ABINGTON FIRST-DAY SCHOOL UNION.-The semi-annual meeting of Abington First-day School Union was held at Warminster meeting-house, on the 15th. There was a good attendance. Reports were presented from Ambler, Byberry, Abington, Horsham, Upper Dublin, Gwynedd, Norristown, Plymouth, Quakertown, Stroudsburg, and Warminster schools. They were considered encouraging. Reports were presented by the Business and Visiting Committees.

The exercises included essays, recitations, etc., with a discussion of the subject of silent meetings. An address of welcome was made by Isaac Parry, and responded to by James Q. Atkinson. Principal George L. Maris, of George School, made an address, and Principal Louis B. Ambler, of Abington Friends' School, read an essay.

The call of the roll of delegates showed all present. Dinner was served in a tent on the grounds, and about two hundred partook. It was decided to meet next time, (Fourth month, 1899), at Abington.

On First-day afternoon, 16th, a meeting for the consideration of Peace and Arbitration was held. Alfred H. Love, Dr. Jesse H. Holmes, and Lukens Webster were the principal speakers. Alfred H. Love described his efforts to avert the war with Spain, and read a letter from the father of Jessie Schley, (the young woman who went to Madrid, niece of Admiral Schley), saying that he was in full sympathy with his daughter's errand of peace.

Educational Department.

SWARTHMORE COLLEGE NOTES.

THE current number of the Phenix contains a most interesting article by Dean Bond, entitled "A Wordsworth Incident.' The article is descriptive of the experiences of the writer while in England this past summer in visiting the haunts of the poet Wordsworth.

In First-day morning meeting, 16th, Dr. Magill spoke very acceptably on the Ministry of the Word.

The Sophomore Class has elected officers for the year as follows: President, William C. Tyson; Vice-President, Arthur Smith; Secretary, Helen Walker; Treasurer, Deborah Ferrier.

The second regular meeting of the Young Friends' Association for the year was held in the College parlors, on Tenth month 16. The paper of the evening was on the Old Testament, by Elizabeth W. Collins, of Swarthmore, of the class of '74. J. P. B.

FRIENDS' ACADEMY L. I.—This year, the fourth in the new building, the prospects are brighter than ever before, as the number of boarding pupils is greater than in any previous year.

The boys' wing is full, and we regret that a number of applicants had to be refused. Never before has the girls' wing been so well filled. There are two vacancies, and applications for these are being considered.

Most of the new students have entered the upper classes, and the average age of the pupils is greater than last year.

As the school is now under the Regents of the State of New York, some change in the course of study has been necessary. From the benefits derived from such a connection, better work in every line is anticipated.

The faculty is as follows: Principal, R. Grant Bennett, B. S., science; Assistant Principal, Eliza G. Holmes, A. B., mathematics; Ross Jewell, Ph. B., English; Mary S. McDowell, A. B., languages; Laura B. Ridgway, arithmetic and geography; Anna B. Smedley, Primary Department; and Alice W. Griggs, music.

To fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Florence Skillin, Alice W. Griggs has recently been appointed. In addition to the instrumental music, she teaches vocal music, physical culture, and elocution.

B.

COMMUNICATIONS.

THE PENNSYLVANIA HALL MOB.

Editors FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER :

I was interested in Joseph Fussell's account of anti-slavery incidents, sixty years ago, but his account of the experience of our dear friend Lucretia Mott the night Pennsylvania Hall was burned is not quite correct, and I thought I could give an accurate one, as I was present.

After the burning of the Hall, the mob rushed up Race street, and if Joseph Fussell had been at James Mott's house, when the furious, yelling mob paused at Race and 9th, he would not have thought it a place of safety.

Our dear Lucretia was as cool and calm as I ever saw her,

going around the house, and gathering little keep-sakes which she did not wish destroyed. Some one suggested that the front shutters should be closed. She said, "No, raise the blinds, turn on the gas; we want no darkness here.'

The reason the Motts' house was not burned was, when the mob paused at 9th and Race streets, some one yelled out, Burn the nigger shelter on 13th street!" and they rushed up Race street and set fire to that. Robert Biddle. Philadelphia, Tenth month 17.

AN APPEAL.

Editors FRIE DS' INTELLIGENCER :

Tamar Anderson, a colored woman, spoken highly of by those who know her is desirous of entering the Home for Aged Colored Persons. She had money for the purpose, but by the financial troubles of one (now deceased) who had charge of the same, it was lost, and sickness the past summer has used up her earnings since then. Any who feel like contributing towards her admission can remit to Asenath C. Moore, 1708 Race street, or Sarah T. Price, 15th and Race streets, Philadelphia. T.

Tenth month 17.

LITERARY NOTES.

A VOLUME dealing with the romantic and pathetic history of the Seminole Indians of Florida, with the title, "Red Patriots: the Story of the Seminoles," is just issued. The author is Charles H. Coe, now of Washington, D. C., a resident for many years of southern Florida. Mrs. Quinton, president of the Women's National Indian Association, in a letter, Tenth month 1, 1898, warmly commends the book. The price is $1.50; copies may be had of the author, 214 F street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

President Sharpless's historical work, "A Quaker Experiment," is reviewed in the latest issue (quarterly) of the American Historical Review, by Howard M. Jenkins, commendation being, of course, cordially bestowed.

APPEAL FROM WOMAN'S HOSPITAL. THE Woman's Hospital (Philadelphia), which never before received a male patient, and has been treating twenty sick. soldiers (with more expected from Camp Meade), has issued this appeal to the public:

The Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia, North College Avenue and Twenty-second street, while intended for women, is, in response to calls of patriotism and humanity, caring for our sick soldiers. As our endowment does not provide for the care of men, a heavy expense is incurred, and we appeal to the public for help. Money, wool and gum blankets, sheeting, food supplies-especially lemons-will be gratefully accepted. Please direct to the Woman's Hospital, North College Avenue and 22d street, Philadelphia, and add "for sick

soldiers.'

AGUINALDO, the Philippine insurgent leader, is only thirty years old. He has the advantage over our statesmen, says E. S. Martin, in Harper's Weekly, in having a demonstrated capacity to live and maintain his energy in the climate of the Philippines. There is every prospect that we shall know him much better as time goes on.

1

"LIFE HATH ITS BARREN YEARS.”

LIFE hath its barren years

When blossoms fall untimely down,
When ripened fruitage fails to crown
The summer toil, when nature's frown
Looks only on our tears.

Life hath its faithless days,

The golden promise of the morn,

That seemed for light and gladness born,
Meant only noontide wreck and scorn,
Hushed harp instead of praise.

Life hath its valleys, too,
Where we must talk with vain regret,
With mourning clothed, with wild rain wet,
Toward sunlight hopes that soon must set,
All quenched in pitying dew.

Life hath its harvest moons,

Its tasseled corn and purple-weighted vine;
Its gathered sheaves of grain, the blessed sign
Of plentious ripening bread and pure rich wine,
Full hearts for harvest tunes.

Life hath its hopes fulfilled;

Its glad fruitions, its blest answered prayer, Sweeter for waiting long, whose holy air, Indrawn to silent souls, breathes forth its rare, Grand speech by joy distilled.

-N. Y. Tribune.

ANTI-SLAVERY RECOLLECTIONS.

From notes of a lecture by Joseph Fussell, of Germantown, at a social meeting of Friends, at Germantown meeting-house, 1898.

(Concluded from last week.)

WHITTIER had come from New England; you know about his early life. While living in Philadelphiafor about two years-he wrote some of his poems, that were first published in the Pennsylvania Freeman. The Freeman was issued afterward at the Anti-Slavery office, which was No. 31 N. 5th street; now the number is 107 N. 5th street. I want to locate these I want to locate these buildings because they are now historical. Meetings of the Female Anti-Slavery Society, and the Junior Anti-Slavery Society, (of which I was a member), were held there. That was the headquarters of the Anti-Slavery people, where the Freeman was sent out, where the abolitionists who wanted to come to the city, and see other abolitionists, congregated.

It was there that the box was received, through Adams' Express Company, in which a man had escaped from slavery, by being boxed up in Richmond, Va. I saw the box. It was what the drygoods men call a "W" box, about two feet six inches square. I think the imprisoned man was forty-eight hours on the way-about that-and was delivered in the Anti-Slavery office by the Adams' Express people without their knowing anything about the freight that was inside.

I saw the box the same day, after the man had been taken out. William Still and J. Miller McKim and others opened it. The man was soaking wet with perspiration from his confinement. A terrible experience, and yet it showed how dear freedom was, and how hateful slavery.

At the Anti-Slavery office other things of that kind were happening, not many fugitives coming in boxes, but many being reported there. By the By the

Underground Railroad, (which was established about that time, possibly a little after), fugitives escaping from slavery, coming up, would start at Wilmington, Delaware, with Thomas Garrett, and would be sent up here to William Still and to others. There was another line through Kennett Square up to Simon. Barnard's, and on to Zebulon Thomas's at Downington, and John Vickers's, at Lionville, and to Esther Lewis's, and then on to Richard Moore's, at Quakertown, and so on into Canada.

That was the Uuderground Railroad; it was a road on which there was no line of tracks, and no discoverable sign of such; but it was one of the greatest roads that ever existed. It was a route to liberty, and the colored men found it. I have helped some in it. I don't say it boastingly; I know what it was good for, for all that.

In 1840, the Anti-Slavery conventions were held here in Philadelphia, and in New York City. I attended the one here and the one in New York City, going over there in the old "Liberator." The "Liberator," containing a number of abolitionists from Ohio, was a four-horse wagon, driven here to Philadelphia, and New York, by Abram Allen. I was teaching school, then, in Frankford, and went over with it. We stayed a week, at Isaac T. Hopper's, and there we saw that interesting woman, Lydia Maria Child.

Now I want to introduce a few of the Abolitionists, and tell who they were and what they did. I do it the more willingly because it keeps alive the names of some of those earnest ones who might otherwise be forgotten.

There was a little book printed-not publishedby Benjamin S. Jones, one of the Anti-Slavery people here in Philadelphia. He wrote what they called poetry,-maybe most of us would call it rhyme, at any rate, and he produced an imitation of a little "Quakerieties." It "took off" the peculiarities of book that had been published in London, called some of the Friends in London Yearly Meeting; so he did the same with the Anti-Slavery people, and called it "Abolitionieties."

He said in his preface to the book that he had no intention of anything but pleasantry, but if anyone was offended he would be sorry for it.

I want to read over some of the names and with them a few of the verses.

Daniel L. Miller, Jr.:

Tho' little, yet Dan,

Thou art a great man,

At least in thy own estimation;

Thou thinkest, no doubt,

We could not without

Thy aid produce this agitation."

Joseph Healy :

"Joe Healy, Joe Healy,

Speak quick and genteely,

Whenever thy say must be said;

Put on some more steam,

Thy words should not seem

As from one half asleep or half dead." Joseph Healy was in the Anti-Slavery office. He published, as I remember, one of Whittier's poems that does not appear, except by an extract from it,

John G. Whittier :

John Whittier, too!

Why how do thee do?

Are thee going to give us a speech?

I fear, Brother John,

If 'twas even begun

The midway thou never couldst reach.' John Rhoads, James Fulton, Jr., from Chester county, Lindley Coates, a man who was so dark in complexion that when he was walking along the street in Philadelphia at the time Pennsylvania Hall was burned by the mob, he was caught by the coattail, and the coat-tail torn off because he was supposed by some one to be "a negro walking with a white woman."

Most of you have read "Snow-Bound." You know the old teacher in Whittier's poem, Joshua Coffin. His name is not mentioned there, but he was Whittier's first teacher, and a great lover of antiquated books,—an antiquarian.

To see men of wealth freely giving ;
Come, pull out thy purse,

Thou wilt not be the worse

If thou givest a tithe of thy living,
Peter Wright.

Peter Wright was very liberal.

Events in 1850, after the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law, were making abolitionists very fast. In 1856 the opposition to slavery extension grew intense. We chose John C. Fremont as candidate for President, the first for the Republican Party,-a boy for a man's place, as it has been truly said, and we polled a good beginning. Then came John Brown, frightening the old State of Virginia, and the whole South into spasms. That happened in October, 1859. I remember how the dispatches came on the bulletin boards on Chestnut street: "The abolitionists have attacked Harper's Ferry. Many men killed.” I thought them strange abolitionists,-not the kind we were used to here. But we were soon enlightened. John Brown was hung in Charlestown, Va., December 2d, 1859. General Hector Tyndale and J. Miller McKim went from Philadelphia with the widow to fetch home the body. When they passed through the city, on the way to North Elba, New York, for burial, there was a great commotion and excitement.

EXPERIENCES OF THE DOUKHOBORTSI. (Continued from last week.)

THE writer of the letter, (a Russian officer), describing the Doukhobortsi in the prison, before starting on the exile to Siberia, gives details of his visit to the main company, in the Caucasus, (most of them now in Cyprus, or awaiting removal to Canada.) His letter proceeds-the time described being the autumn

There's none so close shave us

As thou, with thy financial razor;

Tho' tight we may lock it,

Thou openest the pocket,

With 'five or ten dollars you pay, sir,
For the slave.'

Thomas Earle, Lewis C. Gunn, Edward Hopper. Edward may have been like this description of him when he was a younger man; I did not know it. Later in life I knew him and he was a very estimable gentleman, and a good one, (Isaac T. Hopper's son): "Ned Hopper, Hopper,

'Tis certainly proper

That all self-esteem should possess ; But I never could see.

Why this organ need be

So large that all others seem less."

"Through Zakatali and Lagodezi I reached the places of (Caucasian) exile. It was a long journey, and I got into conversation with my fellow-traveler, an orthodox Georgian priest, who was going to Signak for a time. On the way we passed a large trading village, with a mixed population of Tartars, Armenians, and Mussulman brethren, whom the missionaries (sent for that purpose) try hard to convert to orthodoxy. As the latter wish to see quickly the fruits of their instruction, they do not disdain the use of any means by which successfully to convert the infidels. One of their duties prescribed from 'above' is to organize private conversations' with the Mussulmen, but as these are not at all inclined to come to the conversations,' they are driven, by police regulations, to a certain place, at a time fixed by the missionary,

where he appears, accompanied by members of the local police. He addresses them through an interpreter as long as he pleases, and is listened to by sullen people with their eyes downward, after which they disperse, with his permission, to go through the same thing another time.

"At present the missionaries have slackened their zeal, because this kind of active instruction, far from evoking sympathy among the inhabitants of the locality, created rumors and gossip about wholesale compulsory conversion' of all the Mussulmen to orthodoxy and military service.

IN THE MOUNTAINS OF GEORGIA.

"At the station before Signak I turned off to the mountains to the Georgian villages, where the exiles are settled. My arrival evoked curious looks and gossip, the consequence of which was that the Georgians assured the Doukhobortsi that a Government agent was after them. But the Doukhobortsi are specially endowed with a gift of discernment, and they can readily distinguish a friend from an enemy, under whatever appearance he may be hidden. So it was this time. Though not a single man of the exiles at this place knew me, they welcomed me, were delighted to see 'one of their own,' and immediately initiated me into all their affairs.

"But the Georgians could not understand how it was that an officer could remain in a hut with common people, eat their porridge, stay over night with them, and for so long. So much did they talk about it that they called out their village administrator. He knew the strict orders issued from headquarters to keep an eye upon all that was going on among the exiled Doukhobortsi, and most of all not to admit to them anyone from the outside.

"So he appeared in company with his faithful agents, inquiring who I was, stood there awhile, and then went away, leaving orders 'in case of emergency,' to set watchmen for the night-reliable men -round the house where I was staying. This, of course, did not disturb me nor my hosts in the least, and we had a good talk till past midnight upon all that most deeply concerned them.

"The inhabitants, among whom the Doukhobortsi are settled, treat them (as in other places) good humoredly, and sympathize with them; but, of course, they can offer no substantial help or support. Moreover, by nature, manners, customs, and the whole routine of their life, they differ so much from them, that the Doukhobortsi cannot help considering themselves apart; and one must be endowed with their natural good humor, culture, and capacity for accommodating one's self with different people, in order not to get into trouble, to avoid undeserved insults and all sorts of savage pranks from this truly primitive people of Georgia.

THE DETECTIVE MISSIONARY, SKVORTSOFF.

At one time, owing to their being decently treated by the local authorities, the Doukhobortsi did not feel so much the constant watch, but after the last visit of Skvortsoff1 they were much pressed. The surveil

1 A kind of half missionary, half detective, who travels all about Russia on commissions from the Procuror of the Synod, Pobiedonostzeff, generally terminating in increased persecution.

lance was increased, and it was forbidden to go out anywhere without a passport. Visitors to the Doukhobortsi, and their co-religionists coming to see them from other places are watched with special zeal, because the authorities are afraid lest they should have money given them. The authorities have decided to conquer their obstinacy by bringing them to despair through growing stress of need. You will fare worse later on, and we will keep you in this condition till you submit,' such was the conclusion of all the speeches addressed to them by Skvortzoff. As to his conversations, he conducted them in a tone somewhat softer' than on his first visit to the Caucasus; he hardly touched upon the religious side of the question, and only endeavored to learn from everyone what he thought of the Tzar, and how much he honored him. He examined them one by one, and some of them he ordered to the monastery of St. Unia, where he resided with his wife while making the tour of the Signak district.

'It is astonishing to what a degree such people will stoop to use means to their ends! For instance, this official appeared at the Tionet district among the exiles under a different garb, pretending to be their co religionist and a friend of I. Tregouboff, asking them to let him know how much money the latter had transmitted to them. Only after having noticed that the Doukhobortsi understood the man they were dealing with did he change his tactics, and spoke to them as a servant of the Tsar and the fatherland!

THE VISITOR EXPELLED.

"I wanted to note down much of what I heard from these good people, and to visit as many families of the exiles as I could, but it was impossible to do it for reasons not dependent on me. Early in the morning came the local inspector, stopped at the yard next to ours, and called me to come there. My poor friends were very sad when they saw what was the end of my visit. They knew what consequences might await me, and grieved pathetically as they took leave of me, saying: If we only once and again see a good man-our only joy-they don't give us time to say a few words.' A woman lying sick with fever said with great effort: From the time when people ran with staves after Christ, they got into this habit of persecuting good people.'

Though I kept the inspector waiting some time (while I took leave of them), he met me with an amiable smile on his face, and launched into all sorts of excuses for causing me 'trouble,' referring to 'the cursed duty of service which causes a man to do what is unpleasant to people,' and explained the unavoidable necessity for me to drive to Signak for personal explanations to the District Commander."

So to the District Commander our friend went, who also made many excuses, but kept him prisoner in a local hotel. This commander expressed much sympathy with the Doukhobortsi, and great regret that he was obliged to be so strict with them.

2 The present abbess of this convent is a woman of great ability and powerful connections, because of her relationship with many of the grandees of St. Petersburg, and is in great favor with Mr. Pobiedonostzeff. The nuns are also Russian and young, and very far from ascetic, judging by the natives' opinion of them.

Our friend then returned to Tiflis, and while there met a large company of men, women, and children, who had come to meet the thirty-five prisoners from Noukha on their way to Siberia, heavily laden with parcels and provisions for them. He says: "The joy of meeting relatives cheered up the prisoners, and but for the red eyes of the women. and the prison courtyard one would hardly believe that this was a meeting with exiled ones—so bright were their faces, so peaceful and good humored their conversation, and joyous their laughter."

[An account of the further experiences of the exiles to Siberia was given in the last INTELLIGENCER. -EDS.]

(To be Continued.)

THE PROPOSED NATIONAL DEPARTURE. Extracts from a discourse by John W. Chadwick, of the Second Unitarian Church of Brooklyn, Ñ. Y., Tenth month 2, 1898 THE policy which we are proposing to subvert is one which the Monroe doctrine has always unti now been supposed to assume as a justification of its own particular contention that European powers must neither colonize the western hemisphere nor subject any American State to a colonial condition. To justify so bold a claim the Washington doctrine was reiterated, viz, That the United States would keep itself free from entangling alliance with European politics. It is not alone the Washington doctrine that we are now invited to give up, but the Monroe doctrine, also. The Washington doctrine, because we cannot sharply break off the policy of minding our own business and strike in among the European nations as a fifth world-power, without exciting innumerable jealousies and producing innumerable complications, and being entangled in alliances with one European country and another. The Monroe doctrine also must be given up (that doctrine which was so precious and divine when it seemed to, have in it the promise and the potency of a war with England a few years ago) -this also must be given up, because for us to say "Hands off!" to Europe while grabbing the Ladrones and the Philippines, would be an impertinence of such colossal size that our American humor would deter us from it if our American honesty did not. To say, "No new European holdings in our western hemisphere," is to imply no American holdings in the eastern hemisphere. To annex the Philippine

Islands would be to cancel the Monroe doctrine as something for which we have no longer any use.

But the subversion of our foreign policy is but a part, and not the most important part, of the political revolution, which is turning the traditions of a country upside down. Of even more importance is the proposed abandonment of our ideal of a coherent democratic nation, a nation governed by the peoplo, looking to universal suffrage as the safeguard of their liberties. Not only the Monroe doctrine and the Washington doctrine, but the Lincoln doctrine of government of the people, for the people, by the people, will have to be given up. For one cannot have government by such people as the native Hawaiians and the native Filipinos. There are millions

of the latter living in a state of unmitigated savagery, unconquered by the Spanish arms after three centuries and more of nominal control. Says Whitelaw Reid: "The chief aversion to the vast accession of territory with which we are threatened springs from the fear that ultimately they must be admitted to the United States as States. No public duty," he continues, "is more urgent to resist from the outset than the concession of such a possibility. In no circumstances likely to exist within a century should they be admitted as States to the Union." But there are others of a different mind, officials in Porto Rico and Hawaii, who think the time is almost ripe for those new possessions to come in on equal terms. with Navada and New York. If the native people had to be excluded from the suffrage that would be only what is suffered in Louisiana by the colored people under the form of law. democracy to be a failure. It is for it to be a failure. As Lincoln said in 1858, "A house divided against itself cannot stand." As Dr. Adler says: "The two principles (race inferiority, with disfranchiseand democratic government) cannot keep house together in the same State. Either the inferior class must be enfranchised or the democracy will enevitably tend to turn into an aristocracy." Nor could we tolerate a vast unassimilable population on the outskirts of our body politic without serious damage to that body. The reaction of colonial conditions on a home government is one of the best known incidents of colonial possession, and one of the most scandalous.

ment

But this is to confess

And

After speaking of the plea that "where the flag floats there it will stay" as "too silly to detain us for a moment," J. W. Chadwick continued: "Another, and, I fear, the most persuasive argument for the expansion of America, is that we have too long stayed quietly at home tending to our own affairs; now let us have a little self-assertion; let us have a Navy equal to any in the world, and, incidentally, naval stations here and there and almost everywhere. around the world. The sun never sets upon the English flag; why should it set upon ours? this poisoned chalice is commended to our lips as the only pure Elixir Americana,' the true American spirit, the highest patriotism demanded by the exigencies of the new and better time. inverted patriotism; treason to the American spirit. The true patriotism, the right American spirit, is fidelity to the idea of America peacefully working out her characteristic policy, "and it would be, as Dr. Adler says, 'the saddest kind of mistake, after having wrapped ourselves up in the arrogant and juvenile conceit of perfection, we should have become

To me it seems

ashamed of the idea that we have a mission to fulfill

for the benefit of mankind, and should lose the sense of that mission. It would be the saddest possible aberration if, instead of learning from others in the sense of adapting to our national genius the best they have to offer, we should become their servile imitators, especially if we should imitate them where they confess themselves least worthy of imitation.' With every European nation groaning under its military