children, it might not be alike happy on those of riper age?) One half of said amount to go to form an educational fund, to be appropriated in assisting and establishing schools south as might be thought best; and the other half be a literature fund to be used in the publishing weekly a paper materially larger than this and sent to subscribers at one dollar a year each, devoted to the advocacy of those principles that first called the Society into being, putting before our younger members something better adapted to promote in them a respect for Society and its principles than Milton's "Paradise Lost." As to the raising of money to promote the objects specified, this subject has been a concern of mine for some months. I offer this, and if it meets the views of Friends, well, if not I am, I trust, clear of it. I stand ready to pay my quota when the needful arrangments are made. WILLIAM G. BARKER. Macedon Centre, N. Y. USEFULNESS OF EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCES. Editors INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL: FROM time to time, as notices of educational conferences to be held for the purpose of considering best methods of instruction, and in a general way to improve those already practiced, in Friends' schools, have been received, I have experienced a desire to encourage the good work through your valuable paper, as I believe the publicity achieved by the holding of these conferences will not only tend to acquaint the world around us with the high standard Friends aim to attain in the education of their children, but will also stimulate teachers and those concerned for the best welfare of the children to greater effort to advance moral training as well as mental. I trust in these gatherings every available means will be exerted to impress teachers with the value of the former, for I believe it to be possible for them to undo, or increase home training for good. In their hands rests a solemn responsibility. The training of the intellect is essential for our best interests, but to my mind the school life must not be deficient in cultivating morality. Many virtues come under this head, and of these the chief attribute in the teacher's control is truthfulness. Probably one of the greatest temptations to the reverse (in the path of which many faults follow), is the system adhered to by some of bestowing marks of demerit-for talking without permission during school hours. It is so easy to deny having spoken, when asked-or to deceive by whispering when the teachers' back is turned. The reward that surpasses understanding, for well doing, is not always clear to the young mind, while the "perfect" mark from the teacher is eagerly sought after-and when the above system is in operation-great is the temptation to err. May this stumbling-block be found not in the schools under the care of Friends. I am sanguine of much good resulting from the interchange of thought in conference, and though not convenient for me to attend, I peruse with deep interest the accounts published in your columns. West Chester, Pa. E. FRIENDS SETTLING NEAR ONE ANOTHER. Editors INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL: THE portion of Blue River Quarterly Meeting which embraces Benjaminville and Cedar Creek, have just cause to feel gratified with the activity and zeal of their two young ministers, Abel Mills and Edward Coale, for their lately accomplished visit to the West, reported in recent issues of the INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL, and they hope that it may result in good,having so closely followed the labors of Jonathan W. Plummer in the same quarter. There is one point in Abel's report to which I would be glad to call the attention of Friends, old and young, as it has for many years closely claimed my attention, and that is as regards removals of Friends, that they should be governed by as much care and attention to divine guidance as marriage connections, or other of the important concerns of life. For there is nothing that tends to bind together the walls of our Zion, and strengthen our religious organization more than being so nearly located together as to keep up regularly not only meetings for worship, but likewise for regular transaction of business. In the early settlement of the Colonies, where the newcomers sought for true liberty of conscience, the greatest attention was paid to the subject, and divine guidance was sought for, with strict reference to settlement in such bodies as would enable them to keep up their meetings for worship and discipline. This is easily discernible by looking over all the writings and memoirs of ancient Friends, and was none the less closely observed in the first opening of the Free States to which removals were made by Friends who wished to change their location, and the effect has been to keep up generally a pretty healthy spiritual life; at least a general talk of spiritual decline has not been named until now, when there is so much new territory opened and new settlements being made, and Friends have become as careless in these particulars as almost any other branch of society. Good farming facilities for raising grain and stock are all that is inquired after; as to religious privileges they are only a second or third consideration. quently a loss is sustained in all these particulars, and a general declension in Society is spoken of. I entertain no doubt that a large share of the decline is due to the causes stated, to which those who truly love society would do well to turn their attention as well as to cultivate that sociability which is possible when Friends live near one another. Padua, Ill. SPIRITUOUS LIQUORS." Editors of INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL: Conse C. O'NEALL. I WOULD like to call the attention of Friends, through the columns of the INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL, to a part of the Fourth query in the Discipline of Indiana Yearly Meeting. It reads: "Are Friends clear of importing, distilling, or the unnecessary vending and use of spirituous liquors?" The word "spirituous" signifies distilled liquors, is here used in that sense, thereby excluding wine, beer, ale, cider, etc., from the query. In the light of science and experience of the last few decades, it is a well established fact that beer, wine, etc., the socalled "temperance drinks" are but stepping-stones; but initiatories to the fatal drink habit which is the direct cause of eighty per cent. of the crime and pauperism of our country, and is the greatest obstacle to the progress of Christianity. PAUL TOMLINSON. Cedarville, Ohio. THE LIBRARY. THE MARIS FAMILY IN THE UNITED STATES. A Record of the Descendants of George and Alice C. Maris, 1683-1885. Compiled for the Family by George L. and Annie M. Maris. Square 4to. Pp. 279. West Chester, Pa.: 1885. TH HIS handsome work, issued from the press within a few weeks, reflects credit on the taste, industry and literary skill of the editors. It is a subscription book, and copies may be had by addressing George L. Maris, West Chester, Pa. The illustrations. include views of Friends' meeting-houses at Springfield, Chester and Uwchlan, with numerous family portraits, and views of places connected with the family history. Among the portraits are those of Samuel, William and John Welsh, (the last-named formerly Minister to England), whose mother was a Maris; John M. Broomall, Edward H. Magill; and of Richard, Jesse J., Thomas R., John M. and others of the Maris family, well known in Philadelphia, now or during their lifetime. The number of descendants of George Maris the immigrant is, of course, very large, when the female lines are followed out. The book does not record all of these, yet the number of descendants separately noted reaches 6,176, and, in the index, there are nearly seven hundred different family names, exclusive of Maris-es. Many of these represent families who have had in the time of Penn a home in the region of English and Welsh settlement near Philadelphia, yet many others coming into connection by intermarriage represent distant parts of the country, -the Carolinas, Georgia, Texas, Ohio, Indiana and other States. George Maris came from Worcestershire, England, with his wife Alice, and six children, in 1683. He was then a man past fifty, having been born in 1632, ten years later than George Fox, and twelve years earlier than William Penn, and had suffered imprisonment as a Friend. He settled in Springfield, Delaware, (then Chester) county, upon four hundred acres, part of which is still in the possession of his descendants, one of whom, George, the owner of the "Home House," (rebuilt in 1722), offered it as the place of holding the family reunion, in 1883. George Maris, the first, lived twenty-two years after his immigration, dying in 1705. He was a prominent man, both in public affairs and in the Society of Friends. In former relations he was a Justice of the Peace from 1684 to 1693, and a member of the Provincial Assembly for eight years of the same period. In 1695 he was a member of the Provincial Council. As a Friend, he appeared in the ministry, and he seems to have been an active and useful man in the meet ings for business: he was appointed, with others, to deliver the censure of the Yearly Meeting to George Keith when that uneasy schismatic sought to divide the organization of Friends in Pennsylvania. The six children of George and Alice Maris were: 1. Alice, b. 1660, d. 1726, m. Jacob Simcock. 2. George, b. 1662, d. 1753, m. Jane Maddock and Jane Hayes. 3. Elizabeth, b. 1665, m. John Mendenhall. 4. Ann, b. 1667, m. John Worrilow. 5. John, b. 1669, d. 1747, m. Susanna Lewis. 6. Richard, b. 1672, d. 1745, m. Elizabeth Hayes. Alice and Jacob Simcock had several children who intermarried with the Waln, Harvey, Hodges, Iden and Worthington families. George and Jane (Maddock) Maris had four children, of whom two left no issue: their daughters, Hannah and Esther, married John Owen and Mordecai Taylor. Elizabeth and John Mendenhall had also a small family: their oldest son died unmarried, and their other two sons married sisters, Susanna and Rose Pierson, The children of Ann and John Worrilow intermarried with the Baker, Taylor, Yarnall, Pyle, and Whippo families. John and Susanna Maris had a large family, nine children growing up and marrying. The oldest of these, George, was married four times,—to Sarah Lewis, Hannah Massey, Mary Burley, and Ann Lownes; (and two of his sisters were twice married.) From John are descended a great part of those of the Maris name now living. The number of his grandchildren given in the record in this volume is forty-six. Richard and Elizabeth had five children, who married into the Lownes, Waln, Llewellyn, and Shipley families. Their descendants are not numerous. The examples of longevity disclosed by this minute record would offer a very interesting study. We note a few gleaned hastily from the volume. Caleb Maris, of Willistown, died in 1839, aged 95 years. George Maris, of West Pikeland, died in 1871, in his 96th year, his death, then, being the result of injuries by an accident. Eliza Pennington,of Waynesville, O., (daughter of Robert Hatton and Ann Maris), was still living when the book was compiled, and will be a hundred years old in the Second month, 1886. Thomas Dutton, of Aston, (who married a great-granddaughter of Alice Maris Simcock), was born in 1769, and died in 1869, having passed his century mark by seven months. YOUNG FOLKS' QUERIES. A Story by Uncle Lawrence. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. This substantial book for the amusement and enlightenment of children is one of a series of useful books which claim to be merely free paraphrases of French originals. The scheme of the book is very simple. A sensible lad encounters many mysteries in his daily life, and kind friends are ever at hand to give proper explanations-at once scientific and simple Quite a wide range of information of an interesting character is presented, and we feel sure any in telligent boy or girl will read it with pleasure and profit. Thirty-one chapters of good and pleasant reading—having each chapter illustrated with very suitable and pleasing pictures, ought to be an acceptable holiday gift in many households. NEWS OF FRIENDS. -Correction: In the "Notes From Canada," published 11th month 21st, in the fourth paragraph, second line, for "ministers," read "members." The error, which was one of the press, affects the sense, materially. -Whitewater Quarterly Meeting was held at Richmond, Ind., 12th month 5th, and was about as large as is usual at this time of year. No ministers from other meetings were present. Silence was broken by supplication from Dr. Martin, and W. W. Foulke and Dr. Thomas spoke a few words, all to good satisfaction. The business seemed to move slowly. On First-day morning the meeting was about as large as common. Anna M. Starr and Viola Satterthwait each had a few words of excellent advice to us, which was well received by all. A person not a member with us relieved his mind by speaking three times, and the meeting concluded. J. W. M. -On First-day, the 13th inst., a few members of the visiting committee of the Philadelphia First-day school association met with Friends on that old historic spot, so dear to the heart of our people-Penn's Manor. Though the weather was inauspicious, the part of the house occupied was well filled, quite half of those in attendance being in the younger walks of life. A deep and earnest feeling pervaded the meeting. At its close all remained to take part in the First-day school, which was conducted with life and interest. This field of labor is promising but needs encouragement. Several engaged in the work are only professors with Friends. The fostering care of the Church, if wisely bestowed, could hardly fail of gathering into this fold many who are Friends at heart and who would add greatly to its strength and usefulness. As we drank from the well of the great founder of our Commonwealth, the scene at Samaria came to mind, with its searching inquiry: "Art thou greater than our father Jacob who gave us this well, and drank thereof himself and his sons and his cattle?" Truly the cool sparkling draught from the well of Penn is a fit symbol of that water, of which the great Teacher declared, " If a man drink, he shall SWARTHMORE NOTES. -Prof. Chas. A. Young, of Princeton College, delivered an interesting lecture on "The Sun," at the College, on the evening of the 15th inst. -Samuel S. Ash attended the meeting at Swarthmore, and spoke very acceptably, on First-day last. -The College will close for the vacation usual at this season on the 22d inst., and the students will return on the 4th of First month. -President Magill was at Trenton, on the 13th, where he spoke to Friends on the value of a modern college course of study, taking the hour usually given to the First-day school. He went to Chappaqua, N. Y., on Fourth-day evening, and to New York on the following evening, on the same concern. ORTHODOX FRIENDS. -N. G. Swift, (of Millbrook, N. Y.), proposes the erection of a meeting-house in Washington, at a cost of about $10,000. -The pamphlet recently issued by D. B. Updegraff, maintaining the propriety of his views on Baptism and "the Supper," has been sharply confuted by several writers, among them Thomas Kimber, Jr., who published a series of articles upon it in Friends' Review, and by Dr. Richard H. Thomas, of Baltimore, in a pamphlet. The chief feature of D. B. U.'s book which is controverted by these writers, is his endeavor to prove that the early Friends, if they did not actually countenance, at least permitted, and were "indifferent" to, the practice of the outward ordinances. Friends' Review says that the chief service of T. Kimber and Dr. Thomas is the "putting in a strong light the altogether unjustifiable mutilation and distortion of passages from George Fox, Robert Barclay, Edward Burrough, and others," by which the author of the Ohio address endeavored to maintain his ground. -The Friends' Freedmen's Association of Phila., is actively at work. "The teachers are in the field," says The Friend," and schools at Salem and Rutherfordton are both well filled with scholars. A new school has been opened at Durham, North Carolina, presided over by Louise Dorr, who has been for so many years successfully at the head of the large Freedmen's School at Raleigh. The main effort of the Association, however, at present, is directed to southwestern Virginia. The school at Christiansburg continues under the care of Charles S. Schaffer, who has so nobly made this his life work. The new school building is finished, and was opened Eleventh month 2d; there are over two hundred students in attendance, with prospect of large additions.” There is, however, some $3000 of debt on this school, the responsibility for which was assumed by Charles S. Schaffer, in his anxiety to get the new building opened, and this sum it is desired to raise. Western Friend compliments the Mennonites who have settled in the West on better maintaining "plainness of apparel" than is the case with Friends. -A meeting to welcome some Australian Friends was held at Westminster meeting-house, London, on Tenth month 2, which is reported at length in The Friend, of London. "Tea and coffee were served in the lobby of the new meeting-house, from 6 to 7 p. m., and there was a large attendance of Friends from various parts." Among the visitors were John A. Horsfall, Edward Sayce, William Benson, and Octavius C. Beale, all of Melbourne, the first named being the clerk of Melbourne meeting. William Benson described the meetings in Australia as far apart, (about 500 miles), and isolated in action. He described the colonies as in a chronic state of panic for fear of war with Russia in a way that could not easily be understood at home, as their cities would be liable to attack from Russian men-of-war immediately hostilities commenced in Europe. A crucial question related to the education of the children of Friends who had become Australian colonists. Nearly all the young people of Melbourne have, by the force of their educational surroundings, been drifting away from the Society, and a central place of education is much needed. Octavius C. Beale said the real question is, Is Quakerism for mankind? and the only answer that results forced upon him was, either there must be something wrong in Quakerism, or something wrong in the world. It is matter for grave thought why we do not spread. Apparently in answer to this, J.Bevan Braithwaite said the reason why the principles of Friends did not spread more rapidly was because of the depravity of the human heart. The depravity of the human heart makes it hard for man to receive the highest phase of divine truth. TEMPERANCE IN PENNSYLVANIA. [The following resolutions of the Temperance Association of Friends of Philadelphia, (O.), adopted at a meeting of the Executive Committee, held Eleventh month 23d, 1885, have been sent us by the Chairman, Thomas Scattergood, with a request for their publication.-EDS. INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL.] WHEREAS, The Temperance Association of Friends of Philadelphia are desirous that an Amendment to the Constitution prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks in the State of Pennsylvania, shall be adopted by the Legislature, and submitted to a vote of the people at the earliest practicable day, but we recognize the fact that any legislation which is greatly in advance of public sentiment is undesirable, because of the difficulty of procuring its proper execution; therefore, Resolved, That we advise all friends of Prohibition and Temperance in Pennsylvania to join hands in opposition to the present system of indiscriminate license for the sale of intoxicants, and in urging upon the Legislature at its next session, the passage of a good, practical local option law. Resolved, That we believe the re-enactment of a Local Option Law will enable many election districts in our State to adopt Prohibition, and thereby greatly improve the social, financial and moral condition of their population. The improvement which the experience of other sections has shown to uniformly follow the enforcement of prohibitory laws—bringing about a decrease of crime, pauperism, and taxation, and an increase of wealth, domestic happiness, and prosperity of every kind—should powerfully influence other districts to follow in line, and thus advance the good of all classes of people in our noble Commonwealth. dence of her son, Samuel R. Shipley, 1033 Spruce street. She was born in April, 1789, and was therefore nearly ninety-seven years old. It is just fortynine years and a few months since her late husband was buried in the Friends' burial ground, at Fourth and Arch streets. Some of our older citizens will remember that interment as one of the most remarkable ever seen in Philadelphia. He was followed to his grave by some thousands of the colored people of the city, who revered him as one of their chief friends in a day when friends of the black man were scarce. Zachariah Poulson, in commenting upon this spectacle in his newspaper, drew this somewhat striking contrast: 'A few days ago Aaron Burr was buried with the honors of war. Yesterday Thomas Shipley was buried with the honors of Peace.' Thomas Shipley and his wife made their home an open one to all friends of the slave. Benjamin Lundy, Arnold Buffum, George Thompson, of London, Wm. Lloyd Garrison, and many others of the early Abolitionists found a warm welcome beneath its friendly roof, and the hunted bondsman, no less, was made free of its hospitality as he journeyed northward to Canada. They were both members of the Orthodox branch of the Society of Friends, but their sympathies were too catholic to be restrained by any sectarian limits. Surviving her husband for nearly half a century, her inflexible integrity and genuine character endeared her to many who will long mourn her loss. In the fullness of years she has gone to join a generation which has passed away. Her last words were, 'His light shineth to the end.' WHE SUBMISSION. HEN success has crowned our efforts, heaping up the golden store, When ease rests within our dwelling, and fat plenty at our door, When our larders groan with dainties, and our cellars flow with wine, Then how easy 'tis to utter, "Not my will, O Lord, but Thine." When beside our cheerful fireside, we behold no vacant chair, But can gaze on childish faces gathered nightly round us there, With what quiet resignation, from the volume on our knee, We can read the invitation, "Suffer such to come to me." But when changes come, and with them ease and plenty both have fled, When the "Not my will, O Father," turns to cries for "Daily Bread," Then amid our want and sorrow, hunger's pinches, winter's chill, Shall we bow in true submission to our Heavenly Father's will? Or when Death with icy fingers, lays upon our darling's head, For the asphodels that crowned him, amaranthine wreathes instead: In our hour of deep affliction, from the hearts Gethsemane Will the prayer not rise, "O Father, pass this bitter cup -Selected. from Me?" WE SUMMER GONE. HAT though the summers drift beyond our keeping, Borne on the swell of Time's resistless wave? What though the flowers in their long, long sleeping Seem wrapped within the silence of the grave? Bring to our hearts such measure of content, And autumn with its treasures brown and gold, -Selected. EMPLOYMENT vs. SERVICĘ. EVERAL months ago two advertisements ap. peared in a New York newspaper. One offered a housemaid's place at three dollars a week and board, the other a position as copyist at seven dollars without board. They were inserted by the same person, and the story of their result bears very suggestively upon the question of woman's work. For that there were five hundred and four applicants for the copyist's place, while only one woman applied for the vacant housemaid's situation, both positions being deemed practically equivalent as to emolument, proves something more than that one calling in life is considered less genteel than another. There must be some motive more powerfnl than a disrelish for a certain occupation, more deep-lying than a dread of social proscription, to account for the absolute dearth of domestic labor at the present time. This dearth is becoming a matter of serious importance, and the time is not far distant when, if our present social economy is not to be overturned, the whole subject will have to be profoundly studied, and a new adjustment made of the duties and relations of master or mistress and maid. Certainly, to the young woman who has to earn her living by the unskilled work of her hands, no employment would appear, at the first blush, to be more appropriate, safe and profitable than domestic service. A service place may be regarded as a training school for that home of her own to which every woman looks forward with more or less of hope. It gives her the security and protection of home, it makes adequate provision for the daily wants of life; and the wages earned, being all a clear gain, are usually better, on the whole, than those of the factory operative, or shop girl, or copyist, who must provide her own board, lodging and washing. Looked at from this point of view, the reluctance of women to enter upon household service would appear as foolish and unreasoning as it is universal. But it is safe to assume that a universal instinct is never wholly foolish and unreasoning, and in this case a closer study of facts will show it to have some rational basis. To begin with, the financial advantages of a service place are not always so great as would appear. When the money to be paid for board goes to swell the home exchequer, as it very often does, it is of little advantage to a girl to be boarded by her employer. If the copyist at seven dollars a week must pay four for board and lodgings, she is clearly no better off than the housemaid at three. But if the four dollars are paid to her father or mother, the gain to them is very considerable, for, in a large family of thrifty working people, the actual cost of good and sufficient food for each person need not exceed onefourth that sum. In this case the other incidental advantage of a comfortable and protecting home are also eliminated from the question. In the very large number of cases where the working woman cannot live at home, or has none, while the financial situation is the same, the balance as to safety and comfort would seem to be all on the side of the housemaid. But is it so? Are the quarters assigned to servants in the majority of houses much better than those they would find in decent boarding-houses at four dollars a week? Small, ill-furnished, chill, with no provision for seclusion and no possibility of choice of companionship, what girl of common human feeling would not shrink from a situation which offers her home comforts such as these? In her boarding-house she may close her door,-at the worst she may choose her companion; in a service place her bedfellow may be coarse, untidy, repulsive to the last degree, and she is powerless even to object. The protection afforded in domestic service is too often only in name. The scanty leisure of the housemaid is her own, with no thought of interest or inquiry from her employer as to her mode of spending it. A vicious, even a thoughtless fellow-servant may be the means of harm incalculable, of which the mistress never so much as dreams. And to say that the working girl is subject to the same dangers in her boarding-house is simply to acquiesce in the statement that one situation is like the other, as far as safety goes. As to leisure, how vastly superior is the copyist's to the housemaid's place! Her evenings are her own, not necessarily for idle recreation, still less, perhaps, for self-improvement, but very probably for the needlework which plays so important a part in the lives and economies of women. The housemaid of to-day rarely sews, rarely has either the time or the inclination even to repair, still less to make her own wardrobe. Her daily work unfits her hands for the needle, and the late hours, at least of city life, give her little leisure to employ it if this were not so. this results a positive financial disadvantage, and to her mind and character the loss is really a serious one, for no womanly occupation is so refining and uplifting as needlework. From The case then, fairly considered, seems not to go wholly against the women who shrink from domestic service. It is well that this should be understood. It is necessary that many women should be household servants, it is no less necessary that they should be respectable, capable, reliable. Something |