A Sanskrit Grammar for Beginners: In Devanâgarî and Roman Letters ThroughoutLongmans, Green, 1866 - Всего страниц: 307 |
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Часто встречающиеся слова и выражения
3rd pers adjectives aḥ Anga Anusvâra aorist Âtm Âtmanepada bases ending becomes beginning with consonants benedictive Bha base bhú budh Caus changed Chur compounds conjugated declension declined desiderative dropt DUAL Dvigu ending in consonants fafa feminine final followed forms gerund grammar Guna Hence Impf inserted Instr intensive intermediate lengthen letters likewise lingual MASC masculine monosyllabic nasal native grammarians neut neuter nominal bases nouns optional Pada base Pâņ Parasmaipada participle Pass passive Perf Periphrastic plur PLURAL preceded prepositions reduplicated perfect reduplicative syllable roots ending rules Sandhi Sanskrit satam second aorist semivowels sibilant Siddh.-Kaum Sing SINGULAR sonant special tenses suffixes taḥ take Guņa Tatpurusha terminations beginning verbal base Verbs ending VIII Visarga vowel Vriddhi words न् भू म् शतं सु स्
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Стр. vi - The grammatical system elaborated by native grammarians is, in itself, most perfect ; and those who have tested Panini's work, will readily admit that there is no grammar in any language that could vie with the wonderful mechanism of his eight books of grammatical rules.
Стр. xi - Panini and his successors. The grammatical system of Hindu grammarians is so peculiar, that rules which we should group together, are scattered about in different parts of their manuals. We may have the general rule in the last, and the exceptions in the first book, and even then we are by no means certain that exceptions to these exceptions may not occur somewhere else. I shall give but one instance. There is a root unj jdgri, which forms its Aorist by adding ^ isham, $ i£, $ir it.
Стр. ii - THE FIRST BOOK OF THE HITOPADESA : containing the Sanskrit Text, with Interlinear Transliteration, Grammatical Analysis, and English Translation. [Price 7*.
Стр. 62 - Sanskrit nouns have three genders, Masculine, Feminine, and Neuter ; three numbers, Singular, Dual, and Plural ; and eight cases, Nominative, Accusative, Instrumental, Dative, Ablative, Genitive, Locative, and Vocative.
Стр. 1 - Indian alphabet can be proved with scientific precision, the second Indian alphabet, that which is found in the inscription of Girnar, and which is the real source of all other Indian alphabets, as well as of those of Tibet and Burmah, has not as yet been traced back in a satisfactory manner to any Semitic prototype. (Prinsep's Indian Antiquities by Thomas, vol.
Стр. 137 - P=i«i<4n krodham vinayate, he turns away or dismisses wrath ; a subtle distinction which it is possible to appreciate when stated, but difficult to bring under any general rules. Again, in Sanskrit as well as in Greek, some verbs are middle in certain tenses only, but active or middle in others; eg Atm.
Стр. 235 - Tatpurusha compound, in which the last word is determined by a preceding adjective, eg tOeftrMri nilotpalam, blue lotus. The component words, if dissolved, would stand in the same case, whereas in other Tatpurushas the preceding word is governed by the last, the man of the king, or fire-wood, ie wood for fire. The Dvigu again may be called a subdivision of the Karmadharaya, being a compound in which the first word is not an adjective in general, but always a numeral : fs'N dvigavam, two oxen, or...
Стр. 51 - The final ^ k or \ffh, after losing its aspiration, becomes n^, which is further changed to eR k. § 114. Nominal or verbal bases ending in consonants and followed by terminations consisting of a single consonant, drop the termination altogether, two consonants not being tolerated at the end of a word ($ 55).
Стр. xii - has enabled even beginners to find their way through the labyrinth of native grammar," has been for many years out of print, and is continually enquired for by those who wish to obtain a well-grounded knowledge of a language, the students of which in Europe alone may be counted no longer by tens, but by hundreds. For the publication of this edition such students are indebted to the enlightened...
Стр. 8 - The palatal letters ^ ch and *lj have the sound of ch in 'church* and ofj in 'join.' 5. The lingual letters are said to be pronounced by bringing the lower surface of the tongue against the roof of the palate. As a matter of fact the ordinary pronunciation of t, d, n in English is what Hindus would call lingual, and it is essential to distinguish the Sanskrit dentals by bringing the tip of the tongue against the very edge of the upper front-teeth. In transcribing English words the natives naturally...