250 FOREIGN TRAVELS OF THE PRINCES.

formal protest. The king and his government were firm, and the admiral did not deem it prudent to press the case farther. 1

Still another,

In the following year similar demands were renewed by Mr. Perrin, who came in the corand the last. vette Serieuse, as commissioner of the French Republic. He was prepared to enforce his demands as before; but Providence so ordered, that the United States ship Vandalia, Captain Gardner, came into port at the critical point of the negotiation. The presence of this vessel, and the impression that she would resist any acts of violence, in case the United States flag were raised by the government, had the effect to lead the French commissioner to waive his most offensive demands. Thus the Lord again interposed, and the French government did not repeat these dishonorable proceedings.

The two princes, who have of late occupied the Hawaiian throne, sons of Kekuanaoa, and

Visit of the

two princes

States.

to the United grandsons of Kamehameha I., visited England and the United States in 1849, and made everywhere a favorable impression by their intelligence, their graceful manners, and the propriety of their deportment. These representatives of the Hawaiian nation, had a formal interview with the Prudential Committee at the Missionary House, when the Chairman addressed them, and presented to each of them an elegant pocket Bible. A reply was made by Dr. Judd, the ambassador whom they had accompanied to Europe and America, and written acknowledgments were afterwards received from the interesting strangers.

1 For a more full account, see Missionary Herald, 1850, pp. 61-66.

CHAPTER XXIX.

A CENSUS. MARQUESAN MISSION.-OAHU COLLEGE.

1850-1853.

A CENSUS of the Islands, taken in January, 1850, gave the population at eighty-four thousand Population of one hundred and sixty-five. The deaths in the islands. that year were four thousand three hundred and twenty, and the births one thousand four hundred and twenty-two; being an excess of the deaths over the births of two thousand eight hundred and ninetyeight. The males under eighteen years of age, were twelve thousand nine hundred and twenty-three, and the females ten thousand three hundred and eightythree; from eighteen to fifty-three they were about equally divided. The blind were five hundred and five, and the deaf two hundred and forty-nine.

There had been extraordinary causes of mortality during the year preceding that census. The decrease in the population had been constant, though greatly checked by the prevalence of Christianity. Of unmarried foreigners, there were five hundred and sixty-five; of foreigners having white wives, there were one hundred and sixty-eight, and their children numbered three hundred and fifty-nine. Foreigners with native wives were three hundred and twelve, and they had five hundred and fiftyeight children. The number of pupils in five Eng

252

ucation.

THE NATIONAL EDUCATION.

lish schools was four hundred and thirty-eight, and National ed- the high schools contained two hundred and two. The primary and common schools were five hundred and forty, containing fifteen thousand six hundred and twenty pupils. Four hundred and thirty-seven of the common schools were Protestant, and one hundred and three were Catholic. The Protestant schools had thirteen thousand two hundred and sixty-one pupils, and the Catholic schools two thousand three hundred and fifty-nine. The total outlay for these schools during the year by the government, was $21,989.84, of which $17,051.84 were paid as teachers' wages, and $3,160.51 were expended for school-houses. There were also two select schools supported by government, the expense of which, for the year 1849, had been $6,545; and eight other select schools were reported, which were sustained in different ways, some by subscription, some by parents of the pupils, and two by the American Board. These ten select schools embraced in all four hundred and fifty-seven pupils, of which two hundred and sixty-seven were Hawaiian, one hundred and five half-caste, and eighty-five pure white. Three other English schools were said to be in operation, embracing about seventy scholars, most of whom were native children.

relapse and

A remarkable relapse into intemperance at Waimea, on Hawaii, about this time, and a no less reRemarkable markable recovery, are described by Mr. recovery. Lyons. Both illustrate the singular impressibility of the people. The agents of evil came, and found those who were willing to coöperate with them."From the hills and vales," says the missionary," the smoke of the ki root ovens ascended,

REMARKABLE RELAPSE AND RECOVERY. 253

and the deluded people were busily engaged day and night in manufacturing the intoxicating beverage, or in drunken festivals, with the old songs and dances. There were magistrates, but they had been drawn over."

66

Thus matters stood for a time. Mr. Lyons shall describe the recovery from this relapse in his own way. "A waking up of a part of the magistracy, and a change in another part, with the prayers of the saints that remained firm, and help from on high, restored order and tranquillity. For some time the heavens seemed to be brass above us. The fires of the ki root ovens had gone out; drunkenness and revelry had ceased; yet the Spirit of the Lord, except in a small degree, was not among the people. Few repented of their abominations. But prayer was unceasingly offered, and efforts were constantly made to reclaim the wanderers. In November a series of meetings was held, and the Holy Spirit was with us. There was a movement among those who had disgraced their profession, and also among those who had never come out on the Lord's side. Confessions were made; the desolations of Zion were repaired; the Sabbath congregations increased; the church arose, and put on her beautiful garments. Additions were made from the ranks of the impenitent.

"Meanwhile the reviving influence spread to the out-stations. In November and December I made a long tour through my field. It was a very precious season. Meetings were everywhere well attended. The churches, for the most part, presented an encouraging appearance. The cause of temperance flourished again, and temperance celebrations passed off well. In some places revivals were in progress.

254

HAWAIIAN PIETY CHARACTERIZED.

The spirit of benevolence was cheering. Schools had their usual appearance, though some of them were not so promising as formerly. Ninety-nine individuals have been received into the church on examination, and some sixty or seventy stand propounded for admission. A great number of wanderers have been reclaimed, and among them are some Romanists."

Hawaiian piety characterized.

Mr. Bishop, writing at this period, and speaking of Hawaiian converts from the low vices of heathenism, compares them to the reformed drunkard. There is a constant struggle with the old passions and habits, and perhaps in some unguarded moment a fall; but he rises again, and, with much to lament in his course, holds on to the end, and dies in the hope of immortality. So with many a Hawaiian Christian. His pastor and his more established brethren stand in fear of him, and exhort him, and pray for him, because his light does not shine as it ought, and because his faith is feeble, and Satan's temptations are strong. But the Lord is gracious to him while he lingers like Lot on the plain, and he is finally carried through in safety, a ransomed heathen, a sinner saved by grace.

Rise of the native Marquesan mission.

The mission to the Marquesas Islands had a singular origin. Some time in March, 1853, a chief from one of these Islands, named Matunui, with a son-in-law of his who was a native of Maui, arrived at Lahaina on board the whaleship Tamerlane. He was from the island of Fatuhiva, which he left in February, and his object in visiting the Sandwich Islands was to induce missionaries to go and live with his people, and teach them the word of God. He very much de