Projectile Technology

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Heidi Knecht
Springer Science & Business Media, 31 окт. 1997 г. - Всего страниц: 408
Artifacts linked to projectile technologies traditionally have provided the foundations for time-space systematics and cultural-historic frameworks in archaeological research having to do with foragers. With the shift in archae ological research objectives to processual interpretations, projectile technolo gies continue to receive marked attention, but with an emphasis on the implications of variability in such areas as design, function, and material as they relate to the broader questions of human adaptation. The reason that this particular domain of foraging technology persists as an important focus of research, I think, comes in three parts. A projectile technology was a crucial part of most foragers' strategies for survival, it was functionally spe cific, and it generally was fabricated from durable materials likely to be detected archaeologically. Being fundamental to meat acquisition and the principal source of calo ries, projectile technologies were typically afforded greater time-investment, formal modification, and elaboration of attributes than others. Moreover, such technologies tend to display greater standardization because of con straints on size, morphology, and weight that are inherent to the delivery system. The elaboration of attributes and standardization of form gives pro jectile technologies time-and space-sensitivity that is greater than most other foraging technologies. And such sensitivity is immensely valuable in archae ological research.
 

Содержание

INTRODUCTION
1
The History and Development of Projectile Technology Research
3
2 Archaeological Perspectives
4
3 Experimental Perspectives
12
4 Ethnoarchaeological Perspectives
16
5 Conclusion
19
References
20
Factors Influencing the Use of Stone Projectile Tips An Ethnographic Perspective
37
References
207
Hunting during the Upper Paleolithic Bow Spearthrower or Both?
213
2 The Spearthrower
214
3 The Bow
219
4 Synthesis of Ethnographic Data Concerning Spearthrowers and Bows
228
The Contribution of Experimental Reconstructions
231
References
238
SelfBarbed Antler Spearpoints and Evidence of Fishing in the Late Upper Paleolithic of Cantabrian Spain
241

2 The Data Base
39
3 Factors Governing Stone Point Use
40
4 Summary and Conclusions
63
References
66
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
75
Middle Paleolithic Spear Point Technology
79
2 Regional Perspectives on Middle Paleolithic Spear Points
81
3 Behavioral Differences or Methodological Myopia?
84
4 Testing the Middle Paleolithic Spear Points Hypothesis
90
5 Conclusion
98
References
101
The Microwear and Morphology of Microliths from Gleann Mor
107
2 The Southern Hebrides Mesolithic Project
108
3 Gleann Mor
109
4 Microlith Morphology
112
5 Functional Analysis by Microwear
116
6 Associations between Morphology and Microwear Traces
119
7 Summary
123
References
127
SideNotched and Unnotched Arrowpoints Assessing Functional Differences
131
2 Prehistoric Use of Notched and Unnotched Stone Arrowpoints
132
3 Numic Arrow Technology
135
4 Conclusions
139
References
140
SinewReinforced and Composite Bows Technology Function and Social Implications
143
2 Terminology and Technology
144
3 Asian Composite Bow Technology
148
4 Bows Bowyers and the ArchaeologicalHistoric Record
152
5 Bowyers and Composite Bow Manufacture in Modern Mongolia
154
6 Concluding Remarks
157
References
159
EXPERIMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
161
Contributions of Multidisciplinary Experimentation to the Study of Upper Paleolithic Projectile Points
165
From Excavation to Interpretation
166
3 The Projective Points of the Solutrean in Western Europe
173
4 Discussion
186
References
187
Projectile Points of Bone Antler and Stone Experimental Explorations of Manufacture and Use
191
2 Methodology of Projectile Experiments
195
3 Raw Material
197
Techniques of Production
199
5 Performance Characteristics Function
200
6 Maintenance and Repair
204
7 Conclusion
205
2 The Salmon Resource in Cantabria
244
3 The Archaeological Setting
245
4 Fish and SelfBarbed Points in the Late Upper Paleolithic
248
5 Ethnohistorical Correlates
251
6 Replication Experiment
252
7 Discussion
255
References
259
ETHNOARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
263
Technology and Variation in Arrow Design among the Agta of Northeastern Luzon
267
2 Agta Hunting Technology
272
3 Agta Projectile Point Variability and Typology
275
4 Discussion of Variation Among the Ihaya Palanan and Dupangan Agta Points
280
References
286
Hunting and Multifunctional Use of Bows and Arrows Ethnoarchaeology of Technological Organization among Pumé Hunters of Venezuela
287
2 Study Location
290
3 Pume Projectile Technology
294
4 Research Design and Methods
299
5 Analyses of Hunting Tool Use
301
6 Discussion
310
7 Conclusion
313
References
314
A Comparison of Kua Botswana and Hadza Tanzania Bow and Arrow Hunting
321
2 The Kua
322
3 The Hadza
330
4 Comparing Bow Hunting Strategies
336
5 Conclusions
340
References
341
Each According to Need and Fashion Spear and Arrow Use among San Hunters of the Kalahari
345
2 Projectile Technology Utilization in the Kalahari Desert
346
3 The Study Populations
350
4 Bow and Arrow Hunting
353
5 Spear Hunting
355
6 Hunting Success and Failure
357
7 Conclusions
363
References
365
CONCLUSION
369
Projectile Points Form Function and Design
371
3 Form and Function
373
4 Design Theory and Study of Technological Organization
375
5 The Practice of Hunting
380
6 Future Points
381
References
382
Index
385
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