that way into unnecessary and too prominent notice; and in the opinions I expressed on the subject he subsequently coincided fully.

23. Received a visit from I. C. and his whole intelligent and pleasant family. Our conversation was principally about schools. He was very anxious I should unite with him in supporting two large Lancasterian schools at Yeni Keni, one for boys, and the other for girls; and finally, after much friendly talk on both sides, he said, he on his part, would give five thousand piastres a year, and then leave it altogether with me to do, and give, and manage according to my pleasure.

Greck Schools.

P. came and informed me, that L. had just sent for him to hasten to Constantinople, and assist in perfecting thirty or forty boys in the Lancasterian system, and in translating into the Turkish language certain parts of it, in order that the Seraskiar pasha might understand something of its nature. We heard two or three weeks since, that the Reis Effendi had sent to the Greek patriarch to make inquiry about these schools; but we paid little attention to it at the time, supposing that (if it were not altogether a false report) he simply wished to ascertain whether there were any advantages in the system, of which the Turkish children could avail themselves. But the order from the seraskiar pasha to the patriarch is now peremptory, and of a nature to excite apprehension; and as the patriarch is almost as ignorant of the subject as the seraskiar himself, he has referred him entirely to L. for information. He has, however, given a large room in which the boys may practice upon their lessons, for this occasion; the boys being taken, some of them from the school in Constantinople, and some of them from a school at one of the Prince's Islands. P. was much agitated and alarmed about the result, both as to himself, (he being the only teacher concerned who has not some kind of foreign protection) and as to the schools; and begged me to pray for him and for the cause. I assured him that I would, and endeavored to encourage him by repeating such texts as these, "Fear not;" "be of good courage," "wait on the Lord." I also suggested to him to seek a favorable opportunity of mentioning to the seraskiar, or some of his attendants, that, if they wished for such schools among themselves, I would as readily provide globes, maps, &c. for them, as for the Christian sects. May the Lord give us all needful wisdom, and "grant us mercy in the sight of this man."

The influence which this man's wealth and family give him, is very considerable, and would be to me very important; but I have, I must confess, many fears, that I should in the end find I was involved in too much expense, and had too many re

satisfied with the undertaking. Be it so, that in the present instance I am doing great injustice to the party concerned, yet all my former experience has impressed me deeply with the necessity of proceeding with much caution.

24. Read and conversed with the two

papal Armenian youth, as indeed I do with one or both of them almost every evening. The portion of scripture, which came in course, was part of the 26th chapter of Matthew, which gave me an opportunity of explaining the nature both of the passover, and of the Lord's supper. The design of both, I remarked, was similar, and it was very remarkable, that the language used in respect to both was similar. Thus in the kill the passover"-"eat the passover," one case it is said, "Prepare the passover" &c. But the passover was the passing over of the houses of the children of Israel, when the first-born of Egypt were destroyed, and was not, therefore, a thing which could be either killed, or eaten, or on which any such sort of things could be predicated. The disciples did not and could not eat this passing over of houses; they only prepared, killed and ate the lamb, which comIn the other case, it memorated this event. is said, "Take, eat, this is my body." But the disciples neither took his body, nor ate it; they only took and eat the bread which represented it. The language in neither case is literal, but in both is figurative, and in both is easily understood, and in both is to be understood in the same way.

27. Left the house this morning to go to Constantinople, but meeting with L. on the quay, the necessity of going was prevented. He says, that the first report which went to the seraskiar pasha about the schools, was very unfavorable, being made by enemies, and calculated to raise a suspicion of their being, in part at least, of a military character, introduced from the Morea to prepare the young Greeks of Constantinople for a revolution. No wonder that P. trembled for his own safety, since, under such suspicions, no account is made in Turkey of cutting off heads with

the numerous spectators, who were at the doors and windows of every house, to the power of their imagination to form an idea of the nymph for themselves. The musicians, also, now sung as well as played; and the father and others on horseback, as if unable to contain their joy, were dashing forwards at full speed, checking suddenly and turning back, and occasionally making show of playing at the dye reed. But neither the mother nor the sisters of the bride were of the party.

Towards evening we went again to the house of the bridegroom with Mrs. G. and Miss W. As the Turkish women had now come in their turn to see the display and offer their congratulations, we were of course excluded; but the ladies were admitted, and treated with sweetmeats. The bride was seated in a corner of a sofa with bits of gold leaf stuck on her checks, and did not presume to speak, or scarcely to open her eyes, she being to be seen, and not heard. The bridegroom was not there. The musicians had marched him off to the bath, and were now drumming him through different parts of the village, accompanying the music with a song, which, as the Turkish word for bridegroom occurred frequently in it, was evidently suited to the occasion. But very few persons, and those of the lower classes, joined in this procession; the whole was without much order; the music both vocal and instrumental was of the rudest kind; the young man blushed whenever we caught his eye; and if we rightly interpreted his feelings from his looks, he would have preferred to be somewhere else. It is said, that after three days, the mother, sisters, and other female rela

tives of the bride will come in due ceremony to visit her; but the bridegroom, it is presumed, will not be present.

Various Notices.

Nov. 6. At our morning service in English, expounded that part of the second chapter of Matthew, which contains an account of the visit of the wise men to Jerusalem to find and worship the infant Jesus. Afterwards P. came, and I expounded the same to him in Turkish. This man has evidently profited by his intercourse with former missionaries, who have visited Constantinople; especially Mr. Hartley, many of whose remarks in conversation, and of whose expressions in prayer, he still remembers, and repeats. He is desirous of our having a regular Greek or Turkish service on the Sabbath, in the protestant way, and of becoming himself a member of such church. So far, at least, as his opinions are concerned, he appears to be under the influence of the New Testament; and what is still better, he exhibits evidence of not being altogether without feelings corresponding in some measure to such a belief. 1 love to talk with him, as he has so many questions to ask about the new heart, and

conversion from sin to holiness; and withal appears modest, humble, teachable and inclined to spirituality. We conversed to-day on the revival of pure religion, and on the influence of the Holy Spirit, as existing in America, and as greatly needed in this country. He says-what, so far as my observation extends, I have no doubt is strictly true-that but very few if any of his acquaintances appear to have any solemn thoughts about the salvation of the soul, or any care about the truth.

11. Rode with commodore Porter to Belgrade-the paradise of lady Montagueto see the ancient Bents-the mighty works of former emperors and sultans for collecting water, and conveying it in aqueducts a distance of ten or twelve miles; to supply, as it still continues to do, the immense population of Constantinople.

After returning home, was visited by one of the Greek communion, who is in deacon's orders. He wished for a Greek Testament and spelling-book, and spoke highly of the Lancasterian school which P. has now commenced in the village. A year ago he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and said that he brought away with him a piece of the very cross, on which the Savior was crucified. I told him the story of a certain saint, whose teeth being preserved as relics in the churches, had become so numerous that, when collected together by order of the king, they filled several hogsheads. He laughed very heartily, and said that he did not himself place much reliance on such legends, but that the principal miracles connected with the history of places in Palestine celebrated by events and Christ, and the mountains, rocks, &c. in

and round about Jerusalem of course remained the same, as they were in the time of our Lord's abode on earth. How few in this land remember that we must, "neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father;" that God is a spirit, and they that worship him, must worship him in spirit and in truth!"

13. Went yesterday to Galata, and afterwards in company with Mr. E. visited the school in Constantinople. From thence I went to the house of L., to whom (with devout thankfulness be it recorded) the Greek patriarch has recently given a written instrument under his own hand and seal, constituting him sole director of all the Lancasterian schools, which have been or may be established among his sect. On the way, both going and returning, our boat passed close by the body of a dead man, naked and headless, which was floating in the Golden Horn opposite to the Fanar, within a few feet of the shore, and sometimes touching and even lodging against the door steps of some of the houses, that were built on and over the water's edge. Men, women, and children were constantly passing and repassing without apparently making any remarks, or taking any particu

17. Have read as usual with P. and the papal Armenian youth. They told me that the modern Armenian Testament, printed several years ago at Paris, is now a prohibited book with the papal Armenians. I knew before, that all our Armeno-Turkish publications, including the Testament, had been prohibited from being read by this sect; but this is the first information I have received, that the modern Armenian was placed by the prelates of this church on the list of proscribed books. I hope the report may prove to be unfounded, as the members of this church, now recognised by the porte, and increasing in number and respectability, will henceforth be permitted to read the word of God only in ancient Armenian-a language understood by none but the learned. Every day's experience in this wicked world brings evidence, that the generality of men "love darkness rather than light because their deeds are evil."

18. L. came to-day with Boghos, the Armenian schoolmaster, whom I have long been wishing to see. On account of ill health he gave up the large school he had at Brusa, and came to Constantinople several weeks since, and though convalescent, he still appears very feeble. He is anxious I should open a Lancasterian school among the Armenians, and is ready to assist, and to take the charge of one, as soon as he shall have learned the system, and recovered his health; but he says, what I fear is too true, that his nation are not yet half awake to the subject. I related to him, for his encouragement, the substance of a conversation I had with the former Armenian patriarch previous to his resignation on the subject of these schools; and told him I would take an opportunity of calling soon on his successor in office, who, it was presumed, would be equally favorable.

20. Went to Galata yesterday in company with the Rev. Mr. Nicolayson, and Messrs. Farman and West, who arrived on the 18th instant from Syria. Spent the night on board the United States, and this morning preached on board the American brig Messenger. The crews of two English vessels, and of the United States, and several of the English merchants in Galata were present, and I addressed them on the parable of the prodigal son. May every wanderer from happiness and God be convinced of his wretchedness, and coine at once to the resolution "I will arise and go to my Father."

24. Called to see the Lancasterian school, which P. has opened in this village. It now consists of forty boys, who all seem pleased and happy. One advantage among others of the schools is, the demand they create for the New Testament and for tracts. More of both of these have

Sandwich Islands.

EXTRACTS FROM A JOINT LETTER OF MISSIONARIES ON THE ISLAND OF MAUI, DATED NOV. 29, 1831.

THE names of Messrs. Richards, Andrews, Tinker, and Shepard are annexed to the letter from which these extracts are made.

In January last, Mr. and Mrs. Green removed from this place, and took up their permanent residence at Hilo.

On Saturday, October 29th, Mr. Shepard and family arrived from Honolulu. He has come with the design of spending the winter at Lahaina. Mr. and Mrs. Tinker removed from Oahu to this place in October.

Danger of Mistake at home, with regard to the actual progress of improvement at the Islands.

The remarks made at p. 220, of the last number, are applicable to the following paragraphs.

The general progress and increasing influence of religious principles, we think, have been very visible during the year.

Since we last wrote you, there have been added to the church at this station

63 persons, making the whole number received 149.

The improvement of the people in Christian knowledge is very perceptible. But write. It is now six years since we began on this subject we hardly know what to to write you that the people were becoming moral, that they were studying the Bible, that they were adopting its principles, that they were improving in their general character; indeed, that they were becoming truly pious. These accounts we have continued from time to time. We have written very little of an opposite character.

From these communications we have no fears but the Committee have pretty correct ideas of the true state of things at the islands. But by our private letters, and by various publications which fall into our hands, we perceive that the American public are forming ideas in some respects

very erroneous.

We have indeed the fullest confidence in the real piety of many of the people; we see them improving in knowledge, and in their external appearance; and the vast change for the better in their morals is in reality almost beyond the conception of those who have not seen it. Yet, should we draw a true picture of Sandwich island society, as it now exists, in its present improved state, it would call forth the sneers of the misanthropic, it would dis

ders.

Were you to walk about the village, you would soon see evidence that a large proportion of the people spend their time in almost perfect idleness; the consequence of which is, that they have what you would consider a very scanty supply of food, and never a stock laid up for time of need. They are but poorly supplied with native kapa; their houses are small and filthy, having but one apartment for all the members of the family, and often but an imperfect shelter from the rains. Yet still you would hear them imploring the blessing of heaven, and returning thanks, too, even at their most scanty meals, and you would rarely find a family that neglects the evening and morning prayer.

Were you to visit the house of worship, you might sit with 140 at the communion table, and might see 3,000 attentive hearers, and hear singing which would not disgrace respectable societies in America; but were you to follow the people from the house of prayer, you would see abundant evidence, that very few have any considerable sense of the solemnity of the Sabbath; and their boisterous voices and light countenances, if not a broad laugh, would soon convince you that they are little affected by the truths which they hear.

Were you to go with the people to the house of mourning, and even to the grave of their dearest friends, though you might see evidence of personal attachment, you would at the same time see abundant evidence that they have little idea of what it is to die. Their light countenances, if not their trivial talk, would tell in the most expressive manner, that the body of the people have not learned to follow the soul to eternity, and even the most serious and reflecting often astonish us by their lightness on these solemn occasions. Scarcely ever have we seen anything in the trait of heathen character, which throws such a chill upon our feelings, as their levity on the subject of death.

Were you to have intercourse and do business with the people, you would be exceedingly grieved to perceive, that they make no account of time. That time is valuable, is one of the hardest lessons for a

heathen to learn.

We might go on for a length of time, mentioning things which would meet your eye, and grieve your heart, and were there not in some respects an animating counter

part, we should ourselves be discouraged and sit down in despair.

We feel it necessary to allude to these unpleasant things, lest confining ourselves in our accounts to one side of the subject, we should convey wrong ideas of the real state of the people.

Though our minds and feelings may, by long experience, have become in some degree callous to the enormities of heathenism, yet, on the whole, we are more and more convinced of its degrading, as well as polluting influence; and the progress which the people have as yet made, shows still more clearly the monstrous difference between their former standing, and that of Christian refinement.

Though we say this, yet we speak with confidence when we say there is a regular and constant improvement in the people. It has been very visible during the last year. There has been no special change, and nothing particularly new.

Our religious meetings have been continued as they were when we last wrote.

Importance of Wailuku as a Missionary

Station.

We ought to speak particularly of our branch-station at Wailuku.

During the past year there has been preaching there eighteen Sabbaths. According to our plan there should be preaching half the time. Various obstacles, however, have hitherto, and will doubtless continue to interrupt that regular system which we wish to pursue. Sometimes the weather prevents us; sometimes the people are away on business for the chiefs; and sometimes we are called by other duties to other places. The longer we continue our labors at Wailuku, the more our interest in the place increases. It is of greater impor"tance as a missionary station than the one at Lahaina, except that from Lahaina we can have easier intercourse with the other islands, and thus exert a greater general influence than at Wailuku. But our local influence would be far greater at the latter place. The same amount of missionary labor, produces much greater effects there than at Lahaina; and in case it were occupied as a permanent missionary station, the princess and probably other chiefs would immediately take up their residence there.

Had we not already laid out expense in buildings at Lahaina, it is questionable whether Wailuku would not be the place for the permanent missionary station of this island. The easy access to the eastern peninsula of this island, would nearly balance the advantage which Lahaina enjoys for intercourse with the neighboring islands.

The congregations there on the Sabbath have much increased. The common number which regularly attends meeting there is 3,700, and often more.