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And warms and moves the hearts of men like hers, The sainted daughter of Hungarian kings. United now, the Briton and the Hun,

Each, in her own time. faithful unto death, Live sister souls! in name and spirit one, Thuringia's saint and our Elizabeth.

JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER.

From the Public Ledger. ASTRONOMICAL NOTES.

HAVERFORD

AVERFORD College Observatory, Ninth month, 2d, 1885.-Yesterday a telegram was received from Harvard Observatory: "Variation in Andromeda Nebula, star-like nucleus observed by Harting." Upon examinging the nebula in the evening, the nucleus was very evident. In order to understand the significance of this curious change, a few words must be said as to what is known of nebulæ in general.

There are known to astronomers about 7,000 cloud-like forms in the sky visible in telescopes. Many of these are so faint as scarcely to be seen in the largest glasses, and probably half of them would not be noticed at all by an unskilled observer. They are mostly irregular in outline, though some are nearly circular, some oval, a few are ringshaped, and others have other curious symmetrical forms. The two Herschels, who discovered and catalogued the most of them, were doubtful as to their structure and purpose. But there being many well-defined clusters of little stars, and these seeming to merge by insensible gradations into the nebulæ,it came to be an accepted article of belief that if telescopic power could be sufficiently increased they would all be found to be composed of stars crowded together. Sir William Herschel had an idea they were "island universes," collections of stars. similar to the lucid stars we see continually about us, only vastly farther away, and separated from our stellar system by a gap of empty space.

The spectroscope, however, destroyed this enticing theory. It had hardly been put in working operation when the telescope, with spectroscopic attachment, was pointed to some of the brighter nebulæ, and the bright lines there manifested gave unmistakable evidence of gaseous composition in the case of many of them. Some showed solid matter, and in all the nebula which the recent increase of telescopic magnitude has resolved, none of those are in the list which the spectroscope pronounced gaseous. So we must conclude that many of these nebulæ are masses of glowing gas, while others are collections of stars either very much crowded or immensely remote.

The Great Nebula of Andromeda lies between Cassiopeia and the Square of Pegasus. It is one of the brightest of the class, and can be seen on a moonless night by the naked eye as a feeble,diffused light. In the telescope it is an oval mass, which has been traced to a length of four degrees, though ordinarily it cannot be seen to a greater extent than one degree (twice the diameter of the sun). Large telescopes show dark rifts extending through it lengthwise, and there are a few spots of greater intensity of light than the

surrounding matter. It looks not unlike a comet, and has been so mistaken by unskilled observers. It is one of the class which the spectroscope indicates is composed of solid or liquid matter, though the strongest power has hitherto failed to reveal anything like stars.

The recent changes are suggestive of many speculations, which it is not necessary to explain here. They will be watched with interest by astronomers. The new nucleus is about as bright as a seventh magnitude star, and situated nearly in the centre of the nebula.

In looking for this nebula with the naked eye it must not be confused with the clusters of Perseus, which are in the Milky Way between Cassiopeia and Perseus. These are beautiful telescopic objects faintly discernible by the eye. Even a small telescope will leave no doubt as to their character,being collections of thousands of stars.

It is a favorite theory with many that these nebulæ represent suns and solar systems in process of formation; that they slowly condense as they cool off— throw off planets by centrifugal force, and gradually evolve a system like our own. It may be that the Andromeda Nebula has reached a point where this change is going on with a rapid and visible impulse. If so, it will be doubly interesting, as indicating the past stages of the development of our system, a critical period in the evolution of a sun. I. S.

ORTHODOX FRIENDS.

THE Friend prints the proceedings connected with the laying down of San Jose Monthly Meeting, (California), by Honey Creek Quarterly Meeting, (Iowa), to which it had belonged. At the latter meeting, on Seventh month 4th, a committee made a report recommending this step, and stated that they had corresponded with the San Jose meeting, submitting to it a series of six questions. (They were received, it appears in the Fifth month, and the answers prepared and forwarded a month later.) The answers to these they regarded as unsatisfactory, and in some respects evasive, and they concluded that: "In view of their condition in regard to doctrine, disunity and practice, we are united in believing that they are disqualified for holding a monthly meeting profitably or reputably. We therefore propose that San Jose Monthly Meeting be discontinued, and the members attached to Honey Creek Monthly Meeting."

It will be interesting to many, no doubt, who desire to study the present movements amongst the several bodies of Friends to read the questions and their answers. They were as follows:

QUESTIONS.

1st. Are you in unity and sympathy with Iowa Yearly Meeting, of which Barclay Hinchman is clerk?

2d. Do you unite with the Declaration of Faith recorded in the revised Book of Discipline of said Yearly Meeting?

3d. Do you unite with the evangelistic work as directed by that Yearly Meeting?

4th. We ask in particular, do you believe in the statement on the 22d page of said Book of Discipline, that the Holy Spirit dwells only in the righteous?

5th. Do you believe in the Deity of the man, Christ Jesus, whom the evangelist represents as the Son of God, born of the Virgin Mary?

6th. Do you believe the sacrifice of the life and of the literal blood of Jesus Christ, which was shed on Calvary, was and is a propitiation or atonement for sin?

ANSWERS.

1st. We are in unity with Iowa Yearly Meeting, as shown by our reports and payments of assessments.

2d. We believe in the Declaration of Faith authorized by the universal acceptance of all the yearly meetings of our Society.

3d. There has been no opposition to evangelistic work, and our members favor and encourage genuine revivals.

4th. We have never heard the expression used in "teaching," by any of our members, that the Holy Spirit" dwells" in the unrighteous. That the light and Spirit of Christ is in all men (as God's witness), is believed and taught.

5th. We believe in the man Christ Jesus, whom the Apostle represents as the Son of God, born of the Virgin Mary, that He is true God and perfect man, and "in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily." (Col.; iii., 9.)

6th. We believe that the sacrifice of the life and blood of Jesus Christ who died on the cross, was and is a propitiation or atonement for sin.

The committee's statement of dissatisfaction with the answers was as follows:

The meeting will see that the answer to the Second Query is both evasive and indefinite. We do not know what they allude to by the "declaration of faith authorized by the universal acceptance of all the yearly meetings of our Society."

The Third answer is also evasive. We did not inquire after opposition, but after unity.

The declaration in the Fourth answer, that the light and Spirit of Christ is in all men, is directly opposed to our declaration that He dwells only in the righteous.

The Fifth answer is also evasive and ambiguous. They do not say that they believe in the Deity of the man, but in the man only, and that, "in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the God-head bodily." This savors of the Hicksite declaration that they believe in the Christ that was in the man Jesus, and that he is in us.

In regard to the Sixth answer, we know that at least one of them has taught, that the blood that cleanses the soul is spiritual; therefore we queried after faith in the literal blood shed on Calvary, which is avoided in the an

swer.

These answers satisfy us that the governing part of that monthly meeting are not sound in the doctrines of the Christian religion.

Upon these proceedings the Friend editorially comments with earnestness. It says: "The endorsement of the action of the Committee as satisfactory, and the adoption of its conclusions by the quarterly meeting, must be regarded as an endorsement of the doctrines embodied in it, which are a denial of fundamental principles of the Christian faith. If persons are not to be regarded as sound Friends who believe that the light and spirit of Christ is in all men as God's witness,' bringing ondemnation to the evil doers, as well as preserving the righteous; if it is heresy to say of our blessed Saviour, that 'He is true God and perfect man, and in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily,' without ascribing

'deity' to the 'man' alone; if it is false teaching to assert that 'It is the spiritual blood or life of Christ which alone cleanseth the soul from the nature and defilement of sin '-then the system of doctrines taught by the founders of our Society is a delusion and a snare; and there is not one of those sons of the morning of our day, but must be rejected on the principles which appear to have governed Honey Creek Quarterly Meeting. Of all the developments of change of doctrine, and departure from the principles of Friends, which have come to our notice, we recall no more glaring and radical than that here exhibited. We sincerely hope that many of the members of that quarterly meeting will have their eyes opened to see the position in which they are thus placed, and will faithfully bear their testimony for the truth aud against error."

CURRENT EVENTS.

PRESIDENT CLEVELAND returned to Washington from his summer trip to the Adirondacks, on the 7th instant, He is in good health.

TROUBLE is feared in the Indian Territory over the distribution of $300,000 recently paid the Cherokee Nation by the Government for ceded lands. The freedmen in the Nation claim equal rights with the native-born Cherokees. The matter will come up at the session of the Cherokee Legislature next month. Senator Dawes is said to favor the claim of the freedmen.

THE Chicago Farmers' Review prints a summary of the corn crop outlook, based on reports from its correspondents, and says: At this writing, September 7th, we judge three-fourths of the corn of the entire country is past danger from frost."

SMALL-POX continues in Montreal. There were 12 deaths on the 5th inst., and 14 next day.

THE most destructive hailstorm ever known in Charles county, Maryland, passed over that section on Seventh-day evening. The hailstones were as large as hens' eggs, and entire fields of corn and tobacco were destroyed. The loss is estimated at $100,000.

LARGE parades of the labor organizations took place in New York and Chicago, on the 7th inst. The latter refused to admit "the red flag of the Socialists," and adopted resolutions declaring their attachment to law and order, and their condemnation of anarchists.

THE argument in the suits of the State of Pennsylvania against the parties to the sale of the South Pennsylvania Railroad was called up, in the court at Harrisburg, on the 8th inst., but was postponed to the 29th.

A SHOCKING affair occurred at Rock Springs, in Wyoming Territory, on the 2d instant. A body of miners em(( coolie" miners, ployed there attacked some Chinese or who were also working there, and in the series of riots which followed, at least fifty of the Chinese were killed.

A TELEGRAM from Deadwood, Dakota, says that the unpleasant weather in the last two weeks culminated on the morning of the 5th, in a snow storm. The outlook for grain is gloomy. "Four-fifths of all the crops are cut, and the bulk is lying on the ground heating and growing. Much that is stacked is being destroyed, even for feed." This statement is probably somewhat exaggerated, but there is no doubt that material damage has been done to crops in the extreme northwest by frosts and bad weather.

A SERIOUS Controversy between Spain and Germany over the possession of the Caroline Islands, in the South Pacific

Ocean, has threatened, for ten days past, to disturb the peace between those nations. It is now probable that the difficulty will be adjusted in some amicable way.

IN Dundee, Scotland, on the 7th instant, 10,000 persons employed in the jute mills went on strike.

THE cholera has decreased in some parts of Spain, but increased in others, and remains very serious. The reported new cases, on the 6th instant, were 2132, and the deaths 619.

W. E. GLADSTONE has returned to his country home, Hawarden Castle, Wales. His health is said to be good, but great interest is still shown in the question whether he will be able to take part in the campaign for the election of members of Parliament.

NEWS AND OTHER GLEANINGS. -The especial feature of the Pilot Chart for September, just issued, is information relative to cyclones, from which mariners in the North Atlantic will be in peril these next two months. A dozen of the more noted hurricanes of the last eighty years, including that of a few days ago, are so traced on the map as to show the usual course of such storms, and to indicate where one is most likely to be encountered. This data is supplemented by a diagram which will enable a navigator, thus overtaken, to ascertain from the direction of the wind his relative position in the colossal whirl, and which instructs him how most easily to escape from its power. It is by such services as this to shipping that the Hydrographic Office demonstrates its great practical utility.

"Mr. McArthur's scheme for ventilating sewers by connecting them with the furnaces of steam boilers along the line of the sewers seems on its face a most excellent one," says the Philadelphia Press. "In this way the noxious gases of the sewers would be consumed in the furnaces instead of poisoning the air, and the draught in house pipes would be from the house to the sewer, instead of the reverse, as at present. The great benefit to the general health of the city which would follow the consumption of sewer gas in this way would be cheaply purchased by a reduction of the tax on the steam boilers engaged in this important work of purification."

-Charleston, S. C., and Savannah, Ga., were visited by a tornado on the 25th of last month, which in Charleston alone did $1,000,000 damage. One-fourth of the houses in that city were unroofed, parts of the spires of St. Michael's and St. Matthew's Churches were blown down, and the spire of the Citadel Square Baptist Church was demolished, the wharves and warehouses were badly damaged, at Sullivan's Island two steamers went aground, and the Ashley River bridge in course of construction was swept away. The damage to shipping at Savannah was very heavy. The Charleston News and Courier says that the cyclone which caused such havoc there was an evil not unmixed with good. The damage done has, of course, to be repaired, and this means, says the News, " employment for over 10,000 of the working people of the city who would otherwise have had to remain idle until November next. It means bread to thousands of hungry families, and life and energy in the place of summer idleness and inactivity. It means new buildings, bright homes, cheerfulness, and progress."

WEATHER REPORT FOR EIGHTH MONTH. The following is the summary of meteorological conditions of Eighth month, 1885, reported by the Philadelphia station of the Signal Service Bureau:

Mean barometer, 29.977.

Highest barometer, 30.264, on the 17th.

Lowest barometer, 29.632, on the 3d.
Monthly range of barometer, 0.632.
Mean temperature, 71.8.

Highest temperature, 90.8, on the 1st.
Lowest temperature, 51.1, on the 27th.

Greatest daily range of temperature, 27.6, on the 25th.
Least daily range of temperature, 8.2, on the 7th.
Mean daily range of temperature, 16.7.
Mean daily dew point, 62.0.

Mean daily relative humidity, 73.6.
Prevailing direction of wind, southwest.
Total movement of wind, 6431 miles.

Highest velocity of wind, 28, 3d, 25th and 26th.
Number of clear days, 11.

Number of fair days, 15.

Number of cloudy days, 5.

Number of days on which rain fell, 15.

Thunder storms, 1st, 2d, 3d, 13th, 19th, 23d, 25th.
Tornado, 3d.

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THE UNION TRUST COMPANY,

AUTHORIZED CAPITAL,

annum.

611 and 613 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

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Acts as Executor, Administrator, Assignee, etc., alone or in connection with an individual appointee. Executes trusts of every description known to the law. All trust assets kept separate from those of the Company. Burglar-Proof Safes to rent at $5 to $60 per Wills kept in Vaults without charge. Bonds, Stocks and other valuables taken under guarantee. Paintings, Statuary, Bronzes, etc., kept in Fire-Proof Vaults. Money received on deposit at interest. JAMES LONG, President; JOHN G. READING, Vice-President; MAHLON H. STOKES, Treasurer and Secretary; D. R. PATTERSON, Trust Officer. DIRECTORS.-James Long, Alfred S. Gillett, Dr. Charles P. Turner, William S. Price, John T. Monroe, W. J. Nead, Thomas R. Patton, John G. Reading, James S. Martin, D. Hayes Agnew, M. D., Jos. I. Keefe, Robert Patterson, Theodore C. Engel, Jacob Naylor, Thomas G. Hood, Edward L. Perkins, Philadelphia; Samuel Riddle, Glen Riddle, Pa.; Dr. George W. Reiley, Harrisburg, Pa.; J. Simpson Africa, Huntingdon; Henry S. Eckert, Reading; Edmund S. Doty, Mifflintown; W. W. H. Davis, Doylestown; R. E. Monaghan, West Chester: Charles W. Cooper, Allentown.

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This Company furnishes ALL DESIRABLE FORMS of LIFE and ENDOWMENT INSURANCE at actual NET
COST. It is PURELY MUTUAL; has ASSETS of nearly TEN MILLIONS and a SURPLUS of about Two MILL-
ITS POLICIEŚ ARE NON-FORFEITABLE AND INCONTESTABLE.
SAMUEL C. HUEY, President.
HENRY C. BROWN, Secretary.

IONS.

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The Keystone Woven Wire Mattress.

The best, most durable and comfortable SPRING MATTRESS in use. Made to suit any bedstead.

WM. H. JONES,

The Dealer in Agricultural Implements, Seeds and Fertilizers. Removed to 2043 and 2045 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa. Cheapest and largest variety. Every conceivable implement of farm use, harness, seeds and fertilizers. It is a curiosity, and of great interest to every utilitarian to see the establishment. If you cannot get here, write for wants. I am in communication with all the Agricultural implement builders in the U. S.

ALWAYS A SPECIAL BARGAIN ROOM.

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WM. HEACOCK,

UNDERTAKER,

No. 1508 Brown Street,
PHILADELPHIA.

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OLLEGE OF OMMERCE

Office, 1200 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

A LEADING School of BUSINESS SCIENCES.
OCCUPIES TWO COMMODIOUS BUILDINGS.
Open all the year. Students may commence at any time.
A Faculty of 19 instructors and lecturers. Superior facilities.
for training young men and women in the Forms, Customs and
Practice of current business procedure, and for the successful
conduct of private and public affairs. Send for illustrated cir-
culars.
THOS. J. PRICKETT, PRINCIPAL.

WILSON JUNIOR PEDIGREE BLACKBERRY,

The largest, best, and most productive Early Blackberry, 34 inches around, from seed of selected Wilson's Early.

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LYDIA A. MURPHY,

Our Healthful Home.

Plain and Fancy Milliner. INVALIDS can enter this pleasantly situated Sanatoriom at any

ESTABLISHED 30 YEARS.

537 Franklin St., 2 doors bel. Green,

PHILADELPHIA.

CLEMENT A. WOODNUTT,

UNDERTAKER,

1215 NORTH FIFTEENTH STREET,

time for treatment. Our accommodations are first-class. We have soft spring water, dry, invigorating air, fine walks and drives, with the advantages of both city and country.

Dr. A. SMITH is very successful in healing the sick, with his comprehensive system of medical treatment. Invalids cannot find a better home. Terms reasonable: send for circulars. Address, A. SMITH, M. D.,

OUR HEALTHFUL HOME, Reading, Pa.

NEW ENGLAND JUDGED BY THE SPIRIT

OF THE LORD.

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DURING THE HEATED TERM.

Keep the blood cool and brain clear by the use of

Tarrant's Effervescent Seltzer Aperient.

It corrects acidity of the stomach, moves the bowels without griping or pain, allays Fevers, reduces temperature and purifies the blood. Is pleasant to take, easy to carry, and always reliable. Sold by Druggists everywhere.

RICHARDS & SHOURDS,

New edition just out. Price in sheep,
For sale by

FRIENDS' BOOK ASSOCIATION,

1020 ARCH STREET, Phila.

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WHAT $5.00 WILL BUY.

IF $5.00 is sent us, either by Registered Letter, Postal Note, Bank Check, or Post-Office Order, we will send any one of the following orders:-Order No. 1; We will send 6 pounds of good Black, Green, Japan or Mixed Tea, and 18 pounds of good mild or strong roasted Coffee. Order No. 2; We will send 30 pounds of good mild, or strong roasted Coffee. Order No. 3; We will send 5 pounds of real good Black, Green, Japan or Mixed Tea, and 15 pounds of fine mild or strong roasted Coffee. Order No. 4; We will send 25

CARPENTERS AND BUILDERS. pounds of real good mild or strong roasted Coffee. Persons may

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club together and get one of these orders, and we will divide it to
suit the club, sending it all to one address. To those who wish to
purchase in larger quantities, we will sell at a still further reduc-
tion. The Tea and Coffee will be securely packed and sent by ex-
press or freight, whichever is ordered. Samples of any of the
above orders will be sent free by mail to examine. In ordering,
please state whether Order No. 1, 2, 3 or 4 is desired. Call on or
address,
WM. INGRAM & SON, TEA DEALERS,
31 N. Second Street, Philadelphia.

FRIENDS' WEDDING INVITATIONS. Send for Samples. No Charge.

NO. 908 ARCH STREET, DIXON PHILADELPHIA, PENNA.

FRIENDS' MARRIAGE CERTIFICATES, Correctly and Handsomely Engrossed.

GIRARD LIFE INSURANCE, ANNUITY AND TRUST CO. OF PHILADELPHIA.

NO. 2030 CHESTNUT STREET.

INSURES LIVES, GRANTS ANNUITIES, ACTS AS EXECUTOR, ADMINISTRATOR, GUARDIAN, TRUSTEE, COMMITTEE OR RECEIVER, AND RECEIVES DEPOSITS ON INTEREST.

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INSURES LIVES, GRANTS ANNUITIES, RECEIVES MONEY ON DEPOSIT, ACTS AS EXECUTOR, ADMINISTRATOR, GUARDIAN, TRUSTEE, ASSIGNEE, COMMITTEE, RECEIVER, AGENT, ETC.

All Trust Funds and Investments are kept separate and apart from the Assets of the Company.

President, SAMUEL R. SHIPLEY, Vice-President, T. WISTAR BROWN, Vice-President and Actuary, ASA S. WING, Manager of Insurance Department, JOS. ASHBROOK, Trust Officer, J. ROBERTS FOULKE.

Reuben Wilson

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