E 1 1 1814.] Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. . opyright for fourteen years, and contingently for fourteen more, as under former Acts, authors and their assigns shall have twenty-eight years copy-right, absolute, in their works. That booksellers, &c. in any part of the United Kingdom, or British dominions, who shall print, re-print, or import, &c. any such book, without consent of the proprietor, shall be liable to an action for damages, and shall also forfeit the books to the proprietor, and three-pence per sheet, half to the King, and half to the informer, with double costs. That the title to the copy of all books, together with the name of the publisher, shall be entered at Stationers' Hall within a certain time after publication. That the warehouse keeper of Stationers' Hall shall transmit to the librarians lists of books entered; and call on publisher for the copies demanded. That, when the proprietor shall enter at retain the copyright, no copies shall be demanded, except to the British Museum. That one-fifth of the retail price shall be paid for such copies as shall be demanded, except for the Museum. And that copies delivered shall be deposited in the libraries demanding them, and not sold within seven years. Stationers' Hall-that he does not mean to The University of Glasgow has circulated an angry statement on the subject, and replies have appeared; but we hope that the clauses of the above bill will reconcile all interests, and prevent fur ther debate among parties who are so intimately connected as booksellers, authors, and schools of learning. Mr. WESTALL'S exhibition of 312 of his own paintings and drawings in Pall Mall, has been a favorite rendezvous of all lovers of art during the past month. No other living artist could have presented so great a variety of performances in the superior branches of art, and few have displayed so much perfection in each. Whether we contemplate the richness of the design and colouring of his his tory, the delicacy and natural tints of his landscape, the spirit and ingenuity of his rustic life, or the accurate delineation of character in his portraits, we are alike filled with wonder at the genius and versatile powers of this gentleman. Those who pay their tribute of applause to the genius of Gainsborough and Wilson, in the adjoining exhibition of the British Gallery, will not be less delighted in the contemplation of the transcendant works of the living Westall, who, with out being inferior to either of them, is the founder of a school of his own, distinguished for classic taste and for the highest powers of execution. We learn that the Duke of Brunswick 537 and Luneburg, Prince of Oels, is still of Gutti, and out of which the Libami A Philosophical History of the European Languages, is announced by the executors of ALEXANDER MURRAY, D.D. F. R. S. E late professor of ori ental ental languages in the University of Edinburgh; accompanied by a brief Memoir of the life of the author. Dr. Murray died in 1813, at the early age of 38, and during his life he was chiefly known in the literary world as the able biographer of Bruce of Kinnaird, and editor of the second and third editions of the Travels in Abyssinia. In publishing the present posthumous work, the author's friends are confident that they are about to erect a monument to his memory, which will establish Dr. Murray's reputation as the most accomplished and profound philological scholar of the age. Parliament, on the suggestion of the trustees of the British Museum, have agreed to purchase the remainder of the collections of the late Mr. TowNLEY, including his coins, medals, gems, cameos, &c. &c. scarcely less curious than his famous marbles. The second volume of the Transactions of the GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY will be ready for delivery to the members early in July. The Rev. ROBERT MORRISON, Protestant Missionary at Canton, and who for a few years acted as Chinese translator to the East India Company's factory, has ready to print, a Chinese Grammar, to which is added a volume of Dialogues, Chinese and English.-Mr. Morrison has also in preparation, a Dictionary of the Chinese Language, in three parts. Part 1. The Chinese and English, arranged according to the Chinese Keys, founded on the Imperial Dictionary of Kang-he; 2. The Chinese arranged alphabetically, with a definition in English; S. English and Chinese, to form three or four volumes in folio. The Grammar and Dialogues exhibit the pronunciation of the Chinese characters in the Mandariu dialect, according to the powers of the Roman alphabet in the English language. They have also both a free and a verbal rendering of every phrase, sentence, and example, that is employed in illustration. The prize compositions were adjudged at Oxford to the following gentlemen: Latin Essay-De Ephororum apud Lacedæmonios Magistratu, to Mr. RENN DICKSON HAMPDEN, B. A. of Oriel College. English Essay A Comparative Estimate of the English Literature of the 17th and 18th centuries, to Mr. RICHARD BURDON, B. A. Fellow of Oriel College. Latin Verse Germanicus Cæsar Varo Legionibusque suprema solvit, to Mr. W. A. HAMMOND, under graduate cominoner of Christ Church. A work is preparing for publication, under the title of "Illustrations of Ire land, or a Topographical, Antiquarian and Philosophical Survey of that Island." It will comprise a general view of the superficial features, geology, mineralogy, botany, agriculture, commerce, manufactures, civil and ecclesiastical government, honorial distinctions, history and antiquities of each county; and a succinct account of every city, town, cathedral, castle, abbey, architectural or other relic of antiquity, principal seat, village, lake, natural and artificial curi osity, &c. with biographical notices of eminent natives, genealogical sketches of distinguished families, and remarks on the picturesque scenery of the country, and on the moral condition, manners, and customs of the inhabitants. It will be illustrated by above 150 engravings,. from drawings by eminent artists. A new edition of Dr. LARDNER's works is announced in five volumes quarto. The last edition has been long out of print, and is now sold at three times the original price, a consideration which has induced the proprietors to publish a new edition, edited by a gentleman of acknow ledged literary talents. The Poems of Thomas Stanley, esq. are reprinting from the original edition, which is now exceedingly rare. Also, Translations from Anacreon, Bion, Moschus, &c. by the same author, from the edition of 1651; and only 150 copies of these two works will be printed in foolscap 8vo. to correspond with Sir Walter Raleigh's poems lately published. Mr. SINGER proposes to publish annu ally a supplement to his "Elements of Electricity and Electro-Chemistry;" it will consist of original experiments and papers by the author and his friends, and a full account of the progress of electrical discovery for the past year. Letters from a Lady to her Sister, during a tour to Paris, in the months of April and May, 1814, in one volume duodecimo, will appear in a few days. The Excursion, being a Portion of the Recluse, a poem, by WM. WORDSWORTH, is nearly ready for publication. Dr. JAMESON will publish in a few days a pamphlet on the Cheltenham Waters, as transferred to reservoirs and as drank at the fountain-head. A work called the Stranger's Guide to Paris, is in the press, containing notices of every thing in the French capital that can be interesting to Strangers, toge ther with a gazetteer of France, a concise history of the kingdom, its population, &c. embellished with a correct map of France on a large scale, a map of the en 1314.] virons of Paris, and a plan of the city, by EDWARD PLANTA, esq. Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. Considerable animosity has been excited at Bahia, and other places on the coast of Brazil, against the English residents, because British ships have, very properly, seized on the slave-ships of those faithful Christians the Portuguese, who supply those Catholic Christians the Spaniards with slaves; but, perhaps, ere this, the ships of his Most Christian Majesty have sailed to the coast of Africa, under the sanction of a treaty with the defender of the Christian Faith, to commence their work of death and desolation among the unoffending Africans! Mr. WM. MYLES has prepared complete edition of the Poetical Works of the late Rev. Charles Wesley. a Sonnets, Odes, and other Poems, by the late Charles Leftley, with a short account of his life and writings, by Mr. WM. LINLEY, are about to be pub. lished. M. STEPHANO EGIDIO PETRONJ, an Italian professor of Belles-Lettres, has made a journey to London, for the purpose of publishing a poem in Italian, descriptive of the Naval Engagements of the English Monarchy, from the days of Alfred the Great down to the present time; to be accompanied by arguments, and Notes and Observations critical, historical, and philosophical, by M. JoSEPH LA VALLEE. It will be published in sixteen Deliveries, and will form two quarto volumes, to be completed in four months. The subscription, for each delivery, one guinea. The proprietors of the Mercure Etranger, ou Annales de la Litterature Etrangere, propose to reprint the work in the French language, in London. They speak, in their prospectus, of subscriptions by the year, not being aware that the fondness of the English for liberty extends particularly to the laying out of their money, and that in England it is not the usage to pay by anticipation for what cannot at the instant be received in exchange. Hence, few foreign journals are taken in England, and the Monthly Magazine, which fet ters none of its purchasers with the obligation of a previous subscription, enjoys a larger periodical circulation than any of those journals published on the Continent of Europe, which seek to secure their sale by yearly and half-yearly subscriptions. A History of the Town and Port of Dover, and of Dover Castle; with a 539 short Account of the Cinque Ports, is announced by the Rev. JoHN LYON, minister of St. Mary's, Dover. The sub-committee, to whom it was referred by the committee of the intended London Asylum for the Care and Cure of the Insane, to obtain information relative to the state of the insane in the places for their reception within the Bills of Mortality, have prepared their report, by which a variety of facts, relative to the treatment of lunatics, have transpired. It appears that the patients in workhouses, with the exception of a few, who, on being first afflicted by the disease, are sent there for care and custody, and paid for by their friends, are parish paupers; and these are generally kept in gloomy and comfortless confinement. The committee not being invested with government authority, their inspection has been in a great degree superficial; but they have been enabled to obtain an inspection of the major part of the houses for the reception of the insane within the bills of mortality. At three houses they were refused admittance, viz. at Gore House at Kensington; at Miles's Receiving Houses at Hoxton; and at Brook House. The larger private houses for the reception of the insane, are in their construction essentially bad; generally having several beds in a room, and fre quently two patients in one bed. In the women's galleries of Bethlem, one of the side rooms contained about ten patients, each chained by one arm to the wall; the chain allowing them merely to stand up by the bench or form fixed to the wall, or to sit down on it. The nakedness of each patient was covered by a blanket-gown only. The blanket-gown is a blanket formed something like a dressing gown, with nothing to fasten it in front; this constitutes the whole covering: the feet even were naked. One female in this side room, thus chained, was an object remarkably striking; she mentioned her maiden and married names, and stated that she had been a teacher of languages. She entreated to be allowed pencil and paper, for the purpose of amusing herself with drawing, which were given to her by one of the committee. Many of these unfortunate women were locked up in their cells, naked and chained, on straw, with only one blanket for a covering. One, who was in that state by way of punishment, the keeper described as the most dissatisfied patient in the house. In the men's wing, in the side room, six patients were chained close to the wall-five handcuffed, and one locked to the wall by the right arm, as well as by the right leg, who was very noisy. All were naked, except as to the blanket. gown, or a small rug on the shoulders, and without shoes; one complained much of the coldness of his feet. Chains are universally substituted for the strait-waistcoat. In the men's wing there were seventy-five or seventy six patients, with two keepers and an assistant; and about the same number of patients on the women's side. In one of the cells, on the lower gallery, the committee saw William Norris, who stated himself to be fifty-five years of age, and that he had been confined about fourteen years. A stout iron ring was rivetted round his neck, from which a short chain passed to a ring, made to slide upwards and downwards on an upright massive iron bar, more than six feet high, inserted into the wall; round his body, a strong iron bar, about two inches wide, was rivetted; on each side of the bar was a circular projection, which being fashioned to and enclosing each of his arms, pinioned them close to his sides; this waist-bar was secured by two similar bars, which, passing over his shoulders, were rivetted to the waist. bar, both before and behind; the iron ring round his neck was connected to the bars on his shoulders by a double link; from each of these bars another short chain passed to the ring on the apright iron bar. He was enabled to raise himself, so as to stand against the wali, on the pillow of his 'bed, in the trough-bed in which he lay; but it was impossible for him to advance from the wall in which the iron bar is soldered, on account of the shortness of his chains, which were only twelve inches long. It is conceived to have been out of his power to repose in any other position than on his back; the projections, which, on each side of the waist-bar, enclosed his arms, rendering it impossible for him to lie on his side, even if the length of the chains from his neck and shoulders would permit it. His right leg was chained to the trough, in which he had remained thus encaged and chained more than twelve years. He informed the committee, that he had for some years been able to withdraw his arms from the manacles which encompassed them. He then withdrew one of them: and observing an expression of surprise, he said, that when his arms were withdrawn he was compelled to rest them on the was edges of the circular projections, which more painful than keeping them within. His position, we were informed, was mostly lying down, and that, as it was inconvenient to raise himself and stand upright, he very seldom did so; that he read a great deal-books of all kinds-history, lives, or any thing that the keepers could get him; the news. paper every day; and conversed perfectly coherent on the passing topics and the events of the war, in which he felt particular interest. On each day that the committee saw him he dis coursed coolly, and gave rational and deliberate answers to the different questions put to him. In consequence of the discovery made by this committee of the situation of William Norris, and of a drawing which they procured to be made of him in his irons, he was visited by Messrs. Home Sumner, Lord Robert Seymour, William Smith, Hon. G. Bennett, R. J. Lambton, Thos. Thompson, and other members of the House of Commons; but the committee have now to state, that at their last visit they obs served that the whole of the irons had been removed from Norris's body, and that the length of chain from his neck, which was only twelve inches, had been doubled. In the public hospitals it is customary to lock up the patients in their cells at dusk; this, in winter, is soon after four o'clock; and the cells are opened at seven o'clock the next morning. The committee conclude this document by stating, that, if they have been pained by the remarkable' contrast in management between one of our great public hospitals for the insane; and the larger private houses generally; they have been as forcibly impressed by contrasting the practice, of even such houses, with the general economy of the "Friends' Retreat," near York; where neither chains nor corporeal pu nishment are tolerated on any pretext; where the conveniences provided, with in doors and without, are suitable to patients in any station of life; and where every appearance is avoided that can affiict the mind by painful recollections; and where regulation and control are governed by the experienced efficacy of the important principle-that whatever tends to promote the happiness of the patient, increases his desire to restrain himself. An account is announced of the most celebrated public and private libraries, with bibliographical notices, anecdotes of eminent collectors, booksellers, prin ters 1814.] Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. ters, &c. under the title of Repertorium The ingenious author of the Complete A method has been discovered by Mr. TURNER, near Vauxhall, of fabricating very elegant and splendid embellishments for ball-rooms, supper-rooms, pillars, temples, &c. by a composition; to which the Society for the Encouragement of Arts have attached the name of Imitative Scenite Granite. It is capable of being applied either on wainscotting or bare walls, or on walls already papered, and while it may be made to resemble the most beautiful marble or granite, particularly when assisted by lights, its charge does not exceed that of other ornamental painting or papering. A selection of the more remarkable passages in that very rare work, “L'Esprit de Saint François de Sale, Eveque et Prince de Geneve," is printing, and may be expected to appear in August. The progress of science is greatly ac celerated by the method pursued in the permanent Literary Societies in large towns, of annexing to them the appoint ment of a Lecturer in natural and chemical philosophy, with funds for an appara tus. This plan was acted upon at Boston during the late winter, and Dr. W. CRANE, a physician of that place, readily undertook to deliver a course of lectures on philosophical chemistry, and afforded for many weeks a rational and pleasant amusement to a genteel audience, who were admitted on paying a small subscription, sufficient to defray the expences. A correspondent who remarked the cure for Cancer, published in a late num ber, desires us to state, that a cancer may be cured by the use of Clivers, called commonly Goose-grass, and scientifically Galium aperine, taken as juice, and also applied to the wound. On the 1st day of January will be published No. I. of the Bible Magazine and Theological Review. It will consist of Biblical Researches,-Religious Communications,-Select Biography, Miscella MONTILLY MAG. No. 256, 541 neous,-Review of New Publications,Intelligence, religious and literary. A. SHERBROOK, esq. of Oxton, Nottinghamshire, raises young potatoes in the winter months. In the beginning of May he lays a quantity of the largest oxnoble potatoes on a dry cellar floor, two or three deep, and turns them over once in about three weeks, rubbing off all the white sprouts as they appear, but not the spawn or rudiments of the young potatoes, At the end of September he has ready a few boxes; at the bottom of each he puts six inches of decayed leaves, dried to a vegetable mould, and places upon it a single layer of potatoes, close to each other; he then puts another layer of the same mould, six inches deep, then another of potatoes, and so on till the boxes are fult. He then sets the boxes in a dry covered place, free from frost, never giving them any water. They will produce good fine young potatoes in December; and those which are ready may be taken off, and the old potatoes replaced till the remainder of the produce shall be ready. To obtain a succession, he places other potatoes in vegetable mould, in the succeeding winter months. FRANCE. A very attractive account was lately published in this country of the Retreat at York, which deserves to become the model of our lunatic asylums. But the French have advanced a step beyond us in the discipline of insanity. M. Salgues, in a recent work on Paris, informs us, that at the lunatic hospital of Charenton, near Paris, the experiment has been tried with admirable success of inducing the lunatic patients to act plays together for their common amusement. This exertion of the memory to get a part by heart cures one cause of absence of mind; and this exersion of self-command to assume the character imposed cures another cause of disorder. ITALY. L'Italico, a periodical work, published in the Italian language in London, and conducted by Dr. AUGUSTO BOZZI GRANVILLE, contains the following account of a new excavation made among the ruins of Pompeii on the 18th of March, 1815, as drawn up by an eye-witness, and addressed in a letter to Dr. Granville. "They have commenced the execution of a great project here, viz. the clearing of the whole of the walls which surround Pompeii, and which are supposed to be about 1600 or 1700 toises in circumference. 4 A Great |