is drained from the curd, one-third pint good salt to 18 or 20 lbs. curd added, and all well mixed and put into the hoop and put to press-(a Jever press is used)-where it is kept two days and carefully turned each day. From the press the cheese goes to the counter, is slightly colored with annatto and thoroughly rubbed over with butter or lard; usually it is bandaged the first day out of the press. The cheese is now turned, rubbed and greased, each day, till well cured. Slight differences will often occur in making milk into cheese, to meet which differences of treatment will be found necessary, for which no available theory can well be given, so that the cheese-maker, in order to succeed, must have practical knowledge. The undersigned, after a number of years' practice and close observation, is of opinion that much damage is done to cheese by the hurried process of its manufacture, and that the time usually occupied in reducing milk to curd, if judiciously managed, might be considerably protracted with profit to the maker and consumer, as the richness would be retained, which often works off in the form of white whey when the work is carelessly or hurriedly performed-and that too much attention cannot be paid to scalding and salting; that a fault in either of these will entail upon the cheese bad qualities that no care or pains can afterwards separate from it-that the utmost care is necessary in preserving everything about a dairy free from fermentation, and the curd especially so, as it destroys the flavor, rendering the cheese acid and hard, unfitting it as an article of pleasant or even healthy diet. Pomfret, Sept. 29, 1843. SECOND PREMIUM. L. Baldwin's mode of making Cheese. Milk the cows at night, and if the weather is cool, strain and keep the milk in the tub over night; if weather is warm, so that there is any danger of its changing, we set in tin pans in a cool, airy place. In the morning, put the cream that rises over night into a boiler, with some of the milk, and heat it till thoroughly mixed; put the morning's milk into the tub with the remainder of the night's milk, and raise the temperature, with the warmed milk, to the temperature of 90 or 95 degrees; put in rennet sufficient to cause the milk to begin to curdle or thicken in ten or fifteen minutes; let it stand one hour or over; cut it down from top to bottom both ways, to form squares of about one inch; let it stand fifteen or 20 minutes, till curd begins to settle; break it up with a tin breaker, made for the purpose, carefully, so as not to bruise the crud; let it stand a few minutes, then dip off sufficient of the whey into the boiler for scalding; while whey is heating, continue to dip off the the whey from the curd and dip over the crud till it becomes sufficiently shrunk for scalding; dip on warm whey to raise temperature again to 90 or 95 degrees; stir well together that the heat may be uniform; let stand fifteen minutes; dip off what whey we can again, then raise the temperature to 98 degrees; stir again as before; let stand the same length of time as before; dip it into the draining basket, and work it carefully with the hands (to keep it from packing together) for about one hour, or till sufficiently shrunk to put to press; put it back into the tub; put six ounces common salt to curd for twenty pounds cheese; mix thoroughly together; let stand till nearly cold, then put to press. Number of cows kept this season, 22; milk for family use saved out; probably the milk of 21 made to cheese; average weight of cheese now cured, made during the best of the season, 60 to 65 lbs. Arkwright, Sept. 30, 1843. FIRST PREMIUM ON BUTTER. Statement of Jabez Burchard, for making Butter from eleven cows. Milk should stand from 20 to 36 hours after milking, according to the temperature of the weather; then pour off the cream into a tub; churn every other day; work it over immediately after churning; put in at the rate of 12 oz. of salt to every 10 lbs. of butter. WASHINGTON COUNTY. The Washington County Agricultural Society respectfully submits to the State Society the subjoined abstract of its proceedings, for the year 1843: May 31st.-A meeting of the executive committee was held in the village of Sandy-Hill, at which a list of premiums was agreed upon, and published. Upon 66 articles 121 cash premiums, of from $1 to $6 each were offered; and the volumes of the State Society's Transactions, presented by the Legislature, were also directed to be distributed as premiums. The society has hitherto offered no premiums upon farms; the executive committee deeming it their best policy to devote all of their limited amount of funds to the single purpose of producing brisk competition, and a display of numerous specimens at their annual fairs-thus endeavoring to render these exhibitions so attractive as to draw together the great mass of our population, to witness the effects of diligence and carefulness, of intelligence and judicious experiments in our rural occupations; and thus learn that our common modes of husbandry and household management are susceptible of great improve ments. August 1st. The viewing committee were appointed, and other arrangements for the anuual fair were made, at a meeting of the executive committee held this day. The greatest amount of funds now in the treasurer's hands having been paid, or secured to be paid, from the town of Argyle-by the rules of the society, the fair was advertised to be held in said town. October 10th and 11th.-The third anniversary fair and cattle-show of the society, was held in the village of Argyle upon these days. The number, variety and excellence of the articles exhibited, and the throng of citizens who honored the occasion with their attendance, gave gratifying evidence that the society was still progressing in populaesteem, and now occupied a rank even in advance of that in which it unexpectedly stood at the preceeding anniversary. It was the first Agricultural Fair which has ever been held in this county upon two successive days, and the eclat with which the proceedings of each day passed off, evinced the judiciousness of this arrangement. Addresses were delivered, on the first day by L. B. Armstrong; upon the second by I. W. Thompson. At the close of the latter, officers were elected, and the different viewing committees presented their reports. The officers of the society for the ensuing year are as follows: David Sill, Hartford, President; Avira Eldridge, Whitecreek; John Barker, Granville; Orville Clark, Kingsbury, and John Williams, Jr., Salem, Vice-Presidents; L. B. Armstrong, Kingsbury, Corresponding Secretary, and Asa Fitch, Salem, Recording Secretary; James Savage, Argyle, Treasurer. One hundred and thirty-three fees from members, the State appropriation, and the balance from last year, have made the amount of the society's funds the current year $323.33. Having had a surplus of about $60 in our treasury upon each of the two pieceding years, we, the present year, increased our list of premiums, designing to absorb this balance. A competition unexpectedly brisk and extensive, caused an amount of awards much beyond what was anticipated from our previous experience-exceeding by $100 the sum of the preceding year-cash premiums to the amount of $324 having been bestowed at our recent fair. The other expenditures of the society, for printing, binding, &c., left a small balance against the society, to be paid from the subscriptions of the coming year. By order of the president, ASA FITCH, Recording Secretary. REPORT ON FARMS, CROPS, &c. Committee: Edmund Lincoln, John Loring, Warren Gardner, Jr., Theo. Emerson, Seth Gerry. The following report, from one of the committees of the Washington County Agricultural Society, presents facts rendering it worthy of publication, for the purpose of showing the profits that may be realized by well-directed industry in agricultural employment-results measurably within the reach of all enterprizing farmers, however small-sized may be their farms, and however limited their capital: The committee of the Washington County Agricultural Society report they have examined the returns of crops and specimens of produce brought before them, and have awarded the following premiums: To Wm. M'Glofflin, for the best crop of wheat, a premium of. $5 00 Seth Gerry, second best,.. Leonard Fisher, best crop of Indian corn,. Eben Fisher, second best,. William Tarbell, best crop of white beans, William D. Dana, best crop of oats, 4.00 4 00 3.00 3.00 3.00 John M'Glofflin, greatest quantity of good varieties of garden seeds, John Loring, greatest quantity of vegetables and roots on farm, Nathan Pattangall, best crop of ruta baga,... 2.00 6.00 3.00 "The ground on which the third crop was raised, consisted of 44 square roods, ploughed on the 15th June, which for the two last years had not produced more than half a ton of hay to the acre. The manure used was compost, 40 cart loads to the acre; made of three loads of sheep manure, three of salt marsh weed, and the rest of peat muck. The seed was shown on the 29th of June. The crop consisted of 307 bushels on 44 square rods. To Nathan Pattangall, best crop of onions, a premium of.... $1 00 John Kilby, best crop of "White Bluenose" potatoes,... 6 00 "The statements made with this entry were, that the ground on which the potatoes were raised had been used for the fourteen previous years for mowing land, and had been without any dressing during that time. The ground was broken up in October, at which time 20 loads of rock weed to the acre were ploughed in. When the potatoes were planted (from the 20th to the 30th of May) about 20 loads to the acre of stable manure were placed in the furrows. The potatoes were hoed twice, and harvested from the 27th of September to October 3d. There were 488 bushels to the acre; all measured in bushels at 2 bushels to the barrel. To Seth Gerry, for the second best crops of White Bluenose. potatoes, a premium of J. Loring, greatest crop of potatoes, $4.00 6 00 "This crop consisted of 1,600 bushels several kinds of potatoes, on 2 acres and 116 rods of very indifferent grass-land ploughed in the previous fall. Manured, when planted, with about 35 loads of compost of barn manure and sea-weed to the acre. Planted from June 3d to 16th. To John Kilby, for second best crop of potatoes, a premium of. $4 00 1.00 4 00 "The land on which this hay grew had been tilled for the two previous years, for potatoes and wheat. This year there were 12 loads of rock-weed to the acre applied to it, and there was estimated to be 5 tons cut from one acre and 14 rods. To John M'Glofflin, for the greatest produce on 15 square rods, $3 00 1.00 1.00 "The first premium of $7, was awarded to John Loring, for the best managed and most productive farm. His farm (as well as those of the two others who drew premiums) was personally examined by the committee, particularly with reference to the quantity of produce raised upon it this year; and the following abstract of returns made by him, are allowed to be correct and satisfactory. "There were raised on 30 acres of mowing land 60 tons of hay, at $10 a ton, Potatoes, on 5 acres and 36 rods, 2,100 bushels, valued at,. $600 00 525 00 135 00 Turnips, one acre 540 bushels, "The labor bestowed in its cultivation, was as follows; His own labor and attention, for 7 months, estimated at, . . One hired man, for 7 months, at $7 per month, His own two boys, for 7 months, labor estimated at $5 each, Received for hire of horse and oxen, and own labor, in that time, Total, 175 70 00 9.00 25 00 $1,365 75 $140 00 49 00 70 00 10 00 $339 00 89 00 $250 00 "His stock, wintered in 1842 and 1843, was as follows: "6 cows; 2 three year old bulls; 5 cattle, 2 years old; 6 calves; 26 sheep; 2 swine, now killed and weighing 993 pounds. "Whole number of acres on farm 401. "The second premium of $6, was given to Thompson Lincoln, whose farm and lot consists of 175 acres; forty-seven of which are mowing and tillage. Four acres of it were planted with potatoes, and five to grass. This farm was commenced 19 years ago. "He raised this year 30 tons of hay; 450 bushels white bluenose potatoes, 550 of other kinds; 45 bushels wheat; 40 bushels of oats; 20 bushels of barley, and 14 bushels rye; and one quarter of an acre of turnips producing 220 bushels. The whole labor bestowed on the farm was that of himself and his two boys, one 15 and the other 11 years of age. He keeps 7 cows, and has sold this spring 660 pounds of butter. He keeps 16 head of horned cattle in all; 1 horse; 30 sheep, &c. "The third premium of $4, was awarded to Isaac Reed, whose farm consisted of 484 acres of which 30 acres are mowing; 12 pasture; 6 tillage. With the exception of one month's hire of one hand in haying, and a few days in planting, Mr. Reed, with his two sons, one 16 and the other 17 years of age, did the whole of the work on this farm, besides cultivating another of more than equal extent, on which they think that they performed an equal amount of labor. They |