Friends Near Richmond, Va.,—Crenshaw. JOSIAH W. LEEDS, who has been making a visit to North Carolina in describing his return journey says:

Taking train again at Greensboro', after one day's tarrying, we came back to Richmond and to Ashland, the seat of Randolph-Macon College. Here others of the family having been met, we proceeded in two vehicles nine miles westward to Ground Squirrel bridge over the South Anna River, lying along which was the plantation known as Shrubbery Hill,' the one time possession of my wife's grandfather, Nathaniel C. Crenshaw. A new purchaser had occupied the substantial square brick mansion only two months before, and we were glad to see that he was putting it in fair order throughout, and mending the fences near the house and repairing the outbuildings. The deep indentation in the side of a door, showing the mark of a bullet aimed at Friend C. in the exciting times before the war (he had freed all the slaves left to him, and secured the freedom of many others) had been left undisturbed. The family graveyard in a field a furlong away was visited. Sixty years and more ago there was quite a community of Friends hereabout, who attended Cedar Creek Meeting. The old building has been kept in fair repair, but meetings are no longer regularly held there.

Watering with a Rake.

PROFESSOR H. L. Bailey, in one of his instruction sheets intended for use in schools, has this to say about watering a garden:

"I wonder if you have a watering pot? If you have, put it where you cannot find it, for we are going to water this garden with a rake. We want you to learn in this little garden, the first great lesson in farming-how to save the water in the soil. If you learn that much this summer you will know more than many old farmers do. You know that the soil is moist in the spring when you plant the seeds. Where does this moisture go to? It dries up-goes off into the air. If we could cover up the soil with something we would prevent the moisture from drying up. Let us cover it with a thin layer of loose, dry earth. We will make this covering by raking the bed every few days-once a week anyway, and oftener than that if the top of the soil becomes hard and crusty, as it does after a rain. Instead of pouring water on the bed, therefore, we will keep the moisture in the bed.

"If, however, the soil becomes so dry in spite of you, that the plants do not thrive, then water the bed. Do not sprinkle it, but water it. Wet it clear through at evening. Then in the morning, when the surface begins to get dry, begin the raking again to keep the water from getting away. Sprinkling the plants every day or two is one of the surest ways to spoil them."

NOTE AND COMMENT.

IN a thoughtful and generally cogent article on Culture and Conduct," one of our contemporaries, the Commonwealth (Baptist), Philadelphia, speaks of the contrast presented by the two recent wrecks-the French liner, and the American coaster-in respect to the saving of the women. In the former instance one only escaped, in the latter all, and the Commonwealth sees in this the difference in the respect paid. to women by the " Latin" and by other nations, including our own. Partly, we concede the point made, but we beg leave to ask our neighbor whether it thinks upon reflection, the rule is so uniform, after all, and if so, then how it explains the inferior position which women are assigned in Germany -a Teutonic nation?

THE losses of life in the Civil War, 1861-65 seem to be forgotten. They were terrific in their proportions. In the Union armies alone, the number of men killed in battle was 60,976; died of wounds, 35,957; died of disease, 183,464. The grand total of these figures is 280,397. There were 224,306 others discharged for disability, wounds, and disease.

Among the white troops the largest number of discharges were as follows: consumption, 20,403; diarrhoea, 17,389; debility, 14,500; rheumatism, 11,799; heart disease, 10,636. Of the Union forces 29,725 died in prison.

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THE size of the great." estates" of the English nobility is hardly imagined in this country. The Beaufort family property in Monmouthshire,—in England, but lying on the Welsh border, so that they are almost considered part of Wales,—is offered for sale by the Duke of Beaufort's eldest son, the Marquis of Worcester. They make 26,000 acres, and the 'rent-roll" is $150,000 a year. Included in the sale are eight castles, among them Monmouth, where Henry V was born; Usk, where Edward IV and Richard III were born: Chepstow, Raglan, Striguil, and Grosmont, besides the ruins of Tintern abbey and the manorial rights over King Arthur's Caerleon.

The ruins of Tintern abbey are regarded as among the most interesting and beautiful in Great Britain, and Wordsworth's poem on them is an English classic.

DEATHS due to the war are chronicled daily. Eben Brewer, United States postal inspector, in charge of the mail service in Cuba, died at Siboney, on the 14th instant, of yellow fever, after a short illness. He was a well-known and much-respected man, a journalist, and was for some years in Philadelphia, going then to Erie, Pa., and from there to the Pacific Coast. One of the officers of the war-ship Maine, Lieutenant John J. Blandin, who was watch officer' at the time of the explosion, died on the 16th at the Sheppard and Enoch Pratt insane hospital, in Baltimore. The nervous strain of that disaster brought on a mental disorder, of which he died. John B. Scott, of Philadelphia, a young man, graduate of Wesleyan University, Conn., and for three years a medical student at the University of Pennsylvania, died at his home on the 15th instant, of rapid consumption, contracted on the cruiser St. Paul.''.

THE distressing condition of things under the tropical rains at Santiago is described by a dispatch from Juragua (Siboney) on the 16th. It says: It says: "The daily downpour of rain last week renders the camp very uncomfortable. The rifle pits and tents and the ground are soaked with water, and the miserable yellow clay of the Cuban coast makes marching almost an impossibility. The narrow trail from Juragua to the front is cut to pieces by a constant stream of wagons, and it takes hours for a supply wagon, drawn by four starving, exhausted horses, to make the twelve-mile trip.

"The troops look to be in good condition by daylight, but when the swift, tropical nights come down, damp and cloudy, with the men shivering miserably about the sputtering camp fires, or searching for dry places for their blankets, the great mass of troops seem little like a victorious army.'

CURRENT EVENTS.

THE City of Santiago, Cuba, was finally surrendered, after several days of negotiation, but no further fighting, on the 17th. At 9 a. m., the Spanish flag on the Morro Castle, at the entrance to the harbor, was lowered, and at noon the American flag was hoisted over the "palace" or civil-government building. The agreement reached was that all the Spanish forces under the commanding officer at Santiago, Gen. Toral, should surrender, and these include not only those at that place, but detachments at other points in Eastern Cuba, not engaged in the battles at Santiago. The whole force surrendered was estimated at 24,000. It is not yet certain that the distant detachments will come in and give themselves up. It was agreed that the city, including the forts, should be given up, and that the officers and men, prisoners of war, should be sent to Spain. There was some delay over the question whether the soldiers should be permitted to retain their guns, but the government at Washington refused to concede this. The officers were to retain their side-arms,'' (swords and pistols), and the men their "personal property.

THE Spanish troops laid down their arms, at 9 o'clock on the 17th. It was stated that they would be encamped outside the city limits, under guard, until they could be embarked for Spain. The United States Government has advertised for ships to take them. The refugées, non-combatants, who had left the city when it was threatened with bombardment, returned to the city, but it would appear that if kept from starving they will have to be fed by the Red Cross Society, or by the United States Government. A ship loaded with Red Cross supplies, it was expected, would enter the harbor among the first ships. Commodore Schley, in command of the American blockading ships under Admiral Sampson, entered the harbor and examined it. The defenses did not appear to be so strong as had been supposed. It is stated that the American ships remaining on that part of the coast of Cuba will now go inside of the harbor at Santiago, as the season of severe storms in the West Indies is at hand.

GENERAL SHAFTER, in an official dispatch, says that upon entering Santiago he discovered a perfect entanglement of defenses, and that fighting as the Spaniards did the first day, it would have cost 5,000 lives to have taken the city. This would suggest that Toral might have held out longer, but it is said on his behalf that his troops had little or no food, and that there were indications of mutiny among them.

THE appearance of yellow fever among the United States troops at Santiago was announced on the 14th inst. It was said that fourteen cases had been reported on the 11th, and that "a a number of additional cases" had occurred in the intervening time. This caused evident alarm at Washington, and increased anxiety for the conclusion of the operations at Santiago. All action there since that time has been influenced by the appearance of the disease. The medical men report it "of an unusually mild type," and say the death rate is low. Dispatches sent on the 18th said that there were about three hundred cases. Among those ill with it are several of Clara Barton's "Red Cross" assistants and nurses, and Clara Barton, in a dispatch, 18th, to New York, says: "All points are fever smitten. Do not send persons not immune for us to care for."

PRESIDENT MCKINLEY, on the 18th instant, sent a long and detailed dispatch to General Shafter at Santiago, giving instructions as to the military administration to be established there. It was in the nature of a proclamation as well as an order, and declares our purpose not to make war on the inhabitants of Cuba, or any faction of them, but to protect them in their personal and religious rights. Minute directions to this general effect are given. The President signed an order establishing tariff rates on goods coming into Santiago, it being the minimum rate under the Spanish law. The Treasury Department has notified the principal collectors along he Atlantic coast that they may now clear American or neutral vessels with supplies of provisions for Santiago.

It is now disclosed by press dispatches from Santiago that there is a very unfriendly, and almost hostile, feeling between the Americau forces and the Cuban insurgents. Gen. Garcia refused Gen. Shafter's invitation to attend the ceremonies of the surrender of the city. A Washington dispatch, 19th inst., says the situation is such that the War Department authorities feel justified in their decision "to retain practically all of Shafter's army at Santiago." It is also added that the authorities realize "that the present situation is full of difficulty, and the future is dark," owing to the probable necessity It begins to appear of continuing a large army in Cuba. that for some time to come, and even after the conquest of Cuba is complete, the United States must maintain there a military government in order to meet the responsibilities which it has assumed to the civilized world."

It was announced from Washington on the 18th instant, that the expedition to take the city of San Juan, Porto Rico, (and consequently the island of Porto Rico), would proceed immediately. General Miles, with some artillery and troops, sailed on that date from Siboney, Cuba, on the converted cruiser Yale for Porto Rico. He would be followed, it was stated, by an army of 30,000 men, which would leave from different American ports. Two brigades were embarked at Charleston, S. C., and two divisions in camp at Chicamauga would also go. "All the force at Tampa, 13,000 strong, embracing artillery, will be put aboard ship as rapidly as transports can be gotten there, and sent to reinforce the other troop." None of the force that participated in the actual fighting at Santiago would be sent, it was said, to Porto Rico.

THERE appears to be little change in the situation at Manila, but it is evidently a very difficult one. The Spanish still hold the city, and the insurgents, under Aguinaldo, are still besieging it. The second detachment of troops to reinforce Admiral Dewey has not yet arrived. At Washington "it is thought" that the report of strained relations between Admiral Dewey and the German Admiral Von Diedrichs, who commands the German ships there, "is without foundation,'' but there is reason to think that the danger of collision has caused much anxiety to the Government. German officials in Berlin admit that differences of opinion between Admiral Dewey and Admiral Von Diedrichs, as to the right of searching war ships, have occurred, and add that Admiral Von Diedrichs refused to allow German war ships to be searched.

WHILE the condition of the troops in the camps in this country is reported satisfactory,' there are many cases of sickness, especially from typhoid fever. A dispatch from Chickamauga, on the 18th, reported thirty-five cases of typhoid in one regiment, (the 9th Pennsylvania), twenty-one of them being in one company from Wilkesbarre. Camp Alger, near Falls Church, Va., is so unhealthy, due probably to bad water supply, that the men are to be removed to a place not far away, Dunn Loring, where the water is good. A dispatch on the 18th says, the prevalence of typhoid fever is the principal subject now engaging attention at Camp Alger. There are fifty-one cases at the Fort Myer hospital."

In regard to the prospect of peace, there is a dearth of encouraging news. The disposition to fight still seems strong. A dispatch from Washington to the Philadelphia Ledger, on the 18th, says there is no talk there of peace. "The Administration has no reason whatever to believe that Spain is prepared to sue for peace at the present time, or that dynastic conditions existing in that country will permit overtures for a suspension of hostilities until Porto Rico is in our possession, and, possibly, not until Havana has been invested." The Spanish volunteers at Havana, the dispatch says, are not informed of the losses suffered by Spain, and want to fight. That city is now most thoroughly defended by earthworks and intrenchments on all sides," and some food supplies have been received. With the rainy season on, General Blanco believes that the capture of Havana by bombardment by the navy and assault of the army will be difficult if not impossible for months to come, and is anxious to maintain the honor of Spain by a protracted defence of the capital of the island.”

THE first advances toward peace, it is said, "must come from Spain," and the dispatch quoted above says: “None such has yet been received, and the haste which is being made on the part of this Government to forward the expedition to Porto Rico, and the Eastern Squadron under Commodore Watson, to the Spanish coast, are indications that no confidence is being placed in the reports from Paris and London, that Sagasta's Ministry is about to plead for a cessation of hostilities and to ask for the terms of the United States upon the acceptance of which the war would terminate.'

AN organization, the "Anglo-American League," has been formed in England to promote "the most cordial and constant co-operation between the British Empire and the United States. A meeting was held at Stafford House, London, on the 15th instant, presided over by the Duke of Sutherland, in behalf of the movement, and a resolution was adopted presenting the reasons for it.

A SPECIAL session of the Legislature of New York was held last week, meeting on the 11th and adjourning on the 16th. It was called in order to pass a law to take away from the present police authorities of New York, who are "Tammany Democrats, the power of appointing election officers, and this law, with three others of comparative importance, was enacted under caucus orders of the Republican majority. Governor Black subsequently appointed Captain John McCullagh, of New York city, (who was removed from his position as Chief of Police, by Mayor Van Wyck), State Superintendent of Elections under the new law.

NEWS AND OTHER GLEANINGS. THE national convention of the Christian Endeavor organization, held this year at Nashville, Tenn., closed on the evening of the 11th inst. The attendance was comparatively small, but the convention is said to have been very satisfactory. A quiet hour'' each day was a special feature, aside from the regular sessions, and was well attended; at this service on the closing day, more than a thousand persons enrolled themselves as 'Comrades of the Quiet Hour.'

-The Railway Age estimates that the construction of railroads in the United States during 1898 will exceed that of 1897 by a thousand miles. The amount spent in construction this year, it says, will not be less than fifty million dollars, and it may reach sixty million. At the present time work is in progress on about ninety roads, aggregating 2,725 miles.

-Estimates of the wheat crop of 1898 in the United States are now as high as 675,000,000 or possibly 700,000,000

bushels. This will be the largest ever raised, the largest heretofore being 1892, when it was 612,000,000 bushels. The yield last year, 1897, was but 428,000,000, and in 1896, 467,000,000. Unless the crops abroad should again fail, bread cannot fail to be low, within a few months.

-The Delaware peach crop will again be very small. The estimate of the officials of the Delaware railroad of the quantity to be shipped over their line is only 311,434 baskets. Last year was considered a poor year, yet the yield was about 1,000,000 baskets, and 1896 was another poor year, but the crop reached the total of nearly 3,000,000 baskets. Four or five years ago the crop reached upward of 9,000,000 baskets.

-Admiral Cervera, and the other Spanish naval officers captured at Santiago, reached Annapolis from Portsmouth, N. H., on the 16th, and were taken to the United States Naval Academy. Most of them gave their "parole ❞—their written declaration of honor-not to escape, and are allowed the freedom of the grounds. "Some of them were in bare feet. Few were able to speak English.'

-In Deep River Quarlerly Meeting, N. C., Josiah W. Leeds notes, (in a letter to the Friend, Philadelphia), it appeared by the summary of the reports upon tobacco, that 149 persons use, deal in, or cultivate the weed within the limits of the quarterly meeting.

-There are in the world 1,459 submarine cables, 1,441 of which are laid along coasts and in rivers. The total length of cable is 162,928 miles. Of this length corporations own 143,024 miles, and of the companies themselves 76 per cent. are managed in London.

-Rear Admiral Sampson arrived in Santiago, on the 18th instant, and it is said, claimed the steamers in the harbor as prizes of the navy. General Shafter, however, says that the steamers were surrendered to him.

Professor Clement L. Smith, of Harvard, has been elected President of the American Philological Association, at its meeting which has just been held in Hartford. Professor Herbert Weir Smyth, of Bryn Mawr College, is secretary and

is a memorable event, owing to the persecution of Castner Hanway and other mem bers of the Society of Friends. The true story of this affair has been gathered and made into a book by David R. Forbes, editor of the Quarryville Sun. It is endorsed by such able critics as Joseph S. Walton, Hon. W. U. Hensel, and many others. It is neatly printed on good paper, strongly bound in cloth, liberally illustrated, and worth the money.

PRICE, $1.00, POSTPAID.

In the popular Oxford for Women we have soft, cool and comfortable Shoes, black or tan, turned with a heavy mock welt edge. The price is $2.50, but there's Address all orders to $4.00 worth of looks, wear, and comfort. Boys require pretty sturdy Shoes for the play of vacation time. We provide for

them with a dark brown Shoe in Grain
Stock, made to stand wear. No use to
pay more when these may be had in
sizes 21⁄2 to 6 for $2.25, and in 11 to 2
sizes for $2.00.

We are cleaning up our odds and ends in
Women's, Misses', & Children's Shoes.
It would pay you to look at them.
Women's High Shoes, $1.50. Misses'
and Children's Shoes, $1.00.

Mail orders receive prompt and accurate

attention.

Address Orders to "Department C.” Strawbridge & Clothier,

PHILADELPHIA.

Please mention FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER, when answering Advertisements in it. This is of value to us and to the advertisers.

MARVIN E. BUSHONG,

May P. O., Lancaster Co., Pa. FOULKE FAMILY PHOTOGRAPH Taken at Reunion at Gwynedd, May 30. $1.00. Photograph of Edward Foulke's House.

.50.

J.. MITCHELL ELLIOT, West Chelten Avenue, Germantown. H. L. ROBERTS & CO., 15 S. 13th St., Philad’a.

We are satisfied with small profits.
It brings us many sales.

Serge Suits, $7.50

These would be $12 Serge Suits at most stores. They are $7.50 here because we want to help business along in dull season-keep our good hands employed.

They came to us at a very low figure. We're selling them at practically no profit.

Crash Suits $5. These suits are not made by dressmakers, but by our regular tailors. Collars are hand-padded and shaped the same as in a cloth coat. Many other such details make them shapely and stylish.

E. O. THOMPSON'S SONS, 1338 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Author of