The Babinski Sign: A Centenary

anatomical Archives of Neurology Babinski reflex Babinski response Babinski sign Babinskischen Brain central nervous system Charcot clinical Collier corticospinal Crocq cutaneous reflex Dejerine Descartes diagnostic disorders dorsiflexion downward response electromyographic evoked examination extension extensor hallucis brevis extensor hallucis longus fibres Figure films flexion reflex flexion synergy flexor hallucis brevis foot Gehuchten Gijn Grimby hallucis longus muscle hallux hysteria Joseph Babinski Journal of Neurology Landau and Clare later lesions lower limb Marie and Foix médicale motor nerve Neurologisches Centralblatt Neurology and Psychiatry Neurosurgery and Psychiatry Noica normal plantar response normal subjects observations organic hemiplegia organique paralysis paraplegia pathways patients phénomène des orteils physiological plantar flexion plantar reflex pyramidal system pyramidal tract reflex activity reflex movements Revue Neurologique Sherrington side signe de Babinski sole spastic spinal cord spinal shock stimulation stroking Strümpell tendon jerks tendon reflexes tensor fasciae latae toe movements toe phenomenon toe response Ueber upgoing toe sign Walshe