil hands through ignorance or helplessness. Notices of the Notices of the Society are posted conspicuously in many of the large stations in European cities, and I saw one printed in both French and German in a railway carriage in Switzerland.

Being undecided myself as to the best way of reaching Berne from Paris, a journey just long enough

to land one either inconveniently early in the morning or uncomfortably late at night, I wrote to the representative of the Society at Bale, and received a satisfactory reply in twenty-fours hours. But it was not until reaching the quaint old town of Berne by a different route, that I became practically acquainted with the "Marthalians," as the refuge or pension is called usually in the places where German is the language spoken. I found it without difficulty, very near the station as is usual, and fortunately finding the fine large guest room with its two nice beds vacant at 2 francs-40 cents per night, had reason to consider myself in good hands. Religious exercises of a nonsectarian character, except so far as they are "Christian," are a feature of these houses, there are a few rules for inmates, no hardship to any well disposed person, and in the Marthalians at Berne there was every appearance of a plain, comfortable, and wellordered cheap pension. The head of the house, too, was a remarkably sweet-faced gentlewoman, whose lady-like presence has no doubt influenced the character of the whole establishment, and who did all in her power to make my short stay as pleasant as possible. Indeed those in charge all seemed to take a genuine friendly interest at Berne, quite aside from the financial dealings in the case, and I felt that in leaving them I was leaving friends.

My next experience in spending a night at the "Home de la Gare," in Geneva, was quite different and less pleasant, and for once I came down to genuine "hard pan." It is quite an addition to a liberal education to learn sometimes what a considerable class of society have to put up with in inconvenience, if not actual hardship, and when the porter left me and my portmanteau at the top of a seemingly endless flight of stairs in a high building, and I was ushered into a small and poverty-stricken, but clean suite of apartments, I was not exactly edified, though content to make the best of it, and to see how my less fortunate sisters had to take things.

The little, wizened, shrewd, old Swiss lady told me the guest-room was occupied, but that I could have one of two cots in the dormitory, the third being occupied. I chose the farthest and we proceeded to make the bed with fresh linen, then and there. I was also given a broken pitcher and cracked basin, with a clean towel, then deposited my few things and adjourned to the combination sitting and dining room. A small organ was the most pretentious article in the room, but it seemed in disuse and we had no music. No cloth on the old oil-cloth covered kitchen table for supper, and nothing but a well-seasoned maccaroni soup and afterwards the maccaroni itself, with some "hunks" of coarse bread in a wicker tray. Grace was said; seven or eight of us, a mixed company, sat around the table, and I was able to do full justice to the homely fare, of which all had a sufficiency, such as it was. Supper over, as it was quite dark, there was nothing to do but go to bed in the dormitory, or find something to read, and as attractive literature was scarce, my French dictionary and a story came in very well, and I also tried to help one pleasant-faced girl to learn English, for all in the house spoke French or German exclu